• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.45-49
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• 2015

Objectives : Through this study, it would be confirmed that specific expression for efficacy of medicinal material has multiple meanings. And through the methodology to determine the multi meaning, it could be contributed to lighten ambiguous expressions for efficacy of medicinal material.Methods : The premise is that the efficacy and treatment target data are related to each other. Word cloud has been used analyzing the efficacy and treatment target data for medicinal materials. Then classic and modern documents were analyzed by the search.Results : Even though searching all related references as well as comparing the efficacy and treatment target data were done, some medicinal materials having 'Salchung[殺蟲]' as an efficacy are not expected to treat the disease associated with the parasite. Through the analysis of classic and modern documents, it was found that 'Salchung[殺蟲]' is not used only as a means of anthelmintic efficacy. But through the above analysis method some medicinal materials having 'Guchung[驅蟲]' as an efficacy are expected to treat the disease associated with the parasite, and 'Guchung[驅蟲]' seems to be almost used as a means of anthelmintic efficacy.Conclusions : If a certain expression for efficacy of medicinal material is used as a single meaning obviously, ambiguous expressions need to be clear. And if a certain expression for efficacy of medicinal material seems to have multiple meanings, the additional informations are to be supplemented for exact wording.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-51
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parenting efficacy, parenting stress on elementary school children's self-efficacy and daily stress. The subjects were 355 children selected from 4 elementary schools and their mothers. Data was collected using the parenting efficacy index, parenting stress index, children's self-efficacy inventory and children's daily stress inventory. Data was statistically analyzed using the t-test, one way ANOVA(Duncan test), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were some significant differences in children's self-efficacy according to the child's grade, gender, scholastic achievement, mother education, father education, and income. There were some significant differences in children's daily stress according to the child's grade, gender, and scholastic achievement. Correlation analysis indicated that the maternal parenting efficacy and children's self-efficacy, especially self-confidence had a significant positive correlation, and indicated a negative correlation with children's daily stress. Correlation analysis indicated that maternal parenting stress and children's self-efficacy had a significant negative correlation, and indicated a positive correlation with children's daily stress. It was also found that scholastic achievement, educational distress of the mother, father education were significant predictors of the children's self-efficacy, and healthy parenting ability, father education, stress of a difficult child, scholastic achievement, gender were all significant predictors of the children's daily stress.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.459-467
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out the level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers and to find out the students' science process skills and scientific attitudes according to the level of the teacher's science teaching efficacy belief. After measuring science teaching efficacy belief of 109 teachers from nine elementary schools, three teachers who received the high score and three teachers who received the low score were selected from each 5th and 6th grade. Science process skills and scientific attitudes of 331 students who were in the selected 12 teachers' classes were measured. The results of this study were as follows; First, there were significant differences on the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's gender and career. The men's average score was clearly higher than women's average score on personal science teaching efficacy in science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's gender. There was a obvious difference between the group of more than six-year less than ten-year and the group of more than fifteen-year less than twenty-year, the group of more than twenty-year on science teaching outcome expectancy in science teaching efficacy belief according to teacher's career. Second, there was not a evident difference on the elementary school students' science process skill according to the level of the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy. Third, there was a distinct difference on the elementary school students' scientific attitude according to the elementary school teachers' science teaching efficacy. There was a significant difference on the openness and the endurance in each scientific attitude. The level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers had few effects on the elementary school students' science process skill, on the other hand the level of science teaching efficacy belief in the elementary school teachers had an positive effect on the elementary school students' scientific attitude.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.573-581
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• 2013

