• Food Engineering Progress
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.6-14
• /
• 2011

The polysaccharides from fruit body of Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis were extracted using hot water, and partially purified through ethanol precipitation and dialysis. Free radical scavenging activities of the crude and purified polysaccharides were examined and compared each other. Free radical scavenging activities of the partially purified polysaccharides were higher than those of crude polysaccharides. DPPH free radical, ABTS radical and SOD-like activities of partially purified polysaccharide at 1 mg/mL of concentration from A. auricula were 61.7, 9.6 and 38.9%, respectively, while those of T. fuciformis were 9.6, 5.7 and 15.3%, respectively. Results of site and non-site specific hydroxyl radical scavenging activities indicated that the partially purified polysaccharide fractions from A. auricula and T. fuciformis exhibited the hydroxyl radical scavenging effect by hydrogen donating ability and iron ion chelating ability. Also, reducing powers of A. auricula and T. fuciformis were 77.1 and 14.7% of BHT (0.1%) as standard, respectively. It was suggested that antioxidant activities of A. auricula were about 1.4~6.4 times higher than those of T. fuciformis due to different levels of polyphenol content.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 2019

Antioxidant activities of Ulmus davidiana root and bark extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant tests, including DPPH radical-scavenging, nitric oxide-scavenging, superoxide anion radical-scavenging, and ABTS radical-scavenging assays, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and reducing power analysis, along with the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Both the extracts showed strong antioxidant activities by these testing methods. Ulmus davidiana root extract possessed strong reducing power and nitric oxide-scavenging activity, and high scavenging activities against free radicals including the superoxide anion, and the ABTS and DPPH radicals, but a weaker scavenging activity of SOD. In contrast, the Ulmus davidiana bark extract exhibited a strong SOD-like activity, but all the other activities were weak. It was observed that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the Ulmus davidiana root extract were higher than those of the Ulmus davidiana bark extract.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.95-99
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study were carried out to investigate the anti-oxidative activities of $\gamma$-SPE(gamma irradiated shell of Persicae semen extract with ethanol). Methods : Anti-oxidative was measured by DPPH free radical scavenging activities, nitric oxide radical scavenging activities, SOD-like activities, xanthine oxidase radical scavenging activities, nitrite scavenging activities and tyrosinase inhibition activities. Results : Effects of free radial scavenging was increased by irradiation. Tyrosinase inhibition activities was decreased by $\gamma$-SPE. Conclusions : Results suggested that $\gamma$-SPE have a potential as a new anti-oxidative material.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2006

The essential oil (EC-oil) obtained from the buds of Eugenia caryophyllata (Myrtaceae) was examined for its free radical-scavenging activity, cytotoxicity, and in vivo toxicity. To find the xenobiotic properties of EC-oil, serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level and hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were measured. It was found that EC-oil displayed xenobiotic properties like bromobenzene. The cytotoxicities of eugenol and of the EC-oil were greatly attenuated by the sulfhydryl-containing N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), suggesting that eugenol was susceptible to nucleophilic sulfhydryl. In addition, eugenol also showed potent free radical-scavenging activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Moreover, methyleugenol considerably exhibited less cytotoxicity and less potent free radical-scavenging activity than eugenol, and the cell viability of the methyleugenol was more increased with NAC treatment than the eugenol. These results indicate that the phenolic OH in eugenol may play a crucial role in both cytotoxicity and free radical-scavenging activity. The fashion on oxidative stress and hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities of eugenol resembled those of bromobenznene.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2019

This study examined the quality characteristics of brown rice Sulgidduk containing acorn powder and the optimal mixing rate (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). The moisture contents of brown rice Sulgidduk increased with increasing amount of acorn powder. The DPPH free radical scavenging activities (16.15%~28.06%) and ABTS free radical scavenging activities (22.98%~42.81%) of the brown rice Sulgidduk increased with increasing acorn powder content. The L value of the Hunter's color value decreased with increasing amount of acorn powder. The hardness and chewiness of brown rice Sulgidduk increased with increasing amount of acorn powder. The brown rice Sulgidduk containing 10% acorn powder showed the highest score with regard to the sensory characteristics. These results suggest that the most desirable amount of acorn powder is 10% and the addition of acorn powder could contribute positively toward the quality characteristics of brown rice Sulgidduk.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.124-127
• /
• 2006

