• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.293-296
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• 2011

This survey was conducted to promote the environment-friendly use and recycling of livestock feces by obtaining information about the current state of livestock feces composts manufactured in Gyeonggi Province. Therefore, some aspects of quality and manufacturing techniques of livestock feces composts (LFCs) were examined especially in relation to the LFCs quality standard (LQS). By surveying the 70 composting plants in Gyeonggi Province, the total commercial production of LFCs in 2008 was estimated to be about $480,000Mg\;year^{-1}$ and they were manufactured mainly by using both mechanical mixer and bottom air blower. LFCs were composed mainly of chicken feces 29.2%, pig+chicken feces 23.1%, pig feces 20.0%, livestock feces+oil cake 12.3%, pig+chicken+cattle feces 10.8% and pig+cattle feces 4.6%. On the basis of the current official standard which was revised on March 2010, 11 composts out of surveyed 76 ones did not meet the LQS due to inadequate content of water (5), OM/N (1), NaCl (2) and Zn (3). The satisfaction rate to LQS by manufacturers was 100% in the composts produced by farmer's cooperative societies, 80.7% by civil factories, and 44.4% by farming guilds, respectively. The OM/N declined by adding chicken feces and oil cake, while Ca content was increased by the addition of chicken feces and NaCl was increased by adding cattle feces.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 1992

Treatment of poultry feces with Tolura sp. CH-30 produced a material that was significantly deodorized and showed a promotive effect on plant growth. Tolura sp. CH-30 grew on the poultry feces, deodorizing the feces by assimilation of volatile fatty acids, which are the source of the offensive odor, as a carbon source. Significant degradation of uric acid also occurred. In the treatment of feces with Tolura sp. CH-30, it was possible to deodorize feces in a short time, but reduction in the amount of urate-N was not enough. Urate-N inhibited plant growth due to an excessive nitrogen content produced as a result of rapid decomposition. Therefore, we propose a recycle-treatment plan using poultry feces treated with Tolura sp. CH-30. After the recycle-treatment, the amount of urate-N contained in the recycle-treated poultry feces was small and the recycle-treated poultry feces showed a promotive effect on plant growth when it was added at a nitrogen content of 1.6 g/600 g soil/pot.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.10-19
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• 2007

1. Objectives The purpose of this study was to search the descriptions of feces in the text of Lee, Je-Ma for the physiological feces and pathological feces in constitutional medicine. 2. Methods We searched the descriptions of feces mentioned in the text of $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowonsasangchobongwon$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowongabobon$\lrcorner$, and $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowonsinchukbon$\lrcorner$ and classified the feces into physiological feces and pathological feces by the solidity, color, impurities of feces, and the frequency of defecation. 3. Results For Soyangin and Taeyangin, there are formal descriptions of feces related to the constipation in Dongyisusebowon sasang chobongwon, but for Soeumin and Taeumin, there is not formal description of feces related to the constipation in $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowonsasangchobongwon$\lrcorner$ and for all 4 Type Constitution, there are various formal descriptions of feces related to the diarrhea in $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowonsasangchobongwon$\lrcorner$. For all 4 Type Constitution, there are various formal descriptions of feces related to the constipation in $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowongabobon$\lrcorner$, except Taeumin. and for all 4 Type Constitution, yhere are various formal descriptions of feces related to the diarrhea in $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowongabobon$\lrcorner$. For Soeumin, especially there are the formal descriptions of color and impurities of feces. For all 4 Type Constitution, there are various formal descriptions of feces related to the constipation and the diarrhea in $\ulcorner$Dongyisusebowonsinchukbon$\lrcorner$. For Soeumin, especially there are formal descriptions of color and impurities of feces. 4. Conclusions The diarrhea in Soeumin is serious illness rather than the constipation, and the constipation in Soyangin is serious illness rather than diarrhea. Especially In Yin Exhausted Syndrome in Soyangin, the diarrhea is the important standard of diagnosis in Soyangin's constitutional symptom. The description of feces in Taeumin is not systematic, compared with Soeumin's and Soyangin's. The description of feces in Taeyangin is not yet scientifically established compared with Soeumin's, Soyangin's, Taeumin's.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.142-150
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• 2012

