• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.172-179
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• 2000

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials in three patient groups with arrhythmia(AP group), with arrhythmia and cerebral infarction(CI group), and with arrhythmia and hemorrhage(CH group), and then to find out the characteristic of meridian system among 3 groups. Methods : Thirty arrhythmic patients diagnosed by EKG, CT, and deficiency of the heart blood(心血虛症) were divided into 3 groups(AP, CI, CH group). Their electric potential of well and sea points in the meridians were measured 3 times by physiograph. Results : Measurements were analyzed by statistical factor analysis, we obtained that the left side electric potential of well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians in AP group was divided into two factors, which were the hand meridian without the lung meridian, the foot meridian and the lung meridian, but the right side electric potential was divided into the hand and the foot meridian. In CH group both the left and the right side electric potential was divided into three factors. In CI group the left side electric potential was divided into three factors, but the right side electric potential was divided into two factors. Conclusions : In conclusion, their electrical potentials were different each other among 3 groups. Thus electrical potentials of well and sea points might be the representative meridian to show their characteristics.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.151-160
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• 2001

Objective : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials in twenty aged and fifty aged healthy volunteers groups at sleeping(SG) and awakening(AG), and then to find out the characteristic of meridian system among 2 groups. Methods : We selected who thirty healthy volunteers were diagnosed by a blood test, urine examination and differentiation of syndromes by five viscera(五臟辨證) among volunteers. Their electric potential of well and sea points in the meridians were simultaneously measured by physiograph. Results : Measurements were analyzed by statistical factor analysis, we obtained that the both left and right side electric potential of well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians were unclearly divided into four factors according to age and whether sleeping or not, which were the three Yin meridians of the hand, the three Yang channels of the hand, the three Yin meridians of the foot, and the three Yin meridians of the foot. Conclusion : In conclusion, using the sequently measuring method, we obtained that electrical potentials of well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians were divided into two factors, but the simultaneously measuring method, those were divided into four factors. The latter result means that the electrical potentials of twelve meridians were reflected by the function of the viscera and bowels.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2000

Objectives : The characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body. Therefore to measure the electric potentials in healthy volunteers and patients, and to find out the characteristic of meridian system and also to do that of differences between them. Methods : Twenty-nine healthy volunteers, thirty patients diagnosed as a cerebral infarction and wind-syndrome caused by hyperactivity of the liver-yang(肝陽化風) were examined into electric potential of well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians by physiograph. Results : Measurements were analyzed by factor analysis, then we obtained that both the right and the left electric potential of well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians in healthy volunteers were divided into two factors, hand meridian and foot meridian. Where as the left electric potential of those in patients with cerebral infarction were divided into three factors, one is foot meridian, another is hand meridian with the exception of large intestine meridian, and the other is large intestine meridian and also the right electric potential were divided into three factors, foot meridian, hand meridian with the exception of large intestine and lung meridian, and large intestine and lung meridian. Conclusions : In the results, healthy volunteers differ from patients in characteristic of electrical potentials, which means that we are able to catch the characteristic of meridian system by electrical potentials of well and sea points.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2002

Objectives : Assuming That the Characteristic of Meridian System Has Been Similar to This of Electric Potentials in Human Body and That Measurements of Electric Potential at Well and Sea Points in Branches of the Twelve Meridians Will Be Representative of Measurements of the Twelve Meridians, to Measure the Electric Potentials in Healthy Volunteers(HG), Patients Diagnosed As a Cerebral Infarction(CG), a Arrhythmia(AG), a Other Intervertebral Disc Disorder(IG), and a Joint Disorder(JG), and Then to Find Out the Characteristic of Biophysical Meridian System, Finally to Compare with the Results of the Electric Potential in Those Groups. Methods : We Selected Who HG Were Diagnosed by a Blood Test, Urine Examination and Differentiation of Syndromes by Five Viscera among Volunteers, CG by CT and Wind-Syndrome Caused by Hyperactivity of the Liver-Yang, AG by EKG, CT, and Deficiency or the Heart Blood, IG by X-ray or CT and Pain in Waist, and JG by X-ray and Knee Pain. Their Electric Potential of Well and Sea Points in the Meridians Were Measured by hysiograph. Results and Conclusions : Measurements Were Analyzed by Factor Analysis, Analysis of Variance, and Logistic Regression Model, We Obtained That Most of the Results, In Conclusion, Hold Good for the Classical Meridian Doctrine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.101-111
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• 2004

Objective : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea (合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians(WSBTM) will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials of 13 patients with Lumbago due to strain and contusion(좌섬요통<挫閃腰痛>, LSC), to find out the characteristic of meridian system in patients with LSC. Methods : Electric potentials of well and sea points in the meridians in twenty one patients with the pain in the lion diagnosed as LSC were repeatedly measured by physiograph(PowerLab). Measurements of those electrical potentials were analyzed by factor analysis. Results : The electric potentials of WSBTM at the left side were divided into four factors. On the other hand those at the right side Were divided into four factors. Conclusion : In conclusion, their electrical potentials at the left and right side were factors which are different from each side. Thus electrical potentials of well and sea points might be the representative meridian to show their characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2000

