• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

A newly-structured Korean pharmacist license exam has been launched in 2015, reflecting upon the changes in the pharmacy curriculum from a 4 year program to a 6 year program in 2009. In order to provide new ideas to ensure that the new exam is one of the most effective pharmacist evaluations that have taken place thus far, this study was done to compare the pharmacy exams in Korea and Canada. One of the major differences noted between the two countries' exams is that along with paper based MCQ portion of the exam, Canada's exam also includes a performance-based section, known as OSCE, which the Korean Pharmacy Exam (KPE) does not have. Furthermore, with the MCQ portion of the exam, the Canadian exam asks about 300 questions, with 450 minutes of test time allocated and taken during a period of two consecutive days, the KPE asks 350 questions, with 325 minutes of test time allocated in one day. Although, similarly, many of the questions in both exams place emphasis on clinical or patient care, Canada's exam puts significantly more emphasis (50.5% of exam questions) on these types of questions than Korea (29.7% of exam questions). However, this percentage does not reflect the exact weight placed for the specific areas of knowledge it requires to answer these questions, since the types of questions asked in this section in Canada could be placed in another section on the KPE. Canada's exam also has more questions (10% +150 questions for BC) on the topics of law and ethics compared to the KPE (5.7%). The reason for this may be that the Canadian society puts emphasis on the legal and ethical duties of pharmacists as a leader. However, since each country is unique in their social, economical, and cultural points of view, comparing the KPE to the Canadian licensing exam and applying these differences to the new KPE may not be appropriate. One last thing to consider is that, as WHO/FIP mentioned, in good pharmacy practice, continually updating and developing an appropriate pharmacy exam with consideration of societal changes, is key to success in developing the scope of practice for current and future pharmacists.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2022

온라인 시험은 시간과 공간에 제약이 없다. 수험자의 시험 장소가 별도로 필요하지 않고, 시험 장소로의 이동에 필요한 시간과 비용이 들지 않는다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 온라인 시험은 개별적 환경에서 시험을 진행하기 때문에 다양한 부정행위가 가능하다는 단점이 있다. 그리고 시험 감독 방법이 부족하여 부정행위 탐지에 어려움이 있다. 또 시험 과정과 결과 데이터가 디지털 데이터로만 존재하여 시험 결과 위조 여부 확인을 위해 매건 해당 시험 결과가 저장된 서버에서 직접 확인해야 하는 번거로움이 있고 악의적으로 시험과 관련 데이터를 변경한 경우 진위 확인이 불가하다. 본 연구에서는 부정행위 탐지를 위해 시험 진행 관련 데이터를 블록체인에 저장하는 블록체인 기반 온라인 시험 부정행위 탐지 시스템을 개발하여 온라인 시험의 신뢰도를 높이고자 하였다. 실험을 통해 시험 결과 위변조 부정행위가 탐지됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2014

본 연구는 CT로 흉부와 복부를 모두 검사하는 사람들을 대상으로 흉 복부를 1회에 통합으로 검사하는 경우와 2회에 걸쳐 흉부와 복부로 분할 검사하는 경우의 피폭선량을 비교하여 두 검사방법 간 피폭선량에 차이가 있는지 확인하고 이를 토대로 흉 복부 통합검사의 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 2013년 7월 1일부터 2014년 3월까지 E종합병원에 내원하여 흉부와 복부 CT 검사를 시행한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 분석결과 성별에 따른 선량 분석에서 흉 복부 통합 검사 시 남성이 받는 유효 선량은 $33.10{\pm}2.75mSv$, 여성이 받는 유효 선량은 $31.66{\pm}3.12mSv$으로 나타났고, 흉부 단독 검사 시 남성이 받는 유효 선량은 $9.07{\pm}2.62mSv$, 여성이 받는 유효 선량은 $8.30{\pm}2.18mSv$으로 나타나, 남성의 피폭량이 여성에 비해 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 동일 성별 내에서 통합검사 시의 피폭량과 분할검사 시 피폭량의 합은 차이를 나타내지 않았고(p > 0.05), 각 검사 별 피폭선량은 통합검사, 흉부 단독 검사, 복부 단독 검사 시에 모두 환자권고선량(DRL) 보다 높았다(p < 0.05). 결론적으로 흉 복부 통합 검사는 분할검사 시와 비교하여 피폭선량에 차이가 없었으며, 주기적으로 흉부와 복부 CT 검사를 실시하여 추적조사를 시행하는 환자와 응급 외상환자 등에게 검사에 소요되는 시간을 줄여주고 조영제의 부작용 위험의 가능성을 줄여 줄 수 있는 유용성이 있다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.791-798
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate degree of national exam's stress, symptom of temporomanibular disorder(TMD) in allied health students and relationship between of them. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 305 students of dental hygiene and physical therapy in Chungbuk and Gyeongnam in December 2015. Except incomplete questionnaire, 260 data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 program. The study instruments consisted of subjective symptom of temporomandibular disorder, bad habit of mouth and degree of national exam's stress. Results: National exam stress was higher in female and subjective unhealthy students(p<0.05). High group and usual group on national exams's stress showed high subjective symptom(p<0.05). National exam's stress were related to subjective symptom of TMD and bad habit of mouth(p<0.05, p<0.01). Subjective symptom of TMD were related to bad habits of mouth(p<0.01). Conclusion: The degree of stress, TMD and bad habits of mouth on national exam test was high. therefore, it is important to manage the national exam's stress and to develop program in order to reduce the national exam's stress in allied health students.

