• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.228-236
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum conditions of solvent extraction type and solvent concentration (60, 70, 80%, v/v), extraction time (30, 80, 130 mins) and extraction temperature (10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$) in order to increase the antioxidant activity of the chia seed. The total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity was measured by using response surface methodology (RSM) to establish the optimal conditions. Using ethanol and methanol extractions at extraction concentrations of 60%, and time and temperature of 130 mins and $20^{\circ}C$, the maximum total polyphenol content was 871.00 mg% ($R^2=0.9507$) and 557.70 mg% ($R^2=0.9784$) for ethanol and methanol extraction respectively. Using the same extraction conditions, the maximum level of DPPH radical scavenging activity was 72.14% ($R^2=0.9675$) and 52.79% ($R^2=0.9524$) for ethanol and methanol extraction respectively. The results indicate that ethanol extracts showed a higher antioxidant activity than methanol extracts. The ethanol extraction conditions of response surface analysis (RSA) were affected more by ethanol concentration than by extraction time or temperature. In contrast, the methanol extraction conditions of response surface analysis (RSA) were affected more by extraction time. Based on the RSM, the optimum ethanol extraction conditions were the following: extraction concentration, 63%: time, 100 mins: and temperature, $18^{\circ}C$. The optimum methanol extraction conditions were the following: extraction concentration, 65%; time, 120 mins; and temperature, $16^{\circ}C$.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.238-247
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• 2005

The placement of different graft materials and/or the use of occlusive membranes to cover the extraction socket entrance are techniques aimed at reducing alveolar ridge resorption and enhancing bone formation. However, in spite of its clinical advantage, the use of graft materials in fresh extraction socket has been questioned because particles of the grafted material have been found in alveolar sockets with fibrous union. The purposes of this study were to evaluate whether alveolar ridge resorption following tooth extraction could be reduced and bone formation could be enhanced by the application of absorbable gelatin spongy or gelatin spongy soaked with platelet rich plasma(PRP) used as a space filler in clinical and radiographic aspects. Eighty patients who were scheduled for extraction of both third molars were participated and carried out by one experienced surgeon. Following extraction of teeth, one extracted socket were treated with gelatin spongy as an experimental group A and the other were treated with gelatin spongy and PRP as an experimental group B. The routine extracted socket were healed without any treatment as a control group. From the period of extraction to 12 weeks postoperatively, we examined the clinical course and radiographic evaluation on socket at regular interval. Both experimental groups showed faster wound healing process than control clinically. Vertical gingival height of the extraction socket were less changed statistically in both experimental groups than control. The horizontal width change of the extraction socket were not significant statistically in any group. Radiographic changes of the alveolar bone height were less changed in both experimental groups and bone density were showed higher than control. There were a little difference between experimental group A and B. In conclusion, absorbable gelatin sponge and with PRP were considered as having preservation effects of extraction socket and stimulation of bone formation process after extraction.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.307-312
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• 2000

Physiologically active material ${\beta}$-glucan extracted from mushroom has an antitumor effect. Agaricus blazei murill(A blazel) fruiting bodies were reported to contain large amounts of ${\beta}$-glucan. The purpose of this study was to maximize ${\beta}$-glucn extraction from A. blazei by microwave assisted extraction method. Optimal extraction conditions were obtained under various extraction time and applied power which was examined as 200, 500 and 650 watt. The structure and concentrations of the raffinates were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR) and infrared spectroscopy(IR) It was proved that the extraction yield of microwave assisted extraction method was higher than that of conventional solvent extraction method. It was also observed that microwave assisted extraction method requires less amounts of solvents and extraction time compared to the conventional solvent extraction method.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.325-329
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• 2018

In this study, polyphenols were extracted from Angelica, which are known to have a high antioxidant content and the extraction process was optimized using the response surface methodology. The extraction yield and the total polyphenols were set as response values for the methodology. Quantitative factors in the extraction process were the extraction time, volume ratio of alcohol/ultrapure water, and extraction temperature. When considering both the main and interaction effects, the greatest influence factor on the extraction yield and total polyphenols was the extraction time. The optimum extraction time and temperature and alcohol/ultrapure water volume ratio for angelica were 2.8 h, $56.6^{\circ}C$ and 64.0 vol% respectively. The extraction yield and total polyphenols when using the conditions were calculated to be 24.6% and 8.76 mg GAE/g. respectively. Determination coefficients of regression equations for the extraction yield and total polyphenols were 81.4 and 75.4%, respectively. Also the overall satisfaction level was found to be 0.80 and the significance was confirmed within 5%.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.665-670
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• 2001

The solvent extraction of polyethylene glycol (PEG) by ethanol has been studied for the powder injection molded compacts of Sr-ferrite/PEG/carnauba wax/HDPE. The extraction rate of PEG is sensitively proportional to the solvent temperature whereas it is inversely proportional to the contents of PEG, the molecular weight of PEG. and the specimen thickness. The high extraction rate of PEG is achieved under the following conditions: solvent temperature of $70^{\circ}C$, PEG contents of 30%, and PEG molecular weight of 400 g/mol. In the early stage of solvent extraction, the non-linear relationship between the extraction rate and the square root of the extraction time indicates that the extraction of PEG does not follow the Fickian behavior. At extraction times longer than 180 min. however, the extraction of PEG follows the Fickian behavior. The extraction fate of PEG by ethanol is about$1.0{ imes}10^{-6}g/cm^2sec$ enough for common applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.34-40
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• 2000

