• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.121-140
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand how the economic conditions and needs of single-parent families are different between single-mother and single-father families, and also how they are dependent on household composition. The data for this study were drawn from the 1st Korea Welfare Panel Study and analyzed by frequencies, means, ${\chi}^2$, t-test, F-test, and logistic regression with the STATA 9.1 program. The major findings are as follows: (1) Single-parent families are more likely to live in a three-generation household than married couple families. (2) The composition of a three-generation household of single-parent families is affected by sex, age, education, type of marital disruption, the type of employment of single parents and the age of the last-born child. (3) The income-to-needs ratio is not significantly different depending on the sex of the single parents and their household composition. However, material hardship is significantly low in three-generation household single-parent families. (4) There are differences between three-generation single-parent families and independent single-parent families in income sources: The ratio of public transfer to total incomes is higher in three-generation households than independent households, while the ratio of private transfer to total incomes is higher in independent households.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.29-63
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• 2014

This study attempted to reveal the characteristics of the Y generation, to derive the services of the next generation digital library, and to compare differences between the demands of the baby boom generation and the Y generation to some extent. As a result, first, it is shown that the digital device the Y generation uses the most, was a cell phone or smartphone, followed by desktop PC, notebook PC, and digital camera. Although there were some differences, the Y generation's use ratio of digital devices was substantially similar to the baby boomers'. Second, there was a significant difference between the Y generation and baby boom generation in terms of using digital services. While the Y generation used internet portals the most, the baby boom generation used e-mail service the most. Third, we surveyed the services which the Y generation and baby boom generation require for the next generation digital libraries, by grouping as follows: the cloud service, infinite creative space (maker space), big data, augmented reality, Google Glass, context-aware technologies, semantic services, SNS service, digital textbook service, RFID and QRCode service, library space configuration, a state-of-the-art display technology, and other innovative services. While the most demanded service by the Y generation was big data service, the baby boom generation most demanded digital textbook service.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.153-167
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify differences in dietary behaviors, dietary life consumer education related situation competencies, and dietary lifestyles between baby-boom and echo generations by gender. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2016 Food Consumption Behavior Survey, and 2,474 subjects (baby-boom generation 1,304; echo generation 1,170) were selected. Results: The baby-boom generation more frequently ate meals at home with family than the echo generation, whereas the echo generation had meals more frequently at cafeterias, cafes, bakeries, convenience stores and with friends or colleagues than the baby-boom generation. However, no significant differences in dietary life related consumer education were observed between generations, and experience with food related consumer education and food related promotional/events was very low in general. Baby-boomers received their primary dietary information from surrounding people, whereas the echo generation received it from broadcasting. The information use competence was lower for the baby-boom generation (3.29) than echo generation (3.35), although this difference was not significant. Healthy dietary life competence did not differ significantly, whereas the baby-boom generation showed a higher level of practice competence than the echo generation. Additionally, the baby-boom generation was more likely to pursuit health and less likely to be concerned with convenience and taste quality than the echo generation. Conclusion: The frequencies of meal eating places, drinking, and eating-out differed significantly between the two generations, while the participation ratios of food related consumer education/events, attitudes toward education, and information use competence did not. Additionally, knowledge regarding healthy dietary life competencies did not differ, whereas practice level showed significant differences between generations. Among dietary lifestyles, the baby-boom generation showed higher pursuit of health and lower pursuit of convenience and taste quality than the echo generation.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.705-717
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• 2011

