• Title/Summary/Keyword: curing cycles

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STRAIN CHANGES OF ACRYLIC RESIN SPECIMENS CURED BY THREE CURING CYCLES

  • Kang, In-Ho;Kim, Yung-Soo;Kim, Chang-Whe
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.236-245
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    • 2002
  • The acrylic resin was first introduced as denture base materials in 1937 and it is commonly used for denture base fabrication nowadays. Three different curing cycles (Conventional curing cycle, short curing cycle and long curing cycle) and three commercially available heat-activated acrylic resins (Vertex RS, Lucitone 199 and ProBase Hot) were investigated to find the curing cycle and material that showed the minimum shrinkage of the resin during polymerization process. A brass master mold was fabricated and duplicated by additional silicone impression material. Stone molds were made by pouring of type III dental stone (SILKY-ROCK YELLOW, Whip-Mix, Louisville, Kentucky). It was embedded in the flask. Strain gauge and thermocouple were embedded in the specimen. Strain gauge and thermocouple were connected to signal conditioning amplifier and data was recorded by pre-programmed software. The parameters ESmax (Maximum expansion strain), Sb (Strain measured just before deflasking procedure), Sa (Strain measured just after deflasking procedure) and Sf (Strain measured at the end of the experiment) were measured. ${\Delta}$S was calculated from Sb and Sa (${\Delta}$S=Sb-Sa). In the experiment concerned about materials, the parameters 90-ESmax (Maximum expansion strain measured during early 90 minutes of curing procedure), 180-ESmax (Maximum expansion strain measured from 90 minutes to 180 minutes), Sb, Sa, ${\Delta}$S and Sf were measured and the following conclusions were made. 1. The ESmax value of conventional curing cycle showed the largest value and the 180-ESmax value of Lucitone 199 showed the smallest value. 90-ESmax values showed no significant difference (p<0.05). 2. ${\Delta}$S values of conventional curing cycle showed the positive values. ${\Delta}$S values of short curing cycle and long curing cycle showed the negative values. All three materials cured by conventional curing cycle showed the positive values. 3. The Sf values of long curing cycle and ProBase Hot (cured by conventional curing cycle) showed the smallest values.

Effect of polymerization method and fabrication method on occlusal vertical dimension and occlusal contacts of complete-arch prosthesis

  • Lima, Ana Paula Barbosa;Vitti, Rafael Pino;Amaral, Marina;Neves, Ana Christina Claro;Concilio, Lais Regiane da Silva
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.122-127
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    • 2018
  • PURPOSE. This study evaluated the dimensional stability of a complete-arch prosthesis processed by conventional method in water bath or microwave energy and polymerized by two different curing cycles. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty maxillary complete-arch prostheses were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): MW1 - acrylic resin cured by one microwave cycle; MW2 - acrylic resin cured by two microwave cycles: WB1 - conventional acrylic resin polymerized using one curing cycle in a water bath; WB2 - conventional acrylic resin polymerized using two curing cycles in a water bath. For evaluation of dimensional stability, occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and area of contact points were measured in two different measurement times: before and after the polymerization method. A digital caliper was used for OVD measurement. Occlusal contact registration strips were used between maxillary and mandibular dentures to measure the contact points. The images were measured using the software IpWin32, and the differences before and after the polymerization methods were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The results demonstrated significant statistical differences for OVD between different measurement times for all groups. MW1 presented the highest OVD values, while WB2 had the lowest OVD values (P<.05). No statistical differences were found for area of contact points among the groups (P=.7150). CONCLUSION. The conventional acrylic resin polymerized using two curing cycles in a water bath led to less difference in OVD of complete-arch prosthesis.

Analysis of Thermal Residual Stress in Composite Patches (복합재 패춰의 열잔류응력 해석)

  • 김위대;김난호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.63-66
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    • 2000
  • This research addresses study on thermal residual stress of a composite patch repair of the edge cracked aluminium panel of aging aircraft. Composite patch repair is an efficient and economical technique to improve the damage tolerance of cracked metallic structures. These are thermal residual stresses due to the mismatch of coefficient of thermal expansion, and these are affected by the curing cycle of patch specimen. In this study, three curing cycles were selected for F.E. analysis. This study features the effect on composite patch and aluminum by thermal residual stress during crack propagation in aluminum plate.