A multisample extraction device was newly designed for efficient extraction of dissolved lipophillic organic compounds from sea water sample. This device allowed extraction of organic compounds from up to 96 sample at a time using 96 multifolder on the principle of solid phase extraction with commercially available octadecyl silane (ODS) cartridges. The recovery yield of the new divice was higher than 90 % while that of conventional liquid-liquid extraction process are only 60 - 70 %. The amount of solvent required for the new device could be reduced to less than 20㎖ per 1ℓ of sample while 1 - 2 ℓ of solvent were used in the conventional liquid-liquid extraction process. The usefulness of this novel method was demonstrated with sea water samples collected from Yellow sea, and the qualitative and quantitative analyses results of the dissolved hydrocarbon showed this method was superior to that of conventional liquid-liquid extraction process in efficiency and reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.809-827
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• 2017

Steam explosion was applied to extract phenolic compounds from oak wood (Quercus mongolica). The effects of three independent factors (ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time) on the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity from the steam exploded oak wood were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were coded at three levels and their actual values were selected on the basis of preliminary experimental results. The following optimal extraction conditions were selected: ethanol concentration 82.0%, extraction temperature $71.7^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 60.5 min for total phenolic content; ethanol concentration 78.3%, extraction temperature $70.3^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 57.6 min for DPPH radical scavenging activity; ethanol concentration 80.6%, extraction temperature $68.4^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 59.0 min for antimicrobial activity. The experimental values agreed with those were predicted within confidence intervals indicating the suitability of RSM in optimizing the ethanol extraction of phenolic compounds from the steam exploded oak wood. Under the optimized conditions, the experimental value of the total phenolic content was 111.8 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was 65.7%, and antimicrobial activity was 17.0 mm, and those are reasonably close to the predicted values (109.2 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, 62.3% and 15.9 mm, respectively).

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2020

In this paper, we present to evaluate physiological activity of Asparagopsis armata extraction. After extraction with Asparagopsis armata using hydrothermal and supercritical carbon dioxide, various physiological activities were examined. The total concentration of polyphenol compounds was determined to be 18.85 mg/g of hydrothermal Asparagopsis armata extraction and 14.74 mg/g of supercritical Asparagopsis armata extraction. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, ascorbic acid was used as positive antioxidant control. In ABTS radical scavenging assay, ascorbic acid was used as positive antioxidant control. The percentage of inhibition and IC50 were measured. The IC50 of Asparagopsis armata extraction is 261.44ppm and the IC50 of supercritical Asparagopsis armata extraction is 153.98 ppm. The elastase inhibitory assay showed concentration dependence and the IC50 of hydrothermal Asparagopsis armata extraction is 3387 ppm and the IC50 of supercritical Asparagopsis armata extraction is higher than 2500 ppm. In mushroom tyrosinase inhibition experiments, tyrosinase inhibition's IC50 of supercritical Asparagopsis armata extraction was 248.06. In the SOD-like experiments, the concentration-dependent results were showed and IC50 of hydrothermal Asparagopsis armata extraction is 845.29 ppm. In the antimicrobial experiments, maximum clear zones of supercritical Asparagopsis armata extraction represented 23.00 mm in Propionibacterium acnes. In the other hand, in experiments with the same conditions, hydrothermal Asparagopsis armata extraction had no effect in all strains.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.203-213
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• 1996

In physical and reactive extraction system using equilibrium extraction equipment, the effects of extractants, concentration of extractant, and solvent on the degree of extraction were investigated. The organic acids used were acrylic acid and metacrylic acid. Extractants were n-octylamine(OA), di-n-octylamine(DOA), tri-n-octylamine(TOA) and tri-octylmetyl ammonium chloride(TOMAC ; Aliquat 336). We found that the degree of extraction for reactive extraction was 2~9 times than that for physical extraction and that effect of extractants on the degree of extraction of organic acid was the order of OA

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 2004

A lab-scale fundamental study to develop the solvent extraction process of ship wash wastewater containing TBT was carried out. For various solvents, including diesels for car and ship, bunker B, thinner, toluene, and ether, the extraction efficiencies of TBT from synthetic ship wash wastewater were compared The effect of extraction conditions, such as solvent amount, time and intensity of agitation, and pH, on the extraction efficiency of TBT was evaluated Diesel for ship showed better extraction efficiency of TBT than those of other tested solvents, and the proper amount of the extraction solvent for 1L of the wastewater was l0mL. When the agitation intensity was increased from 50rpm to 250rpm, the TBT remained in the wastewater after the extraction was decreased from around 120ppb to 2.8ppb. The remaining TBT in the wastewater was sharply decreased from 1hr of the extraction time, but was slightly increased again after 5hrs of the extraction time. The efficiency of TBT extraction was good in the weak acid range of pH, but was not significant as much as the others.