• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2017

The pharmacological rationale of Agastache rugosa (AR) or Pogostemon cablin (PC), which have been used in traditional Korean medicine to treat dampness pattern or syndrome in gastrointestinal tract, was investigated on the gastrointestinal disorders. In-vivo model studies that examined the effect on the gastrointestinal disorders of AR or PC were collected. They were classified into disease-induced in-vivo models or non-disease in vivo models. The target disease, animal species, induction method, administration, and outcomes (changes in morphological and histological parameter, or blood and fluid) of each study were analyzed. The therapeutic mechanism of AR or PC extract was evaluated by the induced diseases and the changes in outcomes. There were contradictory reports on gastrointestinal motility of AR or PC in disease non-disease in-vivo model. AR or PC inhibited gastrointestinal motility in disease model of increased gastrointestinal motility, while promoted motility in disease model of decreased gastrointestinal motility. AR or PC also inhibited inflammatory changes in gastrointestinal inflammation model. These results suggest that the bidirectional regulation of gastrointestinal motility and the improvement of gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders might underpin traditional therapeutic effect of AR or PC, that is effect to resolve dampness of gastrointestinal tract.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3601-3604
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• 2012

Purpose: Numerous studies have evaluated the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in the Chinese Han population. However, the results have been inconsistent. We therefore here examined whether the XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism confers hepatocellular carcinoma risk by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Google scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for eligible articles in English and Chinese that were published before April 2012. Results: 6 studies involving 1,246 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 1,953 controls were included. The association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Chinese Han population was significant under GG vs AA (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.94). Limiting the analysis to the studies with controls in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the results were persistent and robust. Conclusions: In the Chinese Han population, the XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism is associated with an increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.101-123
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• 1999

To investigate the documental records of the medi-alcohol theraphy on the Gastrointestinal disease, the 33 kinds of medical books editioned from the old to the present were used. the results were followed Many herbs used on the Gastrointestinal disease were sequently Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix. The herbs of invigorating and warming body, regulating the flow of qi etc. were many occupied(used) in treating the Gastrointestinal disease. In analyzing treatment symptom as medi-alcohol theraphy were sequently many used abdominal pain, inappetence, gastrointestinal cancer, indigestion, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal dropsy. The kinds of using medi-alcohol on the Gastrointestinal disease were totally 120 ones.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2013

There is a growing evidence that gastroesophageal reflux disease is related to several upper gastrointestinal cancers, mainly the esophageal adenocarcinoma and a certain type of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Currently, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is rapidly increasing in Korea. Therefore, there is a possibility of such increasing cancerous incidents, similar to the western worlds. In this article, the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and several upper gastrointestinal cancers, the components of refluxate which has possible causal relationship with carcinogenesis, and the clinical implications of such relationship in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients are discussed through the review of literature.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2015

Currently, inappropriate information regarding cancer is being disseminated indiscreetly via the media and Internet. Many people are confused due to the mixed presence of facts and misinformation concerning cancer. Owing to the flood of information, especially that concerning gastrointestinal cancer (the most common cancer in Korea), patients with gastrointestinal cancers, their family members, and medical staff, as well as the general public, are faced with a number of problems in understanding, treating, and overcoming this type of cancer. Therefore, investigating the level of recognition for and understanding of gastrointestinal cancers among these populations is very important for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this disease. This review article investigated the differences in the recognition levels of the general understanding, prevention, quality of life, pain control, and the ethical issues of gastrointestinal cancer treatment among the general public, patients with gastrointestinal cancers, their family members, and medical staff via surveys.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.198-204
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• 2004

Backgrounds & Methods : Asthma is considered to be chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary eosinophilia. Recently, there has been many researches about asthma. IBS(Irritable Bowel Syndrome), PUD(peptic Ulcer disease) and GERD(gastroesophageal reflux disease) are the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies suggest that IBS, PUD and GERD are associated with bronchial hyper-responsiveness and bronchial asthma might be more prevalent in IBS and GERD patients than in control subjects. In addition, there are many comments about the interrelationship between the gastrointestinal problem and asthma in the oriental medical books. Actually, many oriental medical doctors don$^{\circ}$Øt consider the gastrointestinal condition when they deal with the asthmatic patients these days. So, we assessed the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and histories in a cohort of patients with asthmatic symptoms. We evaluated 128 outpatients with asthmatic symptoms(60 males and 68 females, aged 13-75). All subjects enrolled completed the GSRS(Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale). GSRS is an interview based rating scale consisting of 15 items for assessment of gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS and PUD developed by Jan Svedlund. Results : The limit of total score of GSRS in asthmatic patients is zero to 30. The number of patients with no GI symptoms is 66(51.5%). The number of patients with GSRS>5 is 62(48.4%), GSRS>10 is 24(18.8%), GSRS>15 is 8(6.25%). The number of patients with history of gastritis is 54(42.2%), gastric ulcer is 13(10.2%), gastroptosis is 8(6.25%), IBS is 6(4.68%), others is 6(4.68%). Conclusions : This study suggests that patients with bronchial asthma have an significant prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Additional studies are needed to find the mechanism of the association between gastrointestinal symptoms and asthma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9773-9779
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prime causes of mortality around the globe, with a significantly rising incidence in the Middle East region in recent decades. Since detection of CRC in the early stages is an important issue, and also since to date there are no comprehensive epidemiologic studies depicting the Middle East region with special attention to the average risk group, further investigation is of significant necessity in this regard. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the colon in an average risk population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,208 eligible asymptomatic, average- risk adults older than 40 years of age, referred to Firuzgar Hospotal in the years 2008-2012, were enrolled. They underwent colonoscopy screening and all polypoid lesions were removed and examined by an expert gastrointestinal pathologist. The lesions were classified by size, location, numbers and pathologic findings. Size of lesions was measured objectively by endoscopists. Results: The mean age of participants was $56.5{\pm}9.59$ and 51.6% were male. The overall polyp detection rate was 199/1208 (16.5 %), 26 subjects having non-neoplastic polyps, including hyperplastic lesions, and 173/1208 (14.3%) having neoplastic polyps, of which 26 (2.15%) were advanced neoplasms. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasia was more common among the 50-59 age group. Advanced adenoma was more frequent among the 60-69 age group. The majority of adenomas were detected in the distal colon, but a quarter of advanced adenomas were found in the proximal colon; advance age and male gender was associated with the presence of adenoma. Conclusions: It seems that CRC screening among average-risk population might be recommended in countries such as Iran. However, sigmioidoscopy alone would miss many colorectal adenomas. Furthermore, the 50-59 age group could be considered as an appropriate target population for this purpose in Iran.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2015