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Wear Of Resin Composites Polymerized By Conventional Halogen Light Curing And Light Emitting Diodes Curing Units (HALOGEN LIGHT CURING UNIT 과 LIGHT EMITTING DIODES CURING UNIT 을 이용하여 중합되어진 복합레진의 마모 특성 비교)

  • 이권용;김환;박성호;정일영;전승범
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.1057-1060
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    • 2004
  • In this study, the wear characteristics of five different dental composite resins cured by conventional halogen light and LED light sources were investigated. Five different dental composite resins of Surefil, Z100, Dyract AP, Fuji II LC and Compoglass were worn against a zirconia ceramic ball using a pin-on-disk type wear tester with 15 N contact force in a reciprocal sliding motion with sliding distance of 10 mm/cycle at 1Hz under the room temperature dry condition. The wear variations of dental composite resins were linearly increased as the number of cycles increased. It was observed that the wear resistances of these specimens were in the order of Dyract AP &gt; Surefil &gt; Compoglass &gt; Z100 &gt; Fuji II LC. On the morphological observations by SEM, the large crack formation on the sliding track of Fuji II LC specimen was the greatest among all resin composites. Dyract AP showed the least wear with few surface damage. There is no significant difference in wear performance between conventional halogen light curing and light emitting diodes curing sources. It indicates that a light emitting diodes (LED) source can replace a halogen light source as a curing unit for composite resin restorations.

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Wear of Resin Composites Polymerized by Conventional Halogen Light Curing and Light Emitting Diodes Curing Units (Halogen Light Curing Unit과 Light Emitting Diodes Curing Unit을 이용하여 중합되어진 복합레진의 마멸 특성 비교)

  • Lee Kwon-Yong;Kim Hwan;Park Sung-Ho;Jung Il-Young;Jeon Seung-Beom
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.268-271
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    • 2005
  • In this study, the wear characteristics of five different dental composite resins cured by conventional halogen light and LED light sources were investigated. Five different dental composite resins of Surefil, Z100, Dyract AP, Fuji II LC and Compoglass were worn against a zirconia ceramic ball using a pin-on-disk type wear tester with 15N contact force in a reciprocal sliding motion of sliding distance of 10mm/cycle at 1Hz under the room temperature dry condition. The wear variations of dental composite resins were linearly increased as the number of cycles increased. It was observed that the wear resistances of these specimens were in the order of Dyract AP > Surefil > Compoglass > Z100 > Fuji II LC. On the morphological observations by SEM, the large crack formation on the sliding track of Fuji II LC specimen was the greatest among all resin composites. Dyract AP showed less wear with few surface damage. There is no significant difference in wear performance between conventional halogen light curing and light emitting diodes curing sources. It indicates that a light emitting diodes (LED) source can replace a halogen light source as curing unit for composite resin restorations.

Flame-retardant Finish of Cotton Fabrics Using UV-curable Phosphorous-containing Monomers (자외선 경화형 인계 단량체를 이용한 면직물의 방염가공)

  • Jang, Jin-Ho;Jeong, Yong-Kyun
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2008
  • Flame-retardant cotton fabrics were prepared by UV curing of photocurable aqueous formulations of phosphorous-containing methacrylate monomers and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone as flame retardants and a photoinitiator respectively, which is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving process. The characterization of the UV-coated cotton fabric was made by ATR, TGA and limited oxygen index measurement. UV cured coating onto cotton fabrics reduced the first thermal decomposition temperature and mass loss as well as increase in the amount of char residue compared with the untreated cotton fabric presumably due to modified thermal decomposition process. The LOI values up to 28.5 and 27.2 were obtained by the UV curing of MMEP and TMEP respectively. The treatment was durable to five laundering cycles, which was more prominent in the case of trifunctional TMEP treatment.

Effect of low-calcium fly ash on sulfate resistance of cement paste under different exposure conditions

  • Zhang, Wuman;Zhang, Yingchen;Gao, Longxin
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.175-181
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    • 2019
  • Low-calcium fly ash (LCFA) were used to prepare cement/LCFA specimens in this study. The basic physical properties including water demand, fluidity, setting time, soundness and drying shrinkage of cement/LCFA paste were investigated. The effects of curing time, immersion time and wet-dry cycles in 3% $Na_2SO_4$ solution on the compressive strength and the microstructures of specimens were also discussed. The results show that LCFA increases the water demand, setting time, soundness of cement paste samples. 50% and 60% LCFA replacement ratio decrease the drying shrinkage of hardened cement paste. The compressive strength of plain cement specimens decreases at the later immersion stage in 3% $Na_2SO_4$ solution. The addition of LCFA can decrease this strength reduction of cement specimens. For all specimens with LCFA, the compressive strength increases with increasing immersion time. During the wet-dry cycles, the compressive strength of plain cement specimens decreases with increasing wet-dry cycles. However, the pores in the specimens with 30% and 40% LCFA at early ages could be large enough for the crystal of sodium sulfate, which leads to the compressive strength increase with the increase of wet-dry cycles in 3% $Na_2SO_4$ solution. The microstructures of cement/LCFA specimens are in good agreement with the compressive strength.

