• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum and liver lipid composition of wild grape juice in vivo. Forty 6-week-old white Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups such as normal lipid group, normal lipid group with wild grape juice, oxidized lipid (basic diet plus 10% of oxidative lipid) group and oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice, and 2ml juice was provided everyday. After 4 weeks of feeding with experimental diet each groups were examined for the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome and their serum and liver lipid composition. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in blood was significantly higher in oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice than in oxidized lipid group. Glutanthione peroxidase activity showed no difference depending on wild grape juice supplementation. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in liver was significantly higher in the groups with wild grape juice than in the groups supplemented only with oxidized lipid. Glutanthione reductase activity showed no difference depending on the supplementation of wild grape juice. Serum triglyceride level in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid diet and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the normal lipid group with wild grape juiceoxidized fa6. Liver total lipid in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice. And it was lower than that of oxidative lipid group without juice. The liver triglyceride level in the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice was lower than that in the oxidative lipid group, but it was as low as in the group supplemented only with normal lipid.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• 제73권12호
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• pp.1899-1903
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• 2018

The effects of introducing hybrid lipids to a lipid bilayer containing saturated and unsaturated lipids immersed in water were studied. The lipid and water molecules were modeled as coarse-grained particles. All particles were simulated by using the dissipative particle dynamics method. The results showed that the hybrid lipids accumulated at the interface between the saturated and the unsaturated lipid domains. The relation between the hybrid lipid concentration and the equilibrium domain size was obtained. Moreover, the sizes of the simulated lipid domains are consistent with that given by the lipid raft definition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the effects of lipid on cellular senescence, lipid peroxide production, and morphological changes. For this study we used primary skin fibroblasts from neonate rats grown in media various lipid contents. Fibroblasts were cultured until they lost their proliferation potential either in control medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplement with 10% fetal bovine serum) or in media supplemented with various concentrations of lipid-cholesterol rice component from bovine serum. Cumulative population doublings(CPD, as an index of cellular life span), and cellular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, as an index of lipid peroxide) concentrations were measured and morphological changes were observed. CPD were shortened with increasing lipid concentration in media ; 28.12 for cells grown in control medium and 13.42, 11.42, and 6.19 for those grown in 0.1%, 1% and 5% lipid rich components containing media, respectively. Cellular proliferation ratios were those grown in 5% lipid rich components containing media were delayed and they were degenerated soon. TBARS concentrations were increased with increasing concentration of lipid in media. Morphological changes were observed in cells grown in control medium by cellular senescence. Especially lipid droplets were observed in cells grown in 5% lipid rich components containing media. Therefore it seems that lipid contents in media had an effect on cellular proliferation and cellular life span, possibly via lipid peroxide production.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.265-271
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• 2015

A feeding trial of four dietary protein levels (20, 30, 40, and 50%) and two lipid levels (7 and 14%) with a factorial design was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile Israeli carp Cyprinus carpio. Triplicate groups of fish (average body weight, $1.3{\pm}0.02g$) were fed the experimental diets for 9 weeks. Survival of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Weight gain and feed efficiency increased as dietary protein levels increased up to 40 and 50%, respectively. Weight gain was higher in fish fed the high-lipid diets with 20 and 40% protein content. Feeding efficiency increased as the dietary lipid level increased for the 30, 40, and 50% protein diets. Daily feed intake decreased with increasing protein level and the minimum feed consumption was observed in fish fed the 50% protein diet with 14% lipid content. Moisture and lipid contents of the whole body were affected by both dietary protein and lipid levels. The crude lipid content of fish fed the 14% lipid diet was higher than that of fish fed the 7% lipid diet at each protein level. The results of this study indicate that a diet containing 40% protein with 14% lipid content is optimal for the growth and effective protein utilization of juvenile Israeli carp.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2004

A 25-week feeding trial of two dietary protein (47 and $52\%$) and three dietary lipid level (7, 12 and $17\%$) factorial design with three replications were conducted to determine effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of adult starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), average initial weight 332 g, during the winter season. Survival of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio improved with dietary protein and lipid levels except for those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid. The best growth and feed utilization were observed in the $52\%$ protein diet with $12\%$ lipid, but were not significantly different from those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid or the $47\%$ protein diets with $17\%$ lipid levels. Hepatosomatic and visceral somatic indexes were significantly influenced by dietary protein level, but not by dietary lipid level. None of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, or glycogen contents of dorsal muscle or liver in starry flounder except for crude lipid in dorsal muscle was significantly influenced by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly influenced by both dietary protein and dietary lipid levels. The results of this study suggest that the diets containing $47\%$ protein with $17\%$ lipid or $52\%$ protein with $12-17\%$ lipid are optimal for growth and feed utilization of adult starry flounder under these experimental conditions.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1991