This study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Thamnolia vermicularis. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities were studied. The antioxidant activity of the extract correlated with its concentration ($0.2{\sim}2\;mg/ml$) in the reaction mixtures containing linoleic acid. Upto 67% of lipid peroxidation was inhibited by 2 mg/ml of the lichen extract. The extract showed strong free radical scavenging activity similar to that of BRA (positive control) in a manlier of concentration dependent. The lichen extract also showed moderate effects on superoxide anoin scavenging activity and reducing power, which was not so effective as that of Quercetin and BHA used as positive controls. This study suggests that T. vermicularis lichen can be used as a novel source of natural antioxidant.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2021

Objective : This study was designed to investigate effect of immature fruits from Citrus unshiu Markovich to mature them on antioxidative and antiaging-related enzyme activities in vitro. Methods : Fruits from Open field-cultivated C. unshiu Markovich (ripe and unripe fruits of Citri) made a purchase in Jeju island. We measured total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in mature C. unshiu Markovich (MC) and immature C. unshiu Markovich (IMC) 70% ethanol extract. DPPH free radical, ABTS radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities in both extracts were determined. Also, reducing power, SOD-like activities, elastase inhibition, and collagenase inhibition activities of these extract were assayed at 5, 1, 0.5, and 0.1 mg/㎖. Results : The total polyphenol contents in the ethanol extract of IMC were higher than those of MC (26.99 ± 0.89 mg/TAEg). And total flavonoid contents in them were very similar to both extract (MC; 7.25 ± 0.4 mg/RUEg and IMC; 7.44 ± 0.18 mg/RUEg). DPPH free radical scavenging activities, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, and SOD-like activities of IMC-treated group showed significant increase compared to those of MC group in all treated concentrations. Particularly, DPPH free radical scavenging and elastase inhibition activities in IMC-treated group at 5 mg/㎖ showed similar with positive control group. Besides, IMC extract at 5 mg/㎖ concentration surpassed positive control (BHA or Vit. C) in SOD-like activities and ABTS radical scavenging capacity. Conclusion : These results suggest that IMC ethanol extract may be used as a natural antioxidant and a antiaging material for development of functional foods and cosmeceuticals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
• /
• 2001.09a
• /
• pp.94-94
• /
• 2001

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.197-209
• /
• 2004

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract of Caesalpinia bonducella leaves (MECB) (Family: Caesalpiniaceae). The effect of MECB on antioxidant activity, reducing power, free radical scavenging (DPPH radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging), total phenolic content and antimicrobial activities were studied. The antioxidant activity of MECB increased in a dose dependent manner. About 50, 100, 250 and 500 g of MECB showed 53.4, 61.2, 69.1 and 76.2 % inhibition respectively on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion. Like antioxidant activity, the effect of MECB on reducing power increased in a dose dependent manner. The free radical scavenging activity of MECB was determined by DPPH radical scavenging method. The potency of this activity was increased with increased amount of extract. MECB was found to inhibit the nitric oxide radicals generated from sodium nitroprusside $(IC_{50}\;=\;102.8\;g/ml)$ whereas the $IC_{50}$ value of curcumin was 20.4 g/ml. Moreover, the MECB was found to scavenge the superoxide generated by photoreduction of Riboflavin. MECB was also found to inhibit the hydroxyl radical generated by Fenton reaction, where the $IC_{50}$ value is 104.17 g/ml compared with catechin 5 g/ml, which indicates the antioxidant activity of MECB. The MECB capable of scavenging hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner. The amounts of total phenolic compounds were also determined. Antimicrobial activities of MECB were carried out using disc diffusion methods with five Gram positive, four Gram negative and four fungal species. The results obtained in the present study indicate that MECB leaves are potential source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.256-262
• /
• 2012

Reactive oxygen species play critical role in kidney damage. Free radical-scavenging activities of Panax ginseng are known to be increased by heat-processing. The structural change of ginsenoside and the generation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are closely related to the increased free radical-scavenging activities. In the present study, we have demonstrated the Maillard reaction model experiment using ginsenoside Re and glycine mixture to identify the renoprotective effect of MRPs from ginseng or ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Re was transformed into less-polar ginsenosides, namely Rg2, Rg6 and F4 by heat-processing. The free radical-scavenging activity of ginsenoside Re-glycine mixture was increased in a temperature-dependant manner by heatprocessing. The improved free radical-scavenging activity by heat-processing was mediated by the generation of antioxidant MRPs which led to the protection of LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cells from oxidative stress. Although the free radical scavenging activities of less-polar ginsenosides were weak, they could protect LLC-PK1 cells from oxidative stress. Therefore, MRPs and less-polar ginsenosides contributed to the combined renoprotective effects against oxidative renal damage.