This study examined the relationship among supervision behaviors, self-efficacy, and job stress of childcare teachers for infants. This study also investigated whether the childcare teachers' supervision behaviors affected self-efficacy and job stress and whether their self-efficacy acted as a mediating effects on job stress and supervisory behaviors. The participants were 292 childcare teachers for infants in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The instruments utilized were the parent supervision attributes scale, Korean occupational stress scale, and teacher self-efficacy scale. The data analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis, Which Baron & Kenny first proposed, was conducted. The significance of the mediation effect was verified by the Sobel test. The results were as follows: First, the childcare teachers' supervision behaviors had a positive correlation with the teachers' self-efficacy, while the teachers' supervision behaviors and self-efficacy had a negative correlation with job stress. Second, job stress appeared to have a negative on supervision behaviors. Self-efficacy appeared to have a positive effect on supervision behaviors. Third, the mediating effect of self-efficacy was verified in the relationship between supervision behaviors and job stress. The more self-efficacy the childcare teachers had, the more supervision behaviors they performed. The greater their self-efficacy, the more the childcare teachers were able to control job stress. Therefore, by enhancing the self-efficacy of childcare teachers, their level of supervision behaviors should increase and their level of job stress should decrease.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2002

Breast self-exam is easiest, safe and cost effective to be recommended as an important method for early detection of breast cancer. This experimental research with non-equal control design was to develop the efficacy expectation program for breast self-exam based on Bandura's self-efficacy information source. The study objects selected from two local churches in Busan. Twenty from S church were selected as a study group, twenty from D church as a control group. Efficacy expectation promoting program was based on Bandura's efficacy promoting source and was two hour lecture including slide, video tape, demonstration, pamphlet. After this, there were individual interviews with them and consultations through telephone f or verbal persuasion on the weekly basis between the first week and the fifth week. The effect from the experiment were measured on the first week after education and on the fifth week. Data from control group was collected during the period from Jan 11, 2 001 to Feb 15, 2001 and data from study group was collected during the period from Jan 12, 2001 to Feb 16, 2001. Measurement instrument for this study was developed by the author with the advice of specialist in order to measure self-efficacy and breast self-exam practice. Data analysis was done by using SPSS/10.0 PC program $with^2-$ test. t-test and ANCOVA. Proved results for hypothesis were as follows. 1) It was supported that "Study group educated by efficacy expectation promoting program has higher score in change rat e of self-efficacy than control group." (1 week after education F=18.395, p=.000 5 weeks after education F=28.972, p=.000) 2) It was supported that "Study group educated by efficacy expectation promoting program has higher score in change rate of exam practice than control group." (1 week after education F=37.984, p=.000 5 weeks after education F=28.972, p=.000) In conclusion, efficacy expectation promoting program for breast self-exam developed by this study may increase s elf-efficacy and breast self-exam practice.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.167-183
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• 2017

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of character traits of employees of consulting firm on job satisfaction through self-leadership and self-efficacy. The proposed model is based on big5 model of Coasta and McCrae(1992). To validate the proposed model, structural equation model is analyzed with the valid 140 questionnaires collected from Seoul and nearby cities by using Smart PLS 3.0. The results are as follows. First, extraversion has a positive effect on self-leadership, not on self-efficacy. Second, agreeableness has a positive effect on self-leadership, not on self-efficacy. Third, conscientiousness has a positive effect on both self-leadership and self-efficacy. Fourth, emotional stability does not have a positive effect on both self-leadership and self-efficacy. Fifth, openness to experience has a positive effect on both self-leadership and self-efficacy. Sixth, self-leadership has a positive effect on self-efficacy. Seventh, self-leadership has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Last, self-efficacy has a positive effect on job satisfaction. This research proves that, while the character of employees generally forms the meaningful relationship with self-leadership and self-efficacy, in some entries of Big 5 character elements it has still produced the different results with the previous researches, which betrays that the relationship between one's character and self-leadership and self-efficacy can differ according to the characteristic of jobs. It requires further study to prove how each of Big 5 elements differently effects on self-leadership and self-efficacy according to diverse characteristic of jobs.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2020