This research was based on surveys about differences of perception on retirement among the babe-boomers. Middle-aged men and women in their 40s' and 50s' residing in metropolitan areas centering around Seoul were the main targets for the surveys. Results indicated meaningful differences between men and women in the level of percection and expectation about their retirement. More specifically, men noted physical health, economic sufficiency and work as significant factors for happy retirement. Women, on the other hand, answered economic sufficiency first, and then physical health and relationship with spouse as the important variables for retirement. In addition, men and women portrayed different expectations for difficulties of retirement. Based on the survey results, this research proposed possible national, social, corporate, and individual approaches for secure retirement of the middle-aged baby-boom generation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.456-462
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess cross-generational effects of bisphenol A exposure in benthic copepods, Tigriopus west. Nauplii (<24 hours old) were exposed to graded concentrations of bisphenol A, and toxicity end-points such as survival, development, sex ratio, and fecundity were measured. $F_1$ generations were grown under innoxious conditions, and similarly assessed. Significant differences were observed in development of nauplii and copepodites, between exposed and non-exposed copepods; however, there were no differences in survival of nauplii or copepodites, sex ratio, or brooding rate in parental generation. In contrast, in the $F_1$ generation, there were significant differences between the control group and exposed group in survival and development of nauplii. Length, width, and biomass of parental and $F_1$ generations were reduced in the exposed group compared to the control group. In addition, some deformities, such as swelling of the prosome, abnormally shaped egg sac, and dwarfism were observed after exposure to bisphenol A. So, our study demonstrates that a cross-generation toxicity test and monitoring of morphological deformities in harpacticoid copepods, can be useful for development of potential bioindicators for environmental monitoring, and assessment of chemical impact.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find out the tendency of the new generation’s consumer roles and green consumption behavior for the environmental conservation. This study is also to reveal some fundamental information for an environmental education program which si able to support the new generation consumers to participate voluntarily in an environmental activity. The 500 subjects of this study were selected from the new generation consumers who wre residing in Seoul, 1998. The 414 data wre finally analyzed by Mean, t-Test, ANOVA, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The major findings were as follows: 1) the purchasing roles of the new generation consumer tended to be higher than the citizen participation’s roles. The variables with the higher score for the new generation’s green consumption behavior were in the rank of the isolation of environmental waste, the purchasing behavior of green product, the recycling environmental resource, and citizen’s participating roles in environmental activity. 2) the new generation’s consumer roles showed a significant differences, according to variables for the environmental value, environmental education, and participation of the environmental and societal activity 3) the green consumption behavior for the new generation consumers showed a significant differences, according to sex, environmental value, participation of the environmental and societal activity. 4) the most influential variables for the green consumption behavior of the new generation consumers were in the rank of consumer roles, educational values, and the participation of the environmental activity. As we see above, the consumer education for the new generations needs to focus on consumer’s roles that let them participate voluntarily in environmental and societal activity, as well as practice positively to use green environmental products whenever they select some items in the markets.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

The young generation in life cycle that social position is rapidly changing is play an important role in a regional development because they can increase social and natural population in the region. This study analyzed the relationship between the movement of young generation and the regional characteristics including housing market characteristics in Seoul. As the results, the movement of young generation was influenced by commuting distance and location of jobs as the gravity model has suggested. In addition, housing supply and housing price (or Jeonse price) is an important factor for the movement of young generation. It can be inferred that the more price gap such as Jeonse price and housing supply gap are increased, the more out-migration of young generation in Seoul is increased. However, the housing demand of young generation in employment centers will be increased because jobs contribute to increasing the inflow of young people. Therefore, the policies of central and Seoul government that supply housing in job rich and high accessibility areas are needed for young generation. In addition, if public housing and affordable housing are supplied in the other areas, it can contribute to reduce the out-migration of young people in Seoul.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

Comparing with an upper generation who have experienced a living with a extended family in a sudden aged tendency, the Parent & Children generation who haven't had a experience in it. So they have much different life styles each generation. It may cause many problems that many generation are living in a common residential space. Further more every generation gets their own characteristic of the life style. In addition, the middle & lower generations's understanding can be explained on their position about an Grand-parent generation's using. In this study, I am going to find out the problems in these situation in comparison with each generation's understanding dwelling environment among them, and then analyze what affection of 3-generation sharing preference standard is given by the differences each generation have with the above result. The standard of living with an Grand-parent generation ; Children generation or living separately through evaluating the Parent & Children generation's residence surroundings will be estimated and the standard of importance of sharing house will be analyzed. And then the result will be used as basic information of planning the 3-generation sharing house.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.465-473
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• 2011

Purpose : This study was to evaluate gait velocity and muscle activity on 3 different gait conditions in elderly women. Methods : There were one group was 20's generation(n=12), and the other group was over 60's generation (n=12). The velocity of gait was analysed for using the Footscan system, EMG(MP150) for muscle activity. Subjects were measured 3 gait condition(normal, obstacle-10cm, dual obstacle-10cm. Measured values were used by the independent t-test for analysing between groups, and repeated measurement of ANOVA for analysing within group. Results : The results were as follow: velocity and acticities of lower 4 muscles were significantly differences in experimental group. In control group, there were not significantly differences. Contrast-groups were significantly differences of velocity(obstacle, dual obstacle), muscle activities(soleus-dual obstacle, hamstring-all). Conclusion : These results indicate that elderly people are reduced gait ability in dual task, and obstacle gait. So Elderly women need to training obstacle/dual gait for preventing falling.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.39-60
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine new types of political participation using the new media of digital convergence generation. For this purpose, groups were classified according to age and characteristics of media usage to investigate whether there are differences in media-related tendencies, SNS and characteristics of Smartphone usage political-related characteristics, and political participation by types. The results of the study is that the media usage characteristics by generation showed a difference between groups according to the high and low motivation for using media, and there was a generation differences in politics-related characteristics and types of political participation. Digital generation showed lower political involvement, political efficiency and offline political participation than Web 1.0 generation. In addition, political efficacy showed the moderating effect that had the greatest effect on political participation by types.