• Title/Summary/Keyword: human capital

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The Effects of Human Capital and Social Capital on Economic Well-Being of the Elderly in Korea (노년기 경제적 복지를 위한 사회투자정책의 방향 : 인적자본 및 사회자본의 활용을 중심으로)

  • Seo, Ji-Won
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.31-55
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    • 2008
  • Human capital theory and social capital theory provide a framework for analyzing economic well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of human capital and social capital on the economic well-being of the elderly. The data from the 1st wave of KLoSA (Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) were used (n=3,426). The major findings were as follows: First, human capital and social capital are both resources that can contribute to increasing the economic well-being of the elderly. Second, the effects of human capital on the economic well-being of the elderly were relatively higher than the effects of social capital. Third, the relative contributions of human capital and social capital to increasing economic well-being varied by sex, age, and region. Based on the empirical results, the implications for social investment in human capital and social capital were provided.

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The Relative Effects of Human Capital and Social Capital on the Economic Well-being of the Late Middle-aged in Korea (중년기의 경제적 복지에 대한 인적자본과 사회자본의 상대적 효과)

  • Seo, Ji-Won
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.315-332
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effects of human capital and social capital on the economic well-being of late middle-aged Koreans. The data from the first wave of KLoSA (Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) aged 50-64 were used (n=4,040). The major findings were as follows: First, human capital and social capital are both resources that can contribute to increasing the economic well-being of the middle-aged. Second, the relative contribution of human capital to the economic well-being of the middle-aged varied by the level of social capital, including formal network and informal network. Third, the relative contribution of social capital to the economic well-being of the middle-aged varied by the level of human capital, including employment type and educational attainment. Based on empirical results, the implications for social investment in human capital and social capital were provided.

Human Capital, Technology, and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Indonesia

  • WIDARNI, Eny Lestari;BAWONO, Suryaning
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.29-35
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    • 2021
  • This study discusses the effect of human capital and technology on economic growth in Indonesia using annual time series data over the 35-year research period (1984-2019). This study uses an autoregressive distribution gap to the cointegration approach to understanding the relationship between human capital, technology, and economic growth. Human capital is inherent in humans and becomes capital in providing the best performance that has an impact on their own income. We use the human capital framework in this study where education is one mechanism to increase human capital. Based on the results of our estimation, we find that the increase in human capital using the education mechanism affects economic growth. This shows the role of human capital investment is very important in economic growth. Technology shows a significant positive effect on economic growth. Increasing human resources and technology are important factors in efforts to increase economic growth in Indonesia. Educational development is the key to the success of increasing human capital and technological development because education plays a role in improving the quality of human resources. Increasing human resources here is in the form of increased knowledge, mastery of technology, innovation, and the ability to develop technology to encourage technology development.

EMPIRICAL ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PERFORMANCE OF ARCHITECTURE FIRMS

  • Chung-Fah Huang;Li-Ren Yang
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.1023-1029
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    • 2009
  • Intellectual capital is one of the most valuable assets of any enterprise. This empirical investigation examines the causal relationship between intellectual capital and the performance of architecture firms. More than 100 architecture firms across Taiwan have each been assessed for the levels of human capital, structural capital, relational capital, and business performance. The results suggest that the architecture firms exhibit higher levels of relational capital. However, the firms indicate relatively low levels of human capital. Additionally, the results from the correlation analysis suggest that all the four measures (human capital, structural capital, relational capital, and business performance) are highly correlated. The findings from the path analysis also indicate that human capital may influence the performance of architecture firms via structural capital and relational capital.

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How Large are Local Human Capital Spillovers?: Evidence from Korea

  • PARK, WOORAM
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.77-94
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    • 2016
  • This paper examines the empirical magnitude of local human capital spillovers in Korea during the 1980s and mid-1990s. Local human capital spillovers exists if plants in regions with a higher level of human capital can produce more given their own amount of input (Moretti 2004c). In particular, this paper explores an educational reform in South Korea which exogenously induced a large amount of variation in regional human capital levels. Using annually collected plant level data, I explore the effect of changes in the regional human capital levels induced by this reform on plant productivity in Korea. My results suggest that this effect is limited. I find a positive correlation between a regional level of human capital and plant productivity. However, after further addressing endogeneity using an instrumental variable, the effect of the overall regional human capital level on productivity decreases and becomes statistically insignificant.

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Effects of Human Capital and Innovation on Economic Growth in Selected ASEAN Countries: Evidence from Panel Regression Approach

  • CHE SULAIMAN, Nor Fatimah;SAPUTRA, Jumadil;MUHAMAD, Suriyani
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.7
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 2021
  • Human capital and innovation capacities are essential elements and one of the sustainable approaches to driving economic growth. However, there is debate among scholars concerning these two factors in fostering economic growth. This study investigates the relationships between human capital and innovation capacity and economic growth in selected ASEAN countries, namely, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Economists widely discussed the interrelation of human capital and innovation. A large body of literature stated that human capital is an essential factor and engine of economic growth. Innovation has become key in transforming the economic development of developing countries. We analyze human capital (HC) and innovation capacity (INC) using static panel data analysis. The data analysis shows that the fixed-effect model is the best model in this study. Further, human capital (HC) has a significant positive relationship with economic growth. Meanwhile, innovation capacity has no significant relationship with economic growth. We also found that Malaysia's coefficient of human capital and innovation capacity is higher and more efficient than in Thailand and Indonesia. In conclusion, human capital and innovation capacity are crucial elements for measuring economic growth. Skilled human capital contributes significantly to the economic growth and economic development of a nation.

