• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.747-755
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• 1996

The regional distribution and relative frequencies of the gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the GIT and pancreas of the Korean mole. Seven kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. Although 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the GIT, they were most predominant in the pyloric gland region. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were restricted on the large intestine. Bovine CG-immunoreactive cells were more frequent in the stomach than in the intestines which were not detected in the duodenum. Numerous Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were found in the pyloric gland region, but rarely in the jejunum and ileum. BPP-immunoreactive cells were observed to be rare in the stomach and ileum but were a few in number in the intestines. In the pancreas, four types, namely, glucagon-, somatostatin-, BPP- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were identified in the pancreatic islets and exocrine portion. These results suggest that although endocrine cells of the Korean mole is less abundant in the duodenum, the distribution pattern of its gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine cells is similar to that reported for the Korean hedgehog.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.321-331
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• 1992

The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas of the fresh water turtle. Ten kinds of endocrine cells were identified in the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin-8-, bovine pancreatic polypetide-and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the gastrointestinal tract, also among them cholecystokinin-8-immunoreactive cells were most predominant in segment III. Although gastrin- and gastrin/cholecystokinin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to VI and X, respectively, they were numerous in segment III. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed from segment I to VII. 5-hydroxytryptamine- immunoreactive cells were detected in segment I, III, VIII, IX and X. Human pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in segment V, VI, VIII, IX and X. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to X except for segment VIII, but rare in segment VII. Neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were found to be restricted to segment VIII, IX and X. No porcine chromogranin-, substance P- and bombesin-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the fresh water turtle. Although typical mammalian pancreatic islets encapsulated by connective tissue were not present in this species, five kinds of endocrine cells-glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, bovine pancreatic polypeptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine-were found in forming small or large groups and scattered in the exocrine gland region. However porcine chromogranin- and motilin-immunoreactive cells could not be demonstrated in the pancreas.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.523-529
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• 1992

The GEP endocrine cells of the African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis, were studied immunohistochemically. Five kinds of the endocrine cells were identified in this study A moderated number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastro intestinal tract, being almost uniform frequency. Gas/CCK -immunoreactive cells were restricted to the basal portion of the pyloric gland and among the duodenal mucosa. A rare glucagon-immunoreactive cells were weakly reacted in the fundic region of the stomach and observed in the exocrine portions of the pancreas. Somatostatine-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract with except for the rectum, and not only the periphery of the islets but also the exocrine portions in the pancreas. No CGs- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the gastrointestinal tract, whereas in the pancreas, the later was seen in the central region of the islets and the exocrine portions.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 1996

Comparing hibernation with active periods, the regional distribution and relative frequencies of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohist-ochemically in the GITs of the Rana dybowskii. Six kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. In this study, several novel findings were emerged: in hibernation period, the perdominant presence of immunoreactive cells; the widely distributional regions of glucagon-, Gas/CCK- and BPP-immunoreactive cells; the intense reaction of immunostaining against the antiserum; and the existence of 5-HT- and somatostat-in-immunoreactive cells in upper regions of the fundic glands. These results suggest that the gastro-entero-endocrine cells in hibernation period synthesize continuously its gut hormones and accumulate in their cytoplasms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.369-379
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• 1993

The regional distribution and the relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied in nine portions of the blue fox GI tract, and the distribution pattern and cell types of the pancreatic endocrine cells were also studied in the pancreas by immunohistochemical method. Six kinds of immunoreactive cells were identified in the GI tract, and four kinds of immunoreactive cells were also identified in the pancreas. Although numerous 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were seen throughtout the GI tract, somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were a few in the intestine. Very numerous Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were restricted generally in the pyloric region and duodenum. Numerous glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and generally a few in the intestine. Moderate number of BPP-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and a few in the large intestine. Numerous porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the cardiac and fundic region. In the pancreas, four types of pancreatic endocrine cells-somatostatin-, glucagon-, BPP- and insuline-immunoreactive-were identified in the pancreatic islet and exocrine portion. These results suggest that the regional distribution, the relative frequencies and cell types of the GEP endocrine cells in the GI tract and pancreas varies considerably among the species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.579-589
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• 1993

The regional distribution and the relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied in nine portions of the blue fox GI tract, and the distribution pattern and cell types of the pancreativc endocrine cells were also studied in the pancreas by immunohistochemical method. Six kinds of immunoreactive cells were identified in the GI tract, and four kinds of immunoreactive cells were also identified in the pancreas. Although numerous 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the GI tract, somatostatin- immunoreactive cells were a few in the intestine. Very numerous Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were restricted generally in the pyloric region and duodenum. Numerous glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and generally a few in the intestine. Moderate number of BPP-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and a few in the large intestine. Numerous porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the cardiac and fundic region. In the pancreas, four types of pancreatic endocrine cells- somatostatin-, glucagon-, BPP- and insulin-immunoreactive- were identified in the pancreatic islet and exocrine portion. These results suggest that the regional distribution, the relative frequencies and cell types of the GEP endocrine cells in the GI tract and pancreas varies considerably among the species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.417-425
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• 1995

The regional distribution and relative frequencies of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the GIT of the cat-shark. Five kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. Mostly these cells were of open types, except for glucagon-, BPP- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells in the stomach which seemed to be of closed type. 5-HT-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the GIT, and were more freguent than of the other regions. Glucagon-and BPP-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in the entire GIT except for the duodenum an the rectum, and occurred in various frequencies. A few numbers of Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the duodenum. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were distributed in the whole GIT, and were a few in numbers in the stomach and rare in the intestine, respectly. These results suggest that the pattern of the regional distribution is rather similar to that reported fur previously, but relative number was less frequent than that of other species.