• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2 s.115
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• pp.1-17
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze biotope types of urban land-use patterns. Forest areas were considered according to vegetation type and potential for succession. Urban ecosystem structure was analyzed according to land use, land coverage, vegetation structure (actual vegetation, diameter at breast height, layer structure, and revetment). As a results of the classification, the biotopes were divided into 71 types according to the urban ecosystem structure. In the case of the Hanam province, the biotopes were divided into 51 types: 26 forest types; 5 swampy and grass land types; 3 farm land types; 3 types of planted land, and 8 types of urbanization.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.482-501
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• 2014

Most textbooks of urban geography explain that land value drops down with distance from the Peak Land Value Intersection of urban center. However, There is little rigorous empirical work supporting this belief. Using the publicly notified individual land price data of 2013, this paper examines the structure of land value in urban center with a focus on spatial distribution of land value by land use. As an analytic result, the structure of land price varies between land uses, significantly being different from the classical model of land value in urban space. In residential lands and mixed-use lands for residence and commerce, land price gradient as a function of distance from PLVI is positive and a crater phenomenon even is identified in spatial distribution of land value. The classical model coincides only with land for commerce and office. Nonetheless, predict of land uses by land value function fairly corresponds to Alonso's model.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.414-432
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• 2012

Land price is a kind of text to read urban spatial structure. The purpose of this paper is to inquire into the characteristics of Daegu's urban structure and its change in time through exploring spatio-temporal variations of land price with a detailed spatial and temporal resolution. To achieve this, land value surfaces were represented using the officially assessed land price every other year from 1995 to 2011. Through mapping and exploring spatio-temporal patterns and fluctuation rates of land price for this period, changes in urban structure, the effects of local decision makings such as Greenbelt adjustment, housing site development, and gentrification, and the effects of business fluctuations or policies at global or national scales could be caught. In addition, the trends for suburbanization and multi-centric urban form could be examined from the results of a negative exponential model explaining the effect of distance from an urban center on spatial variation of land price. These results demonstrate that urban analysis using land price mirroring spatial decision making at various scales could deepen understanding for internal structure and change of a city and provide useful information for establishing regional and urban development policies and evaluating their effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.129-138
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• 1993

The shortage of agricultural labour due to industrial growth has greatly induced the mechanization in Korean agriculture. However small and scattered land holdings have been the main constraints in the process of mechanization. This paper describes the interrelationships of farm land structure, machinery selection and machinery operation areas. The sandy silt loam irrigated paddy land having single crop a year was selected as a target areas for this study. Machine operation cost is greatly influenced by operation period, plot geometry and operation area. On the improved geometry plots, optimal machine size increases slowly with increase in operation area. Operable area increases due to increased effective machine capacity on better geometry plot. The difference between the effects of operation period and plot geometry is that in the former case, the cost reduction is caused by delay in increase of machine size, whereas in the latter case timeliness cost is reduced by increase ffective capacity. The effect of farmland consolidation is greater on small plots than that on big plots. Increasing wage rates have induced the adoption of more labor saving machinery. Bigger labor saving machines require enlargement of operation area and larger plots through improvement in farm land structure. Machine cost on poor plot geometry increases more rapidly than that on the good plot geometry and as operation area increases machine cost reduces significantly. It is concluded that the development of agricultural mechanization ion Korea will depend on the improvement in farm land structure and enlargement of operation area.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.367-381
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the change in the distribution and hierarchical structure of commercial land use. Tools for analyzing the spatial structure are index of concentration, coefficient of localization and location quotient. This research is applied to Daegu, focusing on the period 1985-2003. During the 1985-2003 period, the growth rate of commercial land use volume amounted to 330%, compared with a population growth rate of 118%. The biggest component of commercial land use is the retail sector. As the lodging, medical, transportation-warehouse and entertainment sectors have the propensity for concentration and comprise the specialized commercial areas in the suburbs, the other sectors arc evenly distributed. Jung-gu has functioned as a downtown core in the hierarchical structure of commercial areas. So, in the structure of commercial land use, Daegu has continued to be a single nuclear structure. But, Dongdaegu Station influence area has evolved into the second order center since 2000. This is the sign of change in spatial structure from single-nuclear pattern to multi nuclear pattern.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2019

Microbial community and composition in stormwater runoff from mixed land use land cover (LULC) catchment with ongoing land development was diverse across the hydrological stage due different environmental parameters (hydrometeorological and physicochemical) and source of runoff. However, limited studies have been made for bacterial composition in this catchment. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) quantify the concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), stormwater quality and bacterial composition and structure according to hydrological stage; and (2) determine their correlation to environmental parameters. The 454 pyrosequencing was used to determine the bacterial community and composition; while Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation among parameters-FIB, stormwater quality, bacterial composition and structure-to environmental parameters. Results demonstrated that the initial and peak runoff has the highest concentration of FIB, stormwater quality and bacterial composition and structure. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant bacteria identified in this catchment. Furthermore, the 20 most abundant genera were correlated with runoff duration, average rainfall intensity, runoff volume, runoff flow, temperature, pH, organic matter, nutrients, TSS and turbidity. An increase of FIB and stormwater quality concentration, diversity and richness of bacterial composition and structure in this study was possibly due to leakage from septic tanks, cesspools and latrines; feces of domestic and wild animals; and runoff from forest, destroyed septic system in land development site and urban LULC. Overall, this study will provide an evidence of hydrological stage impacts on the runoff microbiome environment and public health perspective.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 2012