Objectives: To estimate the multi-antibiotic resistant bacterial contaminant load discharged from livestock farms, we randomly selected livestock farms specializing in cattle, swine, and fowl and collected bacterial strains from domesticated animal feces and compost samples. Problems with resistance to antibiotics are becoming worldwide issues, and as the consumption of antibiotics appears to be excessive in Korea as well, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria shows the possibility to cause potentially serious social problems. Methods: To monitor multi-antibiotic resistant bacterial constituents, aerobic bacteria and Escherichia coli were isolated from domesticated animal feces and compost. Antibiotic resistance testing was performed by the disc diffusion method using 13 different antibiotics. Results: Examining the degree of sensitivity to antibiotics of the aerobic bacteria originating from domesticated animal feces, fowl feces showed the highest distribution rate (35.5%), followed by swine feces compost (23.1%), swine feces (18.2%), cattle feces (14.9%), and cattle feces compost (8.2%). Antibiotic resistance tests of aerobic bacteria and E. coli originating from domestic animals feces resulted in 83.6% and 73.5% of each strain showing resistance to more than one antibiotic, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that increasing multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment has a close relation to the reckless use of antibiotics in livestock.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2013

In this study, a current condition of human feces-collecting and transporting business of local government was investigated using statistical data to efficiently derive proper systematic management plan for human feces-collecting and transporting business. According to the data for human feces-collecting and transporting business from 2006 to 2010, it turned out that the number of people working in this field and the amount of human feces produced and processed were decreased. They were decreased by 292 places, 1,077 employees, $904m^3/day$, and $121m^3/day$, respectively. In addition, the number of human feces-collecting and transporting business has been decreased causing an extra amount of manpower and the number of employees working in the field decreased. In this study, the reasons for financial difficulties of human feces-collecting and transporting business were analyzed. Finally the alternative plans were suggested to replace currently closed business due to management deterioration.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.38-42
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• 2000

This study was performed to define the effects of the cattle feces on aerobic composting of food wastes in vessel system. Weights of cattle feces added to food wastes of 3kg were 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50kg, respectively. Reactors were operated with stirring for 1 hour per day by 1rpm and aeration for 2 hours per day. When the weight of cattle feces was increased, the highest temperature of sample was increased, the duration period of higher temperature was elongated, and the fluctuatio of pH was severs. When the weight of cattle feces was decreased, the final density was increased. The more cattle feces were added, the more porosity was increased, C/N ratio, salinity and conductivity were decreased. There facts denotes that the addition of cattle feces increases the efficiency of composting process and the final product of composting, namely compost.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2021

This study is designed according to the fact that the feces presumed to be from a Prionailurus bengalensis was found in Ulleungdo Island, where Prionailurus bengalensis is not known to inhabit, and that visual observation of the feces may cause errors in species identification. The feces observed in Ulleungdo Island on October 21, 2019 and August 29, 2020, in Gyeongju on December 4, 2020, and in Jecheon on December 7, 2020 was found intactly on grass, not buried in the ground. Although it was difficult to distinguish and identify the feces of Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis with visual observation, the feces collected from Ulleungdo Island was closely related to the Felis catus according to the genetic analysis whereas the ones collected from Gyeongju and Jecheon was identified from Prionailurus bengalensis. Therefore through the gene analysis, this study proved that visual observation of feces with similar appearance, specifically the feces found in Ulleungdo Island, Gyeongju, and Jecheon, may cause errors in species identification. It is judged to be necessary to analyze fields signs and genes for the species identification when using the feces of Felis catus and Prionailurus bengalensis.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2002

