• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2008

Lower birth rate and higher elder people are serious social problem in Korea. In 2003, the total birth rate is 1.19 per person, that record is lowest among OECD country. In 2005, Korea has been the aging society with 9.0% in aged population rate. Increasing of aged population results in elder estrangement and confliction with other generations. The social problem can be solved in some degree by improving housing environment and many kinds of welfare program. This study suggests a solution of the problem by applying community space located on ground level floor. The ground level floor of apartment has many physical benefits like connection to the earth, extension, safeness for the aged and child. in case of the National Rental apartment, small residential area and high rate of elder, child, the disabled make the ground level floor useful space for community. According to case study, almost the National Rental apartment hasn't enough facilities supporting various generations and don't supply comfortable environment. So, this study presents how to design the National Rental Apartment's community space located on ground level floor.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2022

The configuration of an open ground floor (pilotis) is a common and very critical irregularity observed in multistory reinforced concrete frame structures. The characteristics and the geometrical formation of the beams of the first story proved to be a critical parameter for the overall seismic behavior of this type of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures. In this work the combination of open ground floor (pilotis) morphology with very strong perimetrical beams at the level of the first story is studied. The observation of the seismic damages and the in situ measurements of the fundamental period of four buildings with this morphology and Π-shaped plan view are presented herein. Further analytical results of a pilotis type Π-shaped RC structure are also included in the study. From the measurements and the analytical results yield that the open ground floor configuration greatly influences the fundamental period whereas this morphology in combination with strong beams can lead to severe local shear damages in the columns of the ground floor. The structural damage was limited in the columns of the ground floor and yet based on the changes of the in situ measured fundamental period the damaged level is assessed as DI=88%. Furthermore, due to the Π-shape of the plan view the tendency of the parts of the building to move independently strongly influences the distribution of the damages over the ground floor vertical elements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.521-526
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• 2004

In order to evaluate the effect of blasting vibration in buildings and it's resident located around blasting construction field in urban area, blasting vibration characteristics were measured the vibration level, vibration velocity. The 250g and 750g of charged powder were used at the apartment and at the ground, respectively. In the measurement of the ground, Z(perpendicularity) axis was the highest value in vibration level, but vertical axis was the highest value at 25m point and longitudinal axis was the highest value at 50m point in vibration velocity. The amount of measurement was high value when measuring point is higher than blasting source, while that of measurement was low value when measuring point is lower than blasting source. In the measurement of the apartment, 2 axis was the highest value in vibration level, but in vibration velocity transverse axis was the highest value at ground, was vertical axis at 1st floor, was longitudinal axis at 3rd floor and was vertical and longitudinal axis at 5th floor. The vibration level and the vibration velocity of 50m point showed higher correlation value than 25m point at the ground, but those of 25m point showed higher correlation value than 50m point at the apartment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.632-638
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• 2004

In order to evaluate the effect of blasting vibration in buildings and it's resident located around blasting construction field in urban area, blasting vibration characteristics were measured by the vibration level, vibration velocity. The 250g and 750g of charged powder were used at the apartment and at the ground, respectively. In the measurement of the ground, 2 (perpendicularity) axis was the highest value in vibration level, but vertical direction was the highest value at 25 m point and longitudinal direction was the highest value at 50 m point in vibration velocity. The amount of measurement was high value when measuring point is higher than blasting source, while that of measurement was low value when measuring point is lower than blasting source. In the measurement of the apartment, Z axis was the highest value in vibration level, but in vibration velocity transverse direction was the highest value at ground, was vertical direction at 1st floor, was longitudinal direction at 3rd floor and was vertical and longitudinal direction at 5th floor. The vibration level and the vibration velocity of 50 m point showed higher correlation value than 25 m point at the ground, but those of 25 m point showed higher correlation value than 50 m point at the apartment.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.101-109
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to improve a general Top-Down construction process for superstructure construction period reduction. In a general Top-Down construction sequence, the ground floor slab is set up first. Subsequently, 1st basement level construction including core walls is constructed. Initiation of the ground level superstructure gets waited until then. In this study, removable deck plate installation on the bottom of the core walls of ground level is preceding the concrete casting, therefore, ground level superstructure construction is able to get started earlier. Up to first typical floor concrete casting, total of seventy-two working(calendar) days will be resulted in a reduction from the total construction periods.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.791-818
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• 2013

The seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures with irregularities leading to soft first floor is studied using capacity assessment procedures. The soft first story effect is investigated for the cases: (i) slab-column connections without beams at the first floor, (ii) tall first story height and (iii) pilotis type building (open ground story). The effects of the first floor irregularity on the RC frame structure performance stages at global and local level (limit states) are investigated. Assessment based on the Capacity Spectrum Method (ATC-40) and on the Coefficient Method (FEMA 356) is also examined. Results in terms of failure modes, capacity curves, interstory drifts, ductility requirements and infills behaviour are presented. From the results it can be deduced that the global capacity of the structures is decreased due to the considered first floor morphology irregularities in comparison to the capacities of the regular structure. An increase of the demands for interstory drift is observed at the first floor level due to the considered irregularities while the open ground floor structure (pilotis type) led to even higher values of interstory drift demands at the first story. In the cases of tall first story and slab-column connections without beams soft-story mechanisms have also been observed at the first floor. Rotational criteria (EC8-part3) showed that the structure with slab-column connections without beams exhibited the most critical response.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2020

Industrial facilities need design to predict and reduce noise from design to prevent and reduce noise. The purpose of this study is to predict worker's environment and evaluate safety by analyzing noise inside underground blower room and air compressor room with fluid machinery in waste facility. This waste incineration facility was analyzed based on the ground floor, ground floor blower chamber, and air compressor chamber. The results of SPL(Sound Pressure Level) analysis at 1.5m away, which are frequently used to measure the SPL as a noise source, are as follows. SPL of basement level: 46.80[dB], SPL of ground layer: 48.57[dB]. As a result, it was expected that the noise level would be considerably lower than the 8 hours 50[dB] noise exposure per day.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.103-108
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• 2004

In this study, examined heavy-weight floor impact sound to structure that have slab thickness of 4 form at a standard laboratory through noise and vibration measured. The results show that the nature Natural frequency increased according to change of thickness of each slab by finite element analysis, and acceleration value decreased. Results of measurements of noise and vibration at a standard laboratory, the slab 210, 240mm structures was construed result such as finite element analysis but the slab 150, 180mm structures is construed that influence in vibration acceleration level because edge condition has condition that contact to ground. Therefore, in modelling process for analysis, is thought that need that condition analyzes examining element influencing about structure that contact to ground.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.337-352
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• 2013

Seismic performance of critical facilities has been focused on the structural components over the past decade. However, most earthquake damages were observed to the nonstructural components during and after the earthquakes. The primary objective of this research was to develop the seismic fragility of the piping system incorporating the nonlinear Tee-joint finite element model in the full scale piping configuration installed in critical facilities. The procedure for evaluating fragility curves corresponding to the first damage state was considered the effects of the top floor acceleration sensitivities for 5, 10, 15, and 20 story linear RC and steel building systems subjected to 22 selected ground motions as a function of ground motion uncertainties. The result of this study revealed that the conditional probability of failure of the piping system on the top floor in critical facilities did not increase with increased level of story height and in fact, story level in buildings can tune the fragilities between the building and the piping system.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.869-887
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• 2012

Ground motion scaling techniques are actively debated in the earthquake engineering community. Considerations such as what amplitude, over what period range and to what target spectrum are amongst the questions of practical importance. In this paper, the effect of various ground motion scaling approaches are explored using three reinforced concrete prototypical building models of 8, 12 and 20 stories designed to respond nonlinearly under a design level earthquake event in the seismically active Southern California region. Twenty-one recorded earthquake motions are selected using a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and subsequently scaled using four different strategies. These motions are subsequently compared to spectrally compatible motions. The nonlinear response of a planar frameidealized building is evaluated in terms of plasticity distribution, floor level acceleration and uncorrelated acceleration amplification ratio distributions; and interstory drift distributions. The most pronounced response variability observed in association with the scaling method is the extent of higher mode participation in the nonlinear demands.