• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

Ammonia is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, refrigerants, stabilizers and many household cleaning agents. These wide applications resulted in ammonia contamination in water. Ammonia can be removed from water by physical, biological, and chemical methods. Ozonation is effictive in the treatment of water with low concentration of ammonia. This study is undertaken to provide kinetic data for the ozonation of ammonia with or without hydrogen peroxide. The results were as follows; The destruction rate of ammonia increased gradually with the influent hydrogen peroxide concentration up to 0.23 mM and inhibited in the range of 0.23~11.4mM, and the maximum removal rate of ammonia achieved at 0.23mM of hydrogen peroxide, and the overall kinetics was first order. The combination effect of hydrogen and ozone to oxide ammonia in aqueous solution was better than ozone alone. The reacted ammonia was converted completely to nitrate ion.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.166-174
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• 1993

Streptomyces coeUc%r (Muller) cells were treated with $100 \mu$M hydrogen peroxide for I hour and proteins synthesized during hydrogen peroxide stress were labeled with L-[$^{35}S$]-methionine. Total cellular proteins were extracted and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In exponential growth phase, synthesis of about 100 proteins was increased by hydrogen peroxide treatment. These proteins were named as Pin (£eroxide-inducib]e) proteins and classified into 4 subgroups according to their induction time after hydrogen peroxide treatment. About 60 of them were found to be induced within 20 minutes and maintained throughout I hour of treatment. In stationary growth phase. synthesis of 62 proteins was increased by hydrogen peroxide and 21 of them were the same Pins found in exponential growth phase. Proteins from the mutants which are resistant to hydrogen peroxide were obtained in exponential growth phase and compared with those from the wild type on two-dimensional gel. The three mutants, N7, N9. and N24, were found to have higher constitutive leve]s of ]5, 17, and 15 Pin proteins respectively, than the wild type. 9 of these Pin proteins (D74.7a, E76.0c, E23.3. F50.7, F47.2a. F25.5, G39.6b, G24.0, H39.6a) increased in two of the three mutants and 3 proteins (F39.7, H6I.7. 120.8) increased in all of the three mutants. These proteins might play important roles in the response of S. coelic%r to hydrogen peroxide.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1010-1015
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• 2006

p-Pheylenediamimine (PPD) is one of hair dye's ingredients, and the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide is generally used to dye hair at beauty shop. This study is conducted to investigate the effect of oxidized PPD on rat skin. 6% hydrogen peroxide, PPD (5% PPD in 2% $NH_4OH$) or the mixture (isovolumed mixture of 5% PPD and 6% hydrogen peroxide in 2% $NH_4OH$) was applied to rat skin ($25\;mg/16.5\;cm^2$) five times every other day. The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) was more increased in the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group than PPD applied group. Furthermore, the activity of glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group showed higher decreasing rate than that of PPD applied group. In histopathological findings, the mixed PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group showed more thickening of epithelium, increased numbers of dermal fibroblasts, and the dilatation of dermal capillaries than PPD applied group. The significant increasing of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was determined in mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied group compared with PPD applied group. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were more significantly decreased in mixed PPD with hydrogen peroxide applied groups than in PPD applied group. In conclusion, topical application with the mixture of PPD with hydrogen peroxide compared with PPD application resulted in imbalance with ROS generating and scavenging which probably led to severe skin injury.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.301-305
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of Anisi stellati Fructus Water Extract on hydrogen peroxide production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Anisi stellati Fructus were extracted by hot water. Effects of Anisi stellati Fructus water extract (AS) on hydrogen peroxide production in RAW 264.7 were measured by dihydrorhodamine 123 assay after 20, 24, 28, 44, 48, and 52 h incubation at the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}g/mL$. For 20 h incubation, AS significantly increased hydrogen peroxide production in RAW 264.7 cells by $108.6{\pm}1.56%$, $109.5{\pm}1.94%$, $108.4{\pm}1.14%$, and $107.3{\pm}3.06%$ at the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}g/mL$ (P < 0.05) respectively. For 24, 28, 44, 48, and 52 h incubation, AS also significantly increased hydrogen peroxide production in RAW 264.7 cells at the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}g/mL$ (P < 0.05). These results suggest that Anisi stellati Fructus has the immune - enhancing property related with its increase of hydrogen peroxide production in macrophages.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.358-364
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• 1999