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelves meridians will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials in twenty healthy volunteers when they were sleeping or waking respectively, to do significance test for electric potential of meridian system between hand and foot meridian, yin and yang meridian, exterior and interior of the body, and among the five elements. Methods : When twenty healthy volunteers were sleeping, their electric potentials of well and sea points in branches of the twelve meridians were simultaneously measured by physiograph. After a minute we measured them again, totally 5 times. And then when they were waking, their electric potentials were measured 5 times by the above method. Results : Measurements were analyzed by statistical t-test, we obtained that the left side electric potential of hand or yin meridian was significantly different from that of foot or yang meridian both sleeping and waking. The right side of electric potential was the same result as the left side's. Most of the t-test was significant between exterior and interior of the body, and among the five elements. That meaned that it was partly possible to apply the ancient theory of meridians to the study of electric potential at well and sea points in branches of the twelves meridians.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.111-120
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• 2004

Objective : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea (合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians(WSBTM) will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials of 13 patients with Facial Hemiparalysis (구안와사<口眼蝸斜>, FH), to find out the characteristic of meridian system in patients with AK. Methods : Electric potentials of well and sea points in the meridians in twenty one patients with the pain in the lion diagnosed as FH were repeatedly measured by physiograph(PowerLab). Measurements of those electrical potentials were analyzed by factor analysis. Results : The electric potentials of WSBTM at the left side were divided into five factors. On the other hand those at the right side Were divided into four factors. Conclusions : In conclusion, their electrical potentials at the left and right side were each other five and four factors. Thus electrical potentials of well and sea points might be the representative meridian to show their characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.21-30
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• 2004

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelve meridians(WSBTM) will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials of 13 patients with Arthroncus of Knee(슬안풍<膝眼風>, AK), to find out the characteristic of meridian system in patients with AK. Methods : Electric potentials of well and sea points in the meridians in twenty one patients with the pain in the lion diagnosed as AK were repeatedly measured by physiograph(PowerLab). Measurements of those electric potentials were analyzed by factor analysis. Results : Their electric potentials at the left and right side were factors which are different from each side. In the left side, Factor 1 included Small Intestine, Pericardium, Spleen, Kidney meridian, and Factor 2 included Heart, Tripple Energizer, Bladder, Liver meridian. Factor 3 included Large Intestine, Stomach, Gall bladder meridian, and Factor 4 included Lung meridian. In the right side, Factor 1 included Heart, Pericardium, Tripple Energizer, Spleen, Bladder meridian and Factor 2 included Lung, Liver, Gall bladder meridian. Factor 3 included Small Intestine, Stomach, Kidney meridian and Factor 4 included Large Intestine Meridian. Conclusions : The electric potentials of AK differ from those of normal bodies as well as of bodies with other diseases-shoulder lesions, waist lesions, Lumbago due to Strain and Contusion-. Thus electric potentials of well and sea points might be the representative meridian to show their characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.85-103
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• 2001

Objectives : Assuming that the characteristic of meridian system has been similar to this of electric potentials in human body and that measurements of electric potential at well(井穴) and sea(合穴) points in branches of the twelves meridians will be representative of measurements of the twelve meridians, to measure the electric potentials in twenty aged(TAG) and fifty aged(FAG) healthy volunteers groups when they were sleeping or awakening respectively, to do significance test for electric potential of meridian system among circadian rhythms(CR) and Sasang constitutions(SC). Methods : We selected who thirty healthy volunteers were diagnosed by a blood test, urine examination and differentiation of syndromes by five viscera among volunteers. When they were sleeping, their electric potentials of well and sea points in branches of the twelve meridians were simultaneously measured by physiograph. After a minute we measured them again, totally 5 times. And then when they were awakening, their electric potentials were measured 5 times by the above method. Results : Measurements were analyzed by statistical ANOVA test, we obtained that some of the electric potentials of TAG at sleeping significantly varied with CR, SC, and at awakening some of the electric potentials of FAG also significantly did with CR, SC.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.12-23
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• 2002

Objective : Assuming That the Characteristic of Meridian System Has been Similar to This of Electric Potentials in Human Body And that Measurements of Electric Potential at Well(井穴) and Sea(合穴) Points in Branches of the Twelve Meridians(WSBTM) Will Be Representative of Measurements of the Twelve Meridians, to Measure the Electric Potentials of 21 Patients with Shoulder Lesions, And Aching of Shoulder and Arm(肩臂痛)(ASA), to Be Differences in Electric Potentials of Patients Between Before And After Acupuncture Treatment, And Then to Find out the Characteristic of Meridian System in Patients with Shoulder Lesions. Methods : Electric Potentials of Well And Sea Points in the Meridians in Twenty one Patients with ASA Diagnosed by Both x-ray And Self View on Pain at Shoulder And Arm were Repeatedly Measured by Physiograph(PowerLab) at Before And after Acupuncture Treatment, Respectively. Measurements of Those Electrical Potentials Were Analyzed by Factor Analysis. Results : The Electric Potentials of WSBTM At the Left Side Before Acupuncture Treatment Were Divided Into Five Factors, But Those After Acupuncture Treatment Were Done Into Four Factors. On The Other Hand Those At the Right Side Before Acupuncture Treatment Were Divided Into Four Factors, The Number of Factors After Acupuncture Treatment Was Five. Conclusions : In Conclusions, The Number of Factors Before Acupuncture Treatment Are Different from Those After Acupuncture Treatment. In the Results The Effect of Acupuncture Treatment May be Reflected in Measurements of Electric Potential at WSBTM.