We have examined the purgative effect of three Jechun-jun formulas in sprague dawley(SD) rat. Three jechun-jun formulas were Jechun-jun(Sample I ) and augmented Jechun-jun(Sample II) and augmented Jechun-jun add rhubarb(sample III ). We examined the amount and the humidity of feces in rat. The experimental animals were devided into four groups. as control group and three Jechun-jun (sample I, II, III). We administerd the water extract of sample I, II, III to rat per oral for 8days long. After every 24hours measured the amount of wet feces from rats in metabolic cage. Humidity rate of feces from rat was at first measure wet feces for 24hours (W) and measure dried feces (W1) and then we consider W-W1 as humidity. High humidity rate means constipation changes into moistening stool. The amount of wet feces and humidity rate of feces in rats were increased in sample I, II, III. Sample I has highest humidity rate of feces. so showed strong moistening effect. Sample II has mild effect in treating constipation. sample III has most amount of wet feces. in conclusion Jechun-jun has an effect of moistening stool. and augmented Jechun-jun add rhubarb has strong purgative effect.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.309-314
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• 1975

In survey for internal parasites of 395 heads of swine by fecal examination at ict, incidences of each parasite were obtained as follows: Giardia lamblia 1.0% Entamoehaspp. 55.4 Eimeria& Isospora spp. 22.5 Balantidium coli 66.6 Metastrongylus elongatus 17.6 Ascaris suum 25.6 Oesophagostomun dentatum 29.1 Hyostrongylus ryubidus 14.6 Trichuris suis 4.2 Strongyloides ransomi 7.2 Mecistocirrus digitatus 1.0 Check-list for the internal parasites of swine made by all the materials repor years from 1920 to 1975 in Korea is as follows: No. Parasites Habitat References 1. Ascaris lumbricoides small intestine Kawamura(1923) 2. Oesophagostomum dentatum large intestine Kawamura(1923) 3. Echinococcus veterinorum lung & liver Kawamura(1923) 4. Cysticercus cellulosae muscle Yunoba(1923) 5. Sarcooystis sp. muscle Arahayase(1927) 6. Entamoeba polecki intestine Kuwabara(1931) 7. Balantidium coli large intestine Huruyama(1931) 8. Metastrongylus elongatus lung Lee(1956) 9. Gongylonema pulckrum oesophagus Isshiki(1960) 10. Ascarops strongylina stomach Isshiki(1960) 11. Cysticercus tenuicollis peritoneum Isshiki(1960) 12. Cysticercus bovis? diaphragm Isshiki(1960) 13. Toxoplasma gondii interna organs Mun(1960) 14. Trichuris suis large intestine Lee et al.(1963) 15. Stephamirus dentatus feces Lee et al.(1963) 16. Spirometra mansonides fat layer of muscle Jang(1964) 17. Hyostrongylus rubidus stomach Kim et al.(1969) 18. Strongyloides ransomi feces Kim et al.(1969) 19. Eimeria perminuta feces Jang(1972) 20. E. debrieki feces Jang(1972) 21. E. polita feces Jang(1972) 22. E. scabra feces Jang(1972) 23. E. scrofae feces Jang(1972) 24. Isospora suis feces Jang(1972) 25. Entamoeba coli feces Jang(1975) 26. Mecistocirrus digitatus feces Jang(1975) 27. Giardia lamblia feces Jang(1975).

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2004

If it does not underestimata the livestock feces, it is analyzed that thc potential energy of consumption is sufficient. If consequently economic value evaluation of the livestock feces, environmentally use, the use of opportune and proper quantity, the logistics system development which connected the transportation and scattering, environmentally plan of public control facilities for livestock feces as a precondition of livestock feces consuming is been sufficient, the livestock feces problem of both farmhouse and the area which occurs excessively will be solve more economically and will be the possibility resources more efficiently as chemical fertilizer transfer.