The effects of polymers and fly ash on unconfined compressive strength and freeze-thaw behavior of loose saturated sand

  • Arasan, Seracettin;Nasirpur, Omid
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.361-375
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    • 2015
  • Constructions over soft and loose soils are one of the most frequent problems in many parts of the world. Cement and cement-lime mixture have been widely used for decades to improve the strength of these soils with the deep soil mixing method. In this study, to investigate the freeze-thaw effect of sand improved by polymers (i.e., styrene-acrylic-copolymer-SACP, polyvinyl acetate-PVAc and xanthan gum) and fly ash, unconfined compression tests were performed on specimens which were exposed to freeze-thaw cycles and on specimens which were not exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The laboratory test results concluded that the unconfined compressive strength increased with the increase of polymer ratio and curing time, whereas, the changes on unconfined compressive strength with increase of freeze-thaw cycles were insignificant. The overall evaluation of results has revealed that polymers containing fly ash is a good promise and potential as a candidate for deep soil mixing application.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE BOND STRENGTH OF DENTURE TEETH BONDED TO DENTURE BASE MATERIALS (의치용 인공치아와 의치상용 레진간의 결합강도에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Joo-Hee;Kim, Chang-Whe;Kim, Yung-Soo
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.464-474
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    • 1996
  • A principal advantage of a plastic tooth over a porcelain tooth should be its ability to bond to the denture base material. But plastic teeth could craze and wear easily, so more abrasion resistant plastic denture teeth have been developed. To resist abrasion, the degree of cross-linking was increased, but bonding to denture base meterial became more difficult. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of plastic teeth and abrasion resistant teeth bonded to heat-curing, self-curing and light-curing denture base material. Denture tooth molds were chosen that had a>8mm diameter. The denture teeth was bonded to three denture base materials and then machined to the same dimensions. Three denture base materials were used as control groups. Prior to tensile testing, the specimens were thermocycled between $5^{\circ}C\;and\;55^{\circ}C$ for 1000cycles. Tensile testing was performed on an Instron Universal testing mechine. Experimental group ; plastic teeth(Justi Imperial)+heat-curing resin(Lucitone 199) plastic teeth(Justi Imperial)+light-curing resin(Triad) plastic teeth(Justi Imperial)+self-curing resin(Vertex SC) abrasion resistant teeth(IPN)+heat-curing resin(Lucitone 199) abrasion resistant teeth(IPN)+light-curing resin(Triad) abrasion resistant teeth(IPN)+self-curing resin(Vertex SC) Control group ; heat-curing resin(Lucitone 199) light-curing resin (Triad) self-curing resin(Vertex SC). The results were as follows : 1. The denture teeth bonded to heat-curing resin showed the cohesive failure and those bonded to the other resins showed adhesive failure. 2. Tensile bond strength of the plastic teeth bonded to self-curing resin was not significantly greater than bonded to light-curing resin(p>0.05). 3. Tensile bond strength of the abrasion resistant teeth bonded to self-curing resin was not significantly greater than bonded to light-curing resin(p>0.05). 4. Tensile bond strength of the plastic teeth to self-curing resin was not significantly different from that of the abrasion-resistant teeth(p>0.05). 5. Tensile bond strength of the plastic teeth to light-curing resin was significantly greater than that of the abrasion resistant teeth(p<0.01).

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Strength Variation of Cemented Sand Due to Wetting (수침이 고결모래의 강도에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Sung-Sik;Kim, Ki-Young;Kim, Chang-Woo;Choi, Hyun-Seok
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.29 no.6C
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    • pp.303-311
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    • 2009
  • In this study, weakly cemented sand was cured at air dry condition with different periods (3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days) and its unconfined compressive strength was evaluated. As a result, the strength of specimens with low cement ratios such as 4 and 8% increases until 7 days curing but, after 7 days, their strength continuously decreases. The strength of specimens with relatively high cement ratios such as 12 and 16% increases up to 7 days curing and then stays almost constant until 21 days. After 21 days curing, their strength suddenly dropped down, which is much lower than the strength of 3 days curing specimen. A cemented sand and gravel called CSG, which is highly permeable, could be exposed to repetitive drying and wetting conditions due to rainfall or groundwater table change during curing. In this study, the weakly cemented sand is exposed to repetitive drying and wetting and then its unconfined compressive strength was evaluated. As a result, the strength of a specimen with 27 days drying condition following 1 day wetting was at maximum 35% lower than the one cured under 28 days drying. The strength degradation due to wetting decreases as a cement ratio increases. However, the strength of a specimen with repetitive drying and wetting increases as the number of wetting increases until 3 cycles. After 3 cycles of drying and wetting, the rate of strength increase decreases due to an insufficient water for hydration or stays constant. If the sufficient water supply is provided to cemented sand during curing, the target or design strength increase can be achieved. Otherwise, the strength degradation due to wetting should be considered at the design stage.