Effects of Asset Diversification and Human Capital Efficiency on Bank Performance: Evidence from Asian Countries

  • BAWONO, Suryaning;SANUSI, Anwar;SUPRIADI, Bambang;TRIATMANTO, Boge;WIDARNI, Eny Lestari
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.123-132
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    • 2023
  • This study seeks to determine if the efficiency of bank human resources, as played by human capital, impacts the performance and diversification of banks. This study uses secondary data from data obtained from 385 commercial banks in 33 countries in Asia during the 2010-2020 period with the diversification analysis method. We use the Z-score to measure the amount of standard deviation that must be from earnings (ROAA). We examined it using the Tobit regression technique. According to the regression estimation results, human capital has a significant role in the performance and effective diversification of Asian banks. The human capital efficiency coefficient (HCE) is significantly negative with the cost-to-income ratio (CTIR) and significantly positive with Profitability, Financial Stability, and cost efficiency score. The level of efficiency of human resources has an effective role in increasing human capital which has an impact on bank diversification and performance. The development of human resources in a human capital framework plays an important role in the diversification and improvement of bank performance. Human capital has a significant role in the performance and effective diversification of Asian banks. The level of efficiency of human resources has an effective role in increasing human capital which has an impact on bank diversification and performance.

Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment on Human Capital in ASEAN

  • NGUYEN, Hoi Van;NGUYEN, Thuy Thi Thu;TO, Tha Hien;DANG, Duong Quy;Luong, Trang Thi Dai
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.18 no.9
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    • pp.13-18
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: Research and development of human capital in countries bring sustainable development to the nations. Especially for developing countries, the attraction of foreign direct investment not only brings economic growth to the country but also contributes to improving human capital. This study aims to assess the impact of foreign direct investment on human capital in ASEAN countries. Research design, data and methodology: With data collected from ASEAN countries from 1990 to 2019, panel data analysis is performed with revised model types (the Pooled OLS, Fixed effect model, Random effect model and regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors). Result: The results of the regression analysis show that FDI has a positive impact on human capital. At the same time, the study also found that public investment in education also positively affects human capital; the life expectancy factor does not affect human capital. Conclusions: With this research result, the authors also proposed a number of solutions to improve human capital by attracting FDI and improving the efficiency of investment for the education of ASEAN countries. Besides, public expenditure on education also plays an important role in raising human capital. Therefore, investment in education should be promoted further in the future.

The Effect of Internationalized Human Capital on Export Performance of SMEs: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Export Experience and Export Market Diversification (국제화된 인적자본이 중소기업의 수출성과에 미치는 영향: 수출경험과 수출시장다변화의 조절효과를 중심으로)

  • Young-Soo Yang;Jae-Eun Lee
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.171-184
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of internationalized human capital on SME's export performance and to examine the moderating effects of export experience and export market diversification of SMEs that can affect the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs. The results of empirical analysis of 150 small and medium-sized enterprises located in Jeonnam province are as follows. First, the internationalized human capital of SMEs was found to have a positive (+) effect on export performance. Second, as a result of empirically analyzing the moderating effect of internationalized human capital on export performance, the export experience of SMEs was found to have a negative (-) moderating effect on the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs, and the export market diversification had a negative (-) moderating effect on the relationship between internationalized human capital and export performance of SMEs. This study provides meaningful theoretical implications in that this study identified the role of human capital by analyzing the relationship between internationalized human capital as an important source of competitive advantage of SMEs and export performance.

A Study on the Marginal Efficiency of Educational Investment (교육투자의 한계효용에 관한 이론적 고찰)

  • 이귀환
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.11-26
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    • 1978
  • Economic development is usually identified with the increased of G.N.P and capital formation connected directly wi:11 the net increase of land, structure, commodity, stocks and foreign claims, etc. The increase of G.N.P. is driving at capital formation. The usual concept of capital formation for economic development misses the important productivity factor of human capital. Because it is now increasingly realized that a massive injection of material into production will 11 not necessarily explain a successful productivity unless that country already possesses 1 suitable human capital. Human capital is built of educational investment which is related to the physical capital. Many statistical investigations identified this reality. Of late years, a great crowd of economists studying an the problem of economic development have turned their attention towards human capital. Thereupon, this paper has dealt with the fact that educational investment affects physical capital and employment. The qualitative increment of human capital will increase the productivity but excessive expenditure on human capital will squander a physical capital. In designing a strategy of human capital for economic development, one needs to consider tile level of educational investment because educational investment of developing countries will be accasionaly made or marred by investment level and direction.

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