• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.36.1-36.4
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• 2023

We discuss the case of a 5-month-old male British Shorthair cat referred to our hospital following the detection of a heart murmur during a routine vaccination appointment. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed a 1.18 mm ventricular septal defect (VSD) located immediately below the aortic valve, without signs of secondary cardiac remodeling. Given the absence of cardiac dysfunction, no treatment was administered, and the cat was periodically monitored over the next 2 years. Echocardiography at 29 months of age revealed no signs of the VSD. Future studies are needed to increase the evidence base for spontaneous VSD closure in small animals.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.6
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• 2024

A 6-month-old male Ragdoll cat presented with exercise intolerance. On physical examination, there was a grade 2/6 systolic murmur at the right apex. Diagnostic tests, including SpO₂ measurement, blood tests, radiography, echocardiography, contrast echocardiography, and electrocardiography, were performed. Severe right atrial dilation, tricuspid valve leaflets and orifice displacement, right ventricular atrialization, septal leaflet adherence, anterior leaflet tethering, and right atrioventricular junction dilation were noted on echocardiography, alongside a right-to-left atrial septal defect. Cor triatriatum dexter and left ventricular aneurysm were observed. We diagnosed this case as having Ebstein anomaly with rare congenital heart deformities; which is rare in cats.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.190-195
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• 2016

Purpose: Severe aplastic anemia (SAA), a fatal disease, requires multiple transfusion, immunosuppressive therapy, and finally, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as the definitive treatment. We hypothesized that iron overloading associated with multiple transfusions and HSCT-related complications may adversely affect cardiac function. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed in children after HSCT for SAA. Methods: Forty-six consecutive patients with a median age of 9.8 years (range, 1.5-18 years), who received HSCT for SAA and who underwent comprehensive echocardiography before and after HSCT, were included in this study. The data of LV functional parameters obtained using conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) were collected from pre- and post-HSCT echocardiography. These data were compared to those of 40 age-matched normal controls. Results: In patients, the LV ejection fraction, shortening fraction, end-diastolic dimension, mitral early diastolic E velocity, TDI mitral septal E' velocity, and STE LV longitudinal systolic strain rate (SSR) decreased significantly after HSCT. Compared to normal controls, patients had significantly lower post-HSCT early diastolic E velocity and E/A ratio. On STE, patients had significantly decreased LV deformational parameters including LV longitudinal systolic strain (SS), SSR, and diastolic SR (DSR), and circumferential SS and DSR. Serum ferritin levels showed weak but significant correlations (P<0.05) with LV longitudinal SS and SSR and circumferential SS and DSR. Conclusion: Subclinical LV dysfunction is evident in patients after HSCT for SAA, and was associated with increased iron load. Serial monitoring of cardiac function is mandatory in this population.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.509-513
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• 1999

Dilated cardiomyopathy in two dogs showing dyspnea was diagnosed at veterinary teaching hospital. In radiographs, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, ascites, and hepatomegaly were seen at case 1. ‘Reversed D’ shape due to right heart enlargement was shown at case 2. In echocardiography, dilatation of chambers was predominant in case 1 and 2. Arrythmia was complicated in case 2.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.264-267
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• 2002

Tricuspid valve dysplasia was diagnosed in 2 month-old german shepherd dog. Radiographic and echocardiographic examination was performed and they revealed severe dilatation of the right atrium, dilatation of the right ventricle, and septal leaflet tethered to the right side of the septum. On Doppler echocardiography, tricuspid valve incompetence was detected, flow velocity ranging from 3-4 m/sec. Color Doppler examination showed large turbulent jet in the right atrium.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.196-201
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• 1994

Endocardial cushion defect is a rare congenital heart disease. From September 1985, we experienced 20 cases of endocardial cushion defects and postoperative follow up was taken.We reviewed preoperative clinical data, echocardiography, cardiac cath data, operative method & time. After operation, we performed echocardiography and examined mitral valve function & integrity of patch closure sites. Postoperative follow up was taken regularly & follow up period was from 2 month to 91 months. Several postoperative complications were overcome with adequate treatment. There were 3 cases of early death and mortality rate was 15% [3/20].

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.82-83
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• 1999

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.787-791
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• 1998

Materials and methods: Between 1979 and 1996, 27 patients with primary cardiac tumor underwent surgery at Catholic University Medical College. Mean age of patient was 45.1${\pm}$3.03 ranging from 21 to 67 years old. Twenty-four cases were myxomas, 2 cases were chondrosarcoma, and remained case was angiosarcoma. Diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, cardiac angiography, CT scan, and MRI. The most common site of tumor origin was fossa ovalis limbus area(17cases:63%). A biatrial operative approach was commonly used in 15 cases and the tumor was removed through left atriotomy site. Complete excision of the tumor with a cuff of normal tissue was performed. All heart chambers were carefully explored for evidence of multicentric myxomas or other tumor debris. Most of the patients were improved on postoperative period compared to preoperative NYHA functional class. Results: There was one operative death due to low cardiac output syndrome. Follow up period was 3 months to 17 years. There was 2 late deaths due to local recurrences. Conclusion: complete surgical excion is important for increasing cure rate. Malignancy cannot be ruled out even though preoperative echocardiography suggests benign nature. Chest CT or MRI is effective for further evalution in addition to echocardiography. In suspicious of malignancy, more extensive resection is essential and postoperative chemotheraphy or radiotherapy is useful.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.267-272
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• 2002

Typical hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS) is a distinct pathologic entity with aortic atresia, mitral atresia, very hypoplastic or absent left ventricle and thread like ascending aorta. Occasionally, the lesser degree of hypoplasia is found and is called hypoplastic left heart complex(HLHC) by some authors. This HLHC is often associated with critical aortic stenosis. Fetal echocardiography has enabled us to observe human fetal heart in-utero and to diagnose congenital heart disease prenatally over the last 20 years. The diagnosis of HLHS in fetal echocardiography is based on 2-dimensional echocardio -graphic evidence of a diminutive ascending aorta, aortic atresia, mitral atresia or severe stenosis and a hypoplastic left ventricle. Abnormal flow direction through atrial septum or through isthmus greatly aids the diagnosis. This report shows a fetal case who showed hypoplastic left side chambers and retrograde isthmic flow and was diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. After birth, although the baby had tachy-dyspnea for the first 3 weeks, she finally recovered without any intervention and showed catch up growth of left side chambers. This case illustrates the extreme difficulty of assessing left ventricle in a fetus.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.343-346
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• 2015

A 4-year-old castrated male Dachshund was presented with a chronic history of dyspnea and cyanosis. Complete blood count revealed marked polycythemia with a hematocrit of 79.7%. Thoracic radiographs showed mild right-sided cardiac enlargement. Echocardiography showed a large ventricular septal defect in the left ventricular outflow tract region just proximal to the aortic valve. On Doppler echocardiography, right-to-left shunt flow through the defect was found and confirmed by contrast echocardiography. Based on these diagnostic findings and clinical signs, the dog was diagnosed as right-to-left shunting ventricular septal defect. Phlebotomy and oxygen supplement were performed, but the dog died the day after presentation.