The effect of hydrogen peroxide on pretreatment of oakwood was investigated. Reaction temperature was $170^{\circ}C$ and reaction solutions used in pretreatment were aqueous ammonia, sulfuric acid and pure water. When 10% ammonia solution was used, the extents of delignification and hemicellulose recovery were 55% and 26%, respectively. These values were significantly higher as delinigfication and lower as hemicellulose recovery than those of acid hydrolysis. To overcome this problem, hydrogen peroxide was added into ammonia solution stream to increase hemicellulose recovery. But delignification and hemicellulose recovery were not increased as much as hydrogen peroxide loading was increased. And as hydrogen peroxide loading was increased, the decomposition of sugars solubilized from hemicellulose and cellulose were increased. So there were significant differences between the total amount in solid residue and liquid hydrolyzate, and the total amount in the original biomass. It was found that hydrogen peroxide added was reacted with substrate packed mostly in the front part of reactor. In order to increase hemicellulose recovery, it was necessary to treat with acidic solution than with alkali solution. Effect of hydrogen peroxide was higher in water than acid solution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.469-480
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the degradation and mineralization of PPCPs (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products) using a CBD(Collimated Beam Device) of UV/H₂O₂ advanced oxidation process. The decomposition rate of each substance was regarded as the first reaction rate to the ultraviolet irradiation dose. The decomposition rate constants for PPCPs were determined by the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet irradiation intensity. If the decomposition rate constant is large, the PPCPs concentration decreases rapidly. According to the decomposition rate constant, chlortetracycline and sulfamethoxazole are expected to be sufficiently removed by UV irradiation only without the addition of hydrogen peroxide. In the case of carbamazepine, however, very high UV dose was required in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. Other PPCPs required an appropriate concentration of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet irradiation intensity. The UV dose required to remove 90% of each PPCPs using the degradation rate constant can be calculated according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in each sample. Using this reaction rate, the optimum UV dose and hydrogen peroxide concentration for achieving the target removal rate can be obtained by the target PPCPs and water properties. It can be a necessary data to establish design and operating conditions such as UV lamp type, quantity and hydrogen peroxide concentration depending on the residence time for the most economical operation.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.53-61
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• 2022

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Baicalein (BA) on the production of hydrogen peroxide in lipoteichoic acid-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Methods : Lipoteichoic acid-stressed RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages were incubated with baicalein at concentrations of 50 and 100 µM. Incubation time is 30 minutes, 2 h, 12 h, and 18 h. After incubation, The production of hydrogen peroxide in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages was measured with dihydrorhodamine 123 assay. Streptococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid and Streptococcus pyogenes lipoteichoic acid were used as cell-stimulating lipoteichoic acid. Cell viabilities were measured with a modified MTT assay. Berberine, indomethacin, and gallic acid were incubated for the same time as the comparative materials. Results : BA at the concentration of 50 and 100 µM did not show cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages for 24 h incubation. For 30 minutes, 2 h, 12 h, and 18 h incubation, BA at the concentration of 50 and 100 µM significantly inhibited the production of hydrogen peroxide in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated by Streptococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (p < 0.05); also, BA at the concentration of 50 and 100 µM also inhibited the productions of hydrogen peroxide in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated by Streptococcus pyogenes lipoteichoic acid significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusions : BA might have anti-bacterial activity related to its inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production in lipoteichoic acid-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.2704-2710
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• 2014

Catalase (CAT) decomposes hydrogen peroxide that is toxic to the body. In this study, simple and sensitive detector has been developed for observing catalase activity using liquid crystal droplet system. Microscale LC droplet patterns are formed by spreading aldehyde-doped nematic liquid crystal on pre-treated glass slides. When hydrogen peroxide is added, aldehyde is oxidized and amphiphiles are formed. Dodecanoates cause the pattern to transit from bright to dark as they self-assemble to form a carboxyalte monolayer at the interface. When a drop of pre-incubated CAT and hydrogen peroxide mixture is placed onto the pattern, bright fan-shape is observed. This planar optical appearance indicates that catalase has decomposed hydrogen peroxide. Compared to the detectors that have been previously developed, this system is more sensitive with detection limit of 1fM. This research suggests further studies to be on LC droplet patterning to develop highly sensitive and methodologically simple sensors for various chemicals.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.228-234
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• 2004

Brazilin shows hypoglycemic effect in diabetic animals through enhancement of glucose metabolisms in insulin responsive tissues. One of the major mechanisms of brazilin to enhance glucose metabolism is stimulation of glucose transport in adipocytes. In this study, the essential molecular moiety of brazilin for the stimulation of glucose transport was investigated. We found that brazilin undergoes a structural change in physiological buffer and produces hydrogen peroxide. Methylation of hydroxyl group of brazilin or addition of catalase along with brazilin resulted in the complete inhibition of brazilin-induced glucose transport in adipocytes. Because hydrogen peroxide increases glucose transport by inhibition of phosphatases, we examined the effect of brazilin on phosphatase activity. Brazilin inhibited phosphatases in a wide range of activity, and protein phosphatase 1 and 2A were also inhibited. These results suggest that the production of hydrogen peroxide by oxidation of catechol hydroxyl group of brazilin mediates glucose transport through inhibition of phosphatases which otherwise decrease glucose transport in adipocytes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.67-73
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• 2007

In recent years hydrogen peroxide has become considerably more attractive as a green rocket propellant so a laboratory model of hydrogen peroxide thruster adopted silver catalyst and a test facility has been developed to research a hydrogen peroxide propulsion. The design scheme of thruster and the test data are presented including ignition delay, efficiency of characteristic exhaust velocity. As a result, 95% of efficiency of characteristic exhaust velocity was obtained at steady state operation condition.