The financial resources for public land banking enacted by Public Land Banking Act (2009) are LH (Korea Land and Housing Corporation) contributions, LH Bond, Land Bank revenues, etc. But, in real, the efficient funding resource is mainly LH bond. In these days, LH has experienced deep financial distress, and difficulties in issuing it's bond. Therefore, Land Banking project also has been inactivated because of poor financial resources. As Land Banking project depending its financial resources mainly on LH Bond does not have financial sustainability, it is necessary to reform the fundamental funding structure. This is the starting point for the topic of this paper. This paper suggests to reform the funding structure, and to introduce Land Bank Bond guaranteed by Government, and also to modify the accounting method of Land Bank to separate the Land Bank accounts with LH accounts. The funding structure reform can be summarized as follows; In early stage of the Land Banking project, sufficient government support by guaranteeing the Land Bank Bond is necessary. Gradually, the portion of LH's contribution can be increased in company with LH's financial distress being solved and administration being normalized. When the project reached on the stage of maturity, cash inflows by selling the reserved land can exceed the cash outflows for reserve new land. To introduce the Land Bank Bond guaranteed by government, the Public Land Banking Act (2009) should be revised. Along with this, to modify the accounting method of Land Bank, the rule for public enterprise accounting system must be partially revised.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.106-115
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• 2009

Knowledge about how to stabilize soil structure is essential to conserve soil systems and maintain various biogeochemical processes through soil. In urban area, soil structural systems are degraded with inappropriate management and land use and become vulnerable to erosion. We analyzed the structural changes of surface soils with different land uses, i.e., forests, parks, roadside green area, riparian area, and farmlands (soybean fields), in the Anyang Stream Watershed in order to find the factors influencing the stability of soil structure and the implication for better management of surface soil. Soil organic matter contents of other land use soils were only 18~52% of that in forest soils. Soil organic matter increased the stability of soil aggregates in the order of soybean fields < roadsides < riparian < parks < forests and also reduced soil bulk density (increased porosity). The lowest stability of soybean field soils was attributed to the often disturbance like tillage and it was considered that higher stability of park soils comparing to other land use soils except forests was owing to the covering of soil surface with grass. These results suggest that supply of soil organic matter and protection of soil surface with covering materials are very important to increase porosity and stability of soil structure.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-50
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• 1992

The aim of this paper is to define major factors influencing land development of each of major uses (residential, commercial, industrial) in the process of rapid urban expansion. The main hypothesis of this study is that land use changing patterns are directed by supply side of land managed to public policies rather than demand side. The graphic analysis is applied to relationships between urban growth and land development process of each use and between land development project managed to public policies and land development process. Public and land development projects and zonning protection seem to be major roles of land supply and main determinants of urban spatial structure. Location factors for land development of each uses are selected in 23 variables. Factor analysis is applied to test correlation between variables in 1971 and 1981. Factor structure between two years is similar, but progressive processing of functional separation is derived such as intensive land use is grouped, different location between residential and industrial use is deep. Dependent variables are standardized to logarithm of land development of each use per unit vacant land in two periods, between 1971 and 1980 year and between 1981 year. Correlation analysis between 6 dependent variables and 23 location factors in each years are applied. Major factors of each use are selected in criteria such as high correlation with dependent variables, low correlation between independent variables and common application in two periods. As the result, major factors for residential land development are Land Readjustment Project (LRP), percent of total zoned area in residential zone, residential floor space density per available area, percent of total area in industrial use; for commercial development is distance to CBD, percent of total area in commercial use, residential floor space density per available area in each year, and volumn rate of industrial use; for industrial use is percent of total area of industrial use is percent of total area of industrial use, Industrial Estate Project (IES), LRP, and distance from CBD. Land development pattern of each use between two periods are slightly different. So 6 equation is derived from appling backward method of regession. Adjusted multiple R squares of all is more than 0.5 and those equation is statistically significant and valuable to assist urban land use forecasting.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.289-297
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• 2008

An impervious cover is one of most important factors which effect on a water body environment in a watershed. There are many researches on the impact of an impervious cover on water quality, quantity and ecosystem and most of these researches have been focused on an impervious rate or area in a watershed without considering structure features as like shape, edge, connection of impervious cover. In this study, we focused on a landscape structure which includes shape, density, contiguity, distance, aggregation of land cover type as well as area and rate. The calculation of a landscape indices made to analyse a landscape structure is conducted by applying Fragastats 3.3 program. Osan-cheon watershed where has rapidly urbanized is selected as a study field. Land information for 2002 and 2007 is from land classification maps provided by Ministry of Environment. The result shows that the increasing rate of an impervious cover is more conspicious in Kiheung dam watershed but the fragment of impervious cover areas is shown remarkably in the Osan sub-watershed. The trend of aggregation and connection of impervious covers is increasing. But it was very difficult to say that which type of landscape structure is more beneficial for a watershed management. The implication of this study is to find the need to come over the conventional ways to evaluate landscape structure of a watershed such as rates and areas of impervious cover, and define the importance of landscape feature as like connection, distance, edge density, fragment of impervious covers.