• 아동학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2010

The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of children's ego-resilience and social support on exam anxiety and school adjustment. The subjects of this study were 534, $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ grade students (275 boys and 259 girls) from the Pusan area. The results of this study revealed that the levels of Ego-resilience and social support correlated negatively with exam anxiety, and positively with school adjustment. Therefore the more ego-resilience and social support children felt that they had, the lower the levels of exam anxiety they experience, and the higher their levels of school adjustment. The influence of ego-resilience on exam anxiety was higher than that of social support and the influence of ego-resilience on school adjustment was similar to that of social support. The implications of the present study were also discussed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2016

Background: Nurses are the most visible, frontline personnel providing health education to patients. In particular, nurse experience with Pap examinations have the potential to influence women's attitudes toward screening for cervical cancer. However, nurses in Taiwan have lower rates of Pap testing than the general population. Understanding the factors predicting nurse intent to have a Pap exam and Pap exam status would inform interventions and policies to increase their Pap exam uptake. Therefore, the present study was undertaken. Materials and Methods: Data were collected by questionnaire from a convenient sample of 504 nurses at a regional hospital in central Taiwan between August and October 2011 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and logistic regression. Results: Nurse intention to have a Pap exam was predicted by younger age, less negative attitudes toward Pap exams, and greater influence of others recommendations. However, nurses were more likely to actually have had a Pap exam if they were older, married, had sexual experience, and had a high intention to have a Pap exam. Conclusions: Nurses who are younger than 34 years old, unmarried, sexually inexperienced, and with low intention to have a Pap exam should be targeted with interventions to educate them not only about the importance of Pap exams in detecting cervical cancer, but also about strategies to decrease pain and embarrassment during exams. Nurses with less negative attitudes and experiences related to Pap exams would serve as role models to persuade women to have Pap exams, thus increasing the uptake rate of Pap exams in Taiwan.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2016

Beam hardening artifact can be caused by metal material when performing PET exam. Therefore, we studied a solution decreasing artifact caused by metallic dental implant. The higher voltage, the lesser artifact in CT exam. But Higher voltage dosen't affect PET exam. The thicker silicon the lesser artifact in CT and PET exam. Both methods make less artifact in CT and PET exam. But considering safety of patient, the way of using silicon is better.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2007

Students in cyber universities can take every course because there are no physical constraints such as class rooms. On the other hand. cyber universities should take a heavy burden to schedule real-time exams in a designated time period. Any two courses a student takes must not be simultaneously allocated to a time slot in such a schedule. It is well known that the complexity of this kind of scheduling problem increases exponentially as the number of courses does. This research provides a heuristic method to make on-line real-time exam timetables with minimal exam time span. It considers the constraint of not allocating courses a student takes to simultaneous exam time and prioritizes courses by the number of students.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2013

Objective: Clinical measures that quantify upper extremity function are needed for the accurate evaluation of patients and to plan an intervention strategy. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-Motor Exam and upper extremity performance as a quantifying clinical tool of upper extremity function in persons with Parkinson's disease. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Thirty-two idiopathic Parkinson's Disease persons participated in this study. To investigate the relationship between the UPDRS-motor exam, Box and Block test (BBT), and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) by two physical therapists. The examination took up to 1 hour, and the participants were invited to rest between each clinical measure in order to minimize the effects of fatigue. Clinical measures were assessed while the subjects were in the "on" phase of their medication cycle, generally 1-3 hour after taking their anti-Parkinson's medications. Results: In more affected side, the UPDRS-motor exam was significantly negative correlated with the BBT (p<0.05) but it was not significantly correlated with the ARAT. In less affected side, only positively correlation was significantly shown between BBT and ARAT (p<0.05). On the other hand, between BBT and ARAT were not significantly correlated with the UPDRS-motor exam. Conclusions: The UPDRS-motor exam is effective tool which was significantly correlated with manual dexterity in more affected upper extremity. But The UPDRS-motor exam is not effective tool in less affected upper extremity.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.359-371
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 교원임용 시험을 준비하고 있는 기간제 교사들의 교직생활과 삶을 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 10명의 기간제 교사들을 대상으로 반구조화된, 일대일 면담을 진행하였고, 합의적 질적 연구 방법을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 대부분의 참여자들은 경제적 필요를 충족시키고 자신의 꿈인 교사생활의 기쁨과 보람을 맛보며, 임용 시험에 실질적인 도움을 얻고자 기간제 교사직을 선택한 것으로 나타났다. 기간제 교사생활에서 경험하는 어려움으로는 학교 관리자로부터의 차별 대우가 가장 두드러졌으며, 이로 인한 자존감의 저하와 정체성의 혼란을 겪고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이러한 차별이 오히려 임용 시험 준비에 대한 강한 의지로 전환되어 참여자들은 안정되고 당당한 교사 신분을 얻기 위해 임용시험준비에 전념하고 있다고 진술하였다. 하지만, 시험준비 과정에서 부족한 공부시간, 끝없는 공부양, 다양한 삶의 역할 수행, 체력 저하, 난해한 시험 유형, 이전 실패경험에서 오는 불안감 등으로 상당한 스트레스를 경험하는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과를 토대로 향후 연구의 방향에 대해 제언하였다.