Objectives The aim of this study was to make an analysis of clinical characteristics and status of Sasang constitutional medicine of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who visited a Korean medicine hospital. Methods We studied 287 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who visited a Korean medicine hospital from March 1, 2010 to February 30, 2012. We retrospectively collected medical history and characteristics of subjects using data of EMR (electronic medical record). Results The proportion of female was higher than male. Most patients was suffered from chronic gastrointestinal disorder. And they were not under western medicine treatment. Among the 287 patients, 139 persons (48.43%) were Soyangin, 88 persons (30.66%) Taeeumin and 60 persons Soeumin (20.91%). The proportion of Soyangin was higher than other Sasang types. In the distribution of prescription according Sasang Constitutional Medicine symptomatology, the proportion of exterior disease's prescription was higher than interior disease in Soyangin (93.53%). And the proportion of interior disease's prescription was higher than exterior disease in Taeeumin (75.86%) and Soeumin (95.00%). The majority of disease were Gyolhyung-symptom (51.54%) and Mangeum-syndrome (46.15%) of exterior disease in Soyangin, Dry-febrile symptom (73.56%) of interior disease in Taeeumin, and Taeeum-syndrome (95.00%) of interior disease in Soeumin. Conclusions By analyzing on clinical characteristics and distribution of Sasang Constitutional Medicine symptomatology could contribute to the development of guideline for treatment of gastrointestinal disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 2003

Objective : This study was carried out to systemically investigate the effect of Joongwan(中脘; CV12) acupuncture in cerebrum and cerebellum of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal disease in SD-rats. Method : 1. We induced gastrointestinal disease by indomethacin oral administration in SD-rats. 2. We selected Joongwan(中脘; CV12) acupuncture point that generally have been used to treat gastrointestinal disease. 3. We categorized SD-rats into three groups as followings. (1) Normal group : The group without any management (2) Control group : The group with indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal disease (3) Treated group : The group that Joongwan(中脘; CV12) acupuncture was performed after inducing gastrointestinal disease 4. We figured out the effect of acupuncture by analyzing staining degree of NADPH-diaphorase in cerebrum and cerebellum. Results : 1. Cerebrum (1) Normal group : The degree of staining was very low. (2) Control group : NADPH-diaphorase was mainly stained in cerebral cortex and the stained region was wider than Normal group. (3) Treated group : The degree and region of staining was higher and wider than the other goups. Sometimes the intensively stained regions were observed. 2. Cerebellum In both cases of Control group and Treated group, the regions in cortex were stained mainly. But, between Control group and Treated group, there was no remarkable difference. Conclusion : In case of cerebellum, there was no remarkable result. On the other hand, in case of cerebrum, there were certain differences among three groups. Through those results, we could conclude that Joongwan(中脘; CV12) acupuncture treatment was able to affect NADPH-diaphorase expression in the cerebrum of SD-rats that have gastrointestinal disease with indomethacin-inducing.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.228-233
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• 1998

Incidence of gastrointestinal disease in dogs of Seoul and Kyung-gi area was 40.5% (380/939) and dogs with gastrointestinal disease were more likely to be 1-5 month old (55.5%). Comparison among seasons revealed that spring(48.3%) was potentially at increased risk The incidence of pancreatitis in the gastrointestinal disease was 1.49% (6/402). In helathy dogs, amylase activity was higher in male dogs than female and in the alee of >1 year than <1 year. Lipase activity was higher in female dogs than male, and higher in the age of <1 year than >1 year. The correlation coefficient$(r^{2})$ was 0.71 between the methods of measuring amylase; amyloclastic and chromogenic methods.