The current study tests the effect of fashion product knowledge and confidence in fashion coordination on innovative fashion product acceptance, mediated by creative fashion consumer efficacy. Creative fashion consumer efficacy refers to a consumers' belief in the ability to consume fashion products in a creative way. The survey was conducted on 474 people between 20 and 40 years of age in a panel of online survey firms. Data was analyzed using reliability analysis and frequency analysis by SPSS 20.0 along with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling done by AMOS 20.0. The results reveal that creative fashion consumer efficacy consists of original thinking efficacy, usage expansion efficacy, problem solving efficacy, and method variation efficacy that is consistent with the original structure of creative consumption efficacy. In addition, fashion product knowledge and confidence in fashion coordination do not affect innovative fashion product acceptance. The effects of fashion product knowledge and confidence in fashion coordination on innovative fashion product acceptance are fully mediated through creative fashion consumer efficacy. The results of this study demonstrate that people who are knowledgeable, confident and associated with fashion product consumption can have a high level of creative fashion consumer efficacy that increases innovative fashion product acceptance.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to investigate the relationship among emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job stress of nurses. Method: Data was collected from convenient sample of 265 nurses who work for a university hospital in a city. The Questionnaire measured the level of emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job stress of nurses. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, scheffe' test, pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression. Result: The mean score of emotional intelligence was 3.41(${\pm}.37$), self-efficacy was 3.27(${\pm}.45$) and job stress was 3.35(${\pm}.65$). There were significant differences on self-efficacy according to age, marital status and education level. And there were significant differences on job stress according to age, working unit. It was a significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. The emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were significantly negative correlation with job stress. The emotional intelligence explained 24.8% of self-efficacy and 1.9% of job stress and self-efficacy explained 2.7% of job stress. And the self-efficacy was showed a mediate variable between emotional intelligence and job stress. Conclusion: To decrease job stress, nursing managers ought to develop the emotional intelligence and self-efficacy of nurses, reinforce as a mediating role between emotional intelligence and job stress

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.348-364
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• 1998

The two objectives of this study were 1) to develop an efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977), and 2) to investigate the effects of the efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause. The first phase was to development an efficacy expectation promoting program through video tape. A telephone coaching program served as a follow-up to the efficacy expectation promoting program which provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The second phase was the experimental stage. This experimentation was conducted to determine whether an efficacy expectation promoting program based on theory of Bandura would increase the self-efficacy and the management of menopause. Results : The video which we developed consisted of 2 parts. Part one discussed the symptoms and the management of menopause. Part two reflected the vicarious step-by-step success of middle-aged women's menopause management. The telephone coaching program served as a follow up to the efficacy expectation promoting program and provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The total length of the video is 50 minutes. The hypotheses stated in phase two were supported by following results : In the two experimental groups consisting of the natural and artificial menopause groups both demonstrated significant increase in their general and concrete self-efficacy scores. In the experimental groups, both the objective and subjective menopause management scores increased n the natural and artificial menopause experimental groups. In conclusion, it was found that an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and management of menopause.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.173-190
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• 2019

The self-efficacy of pre-service teachers has been reported as a major factor in the instruction of the curriculum. In particular, considering the importance of science learning instruction for underrepresented students from the viewpoint of science education for all, pre-service elementary teachers' self-efficacy about science instruction for underrepresented students will be an important factor of science education for these students. The purpose of this study is to investigate the self-efficacy of pre-service elementary teachers in science instruction for underrepresented students. To this end, the science teaching and learning self-efficacy test tool (Lee & Im, 2010) was revised in accordance with the context of science teaching for underrepresented students into a total of 24 items using 5 Likert scales. Through using the test tool consists of 3 dimensions as Learning Efficacy, Teaching Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy, 81 pre-service elementary teachers were surveyed and the reliability of test tool was verified through factor analysis and assessing construct validity by using the responses. As a result of the analysis, setting 5 as the standard perfect score, the average score of self-efficacy per dimension was shown as 3.29 in Learning Efficacy, 2.89 in Teaching Efficacy, and 3.39 in Outcome Expectancy. We confirmed the tendency and difference of self-efficacy of the research objects according to their background factors in which direct and indirect experience relating to the science education for the underrepresented students. Also, we verified that pre-service elementary teachers' interest in science subject matter, teaching science and their perception of the value of science learning had significant relations with self-efficacy on science teaching for underrepresented students.