치이즈와 대두 지질의 양상을 비교하기 위하여 이들에 함유되어 있는 지질의 단편, 지질의 종류 및 총지질내의 지방산 조성을 column, thin-layer 및 gas chromatography로 분석하여 그결과를 검토하였다. 치이즈 중성지질, 당지질 및 인지질의 함량은 각각 96.2%, 1.1% 및 0.7%로 나타난 반면 대두의 중성지질, 당지질 및 인지질의 함량은 87.5%, 0.5% 및 4.3%로 나타났다. 치이즈의 총지질 및 중성지질의 주요 지질의 종류는 triglyceride, free fatty acid, cholesterol, diglyceride, monoglyceride 및 polar lipid 였으며 당지질과 인지 질내의 주요 지질의 종류는 triglyceride, diglyceride monoglyceride 및 polar lipid 인 반면 대두 지질 단편중의 지질의 종류는 대부분 triglyceride 였고, 일부 diglyceride, monoglyceride 및 polar lipid의 흔적이 나타났다. 치이즈의 총지질에서 나타난 주요 지방산은 C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C16:0, C18:1 및 C18:2 였고, 대두의 총지질에서 나타난 주요 지방산은 C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 및 C18:3였다. 치이즈의 총지질에서 소량의 C14:1, C15:0, C17:0 및 C20:0과 대두의 총지질에서 소량의 C4:0, C6:0 및 C10:0 지방산이 검출되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.308-313
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• 2015

A $3{\times}3$ factorial study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on the growth, feed utilization and innate immunity of red seabream Pagrus major. Nine diets consisting of three protein levels (42%, 46% and 50% crude protein) and three lipid levels (10%, 14% and 18% crude lipid) were formulated. Triplicate groups of red seabream were fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation (5-6 times a day, from 08:00 to 18:00 h at 2-h intervals) for 10 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed P46L14 (46% protein and 14% lipid), P50L10 (50% protein and 10% lipid) and P50L14 (50% protein and 14% lipid) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of fish fed P42L18 (42% protein and 18% lipid). The feed conversion ratios (FCR) of the fish were affected by dietary lipid levels (P<0.039), but not dietary protein levels. The FCR tended to increase with increasing dietary lipid levels from 10% to 18% with the 46% and 50% protein levels. The weight gain, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, feed intake and survival of fish were not affected by either dietary protein or lipid levels. Myeloperoxidase activity in the group fed P50L14 (50% protein and 14% lipid) was significantly higher than that in the group fed P42L10 (42% protein and 10% lipid) or P50L18 (50% protein and 18% lipid). However, the myeloperoxidase activity of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or lipid level. The fish fed P46L14 (46% protein and 14% lipid) and P46L18 (46% protein and 18% lipid) showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity than did the fish fed P46L10 (46% protein and 10% lipid), P50L10 (50% protein and 10% lipid) of P50L18 (50% protein and 18% lipid). In conclusion, the optimum protein and lipid levels for the growth and feed utilization of juvenile red seabream were 46% and 14%, respectively, and the optimum dietary protein to energy ratio was 27.4 g/MJ.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2009

A 10-week feeding trial with four dietary protein levels (22%, 32%, 42% and 52%) and two dietary lipid levels (8% and 17%) was conducted to investigate the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for growth of long-nosed barbel fingerlings. Survival rate of fish was not affected by either the dietary protein or the dietary lipid level. Weight gain and feed efficiency were affected by the dietary protein level (P<0.01), but not by the lipid level, and increased with the dietary protein level at the both lipid levels. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed the 52% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids were not significantly different from those of fish fed the 42% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids and 32% protein diet with 17% dietary lipid. Daily feed intake of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Protein efficiency ratio and protein retention rate of fish fed the 32% protein diet with 17% dietary lipid were significantly higher than those of fish fed the 52% protein diets with 8-17% dietary lipids. Moisture content of fish fed the diets containing 8% lipid were higher than those of fish fed the diets containing 17% dietary lipid at each protein level. Crude lipid content of fish fed the diets containing 17% dietary lipid were higher than that of fish the fed the diet containing 8% dietary lipid at each protein level. The results of this study indicated that 32% protein and 17% lipid could be the optimum dietary level for growth of juvenile long-nosed barbel.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.183-191
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• 1998

This study aimed at the effect on serum glucose and lipid profiles according to carbohydrate / lipid intake ratio in Korean 191 NIDDM patients. Most of NIDDM patients belong to under 50-64 years. As carbohydrate intake level increased, lipid intake level decreased. The group of higher carbohydrate / lipid intake ratio shows significantly high in fasting glucose level and postprandial glucose in NIDDM patients. The higher carbohydrate / lipid intake ratio the higher dietary linoleic and $\omega$-3 fatty acid level but not in dietary $\omega$3/$\omega$6 ratio. Serum HDL decrease inhigher carbohydrate lipid intake ratio group. Serum total lipid and PUFA level decrease according to ditary total lipid intake decrease in men but not significantly different.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.239-247
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• 1982

은기(銀寄), 녹조(鹿鳥), 상피(霜被)의 3가지 밤 품종(品種)을 시료(試料)로 하여 과육(果肉)을 내과육(內果肉)과 외과육(外果肉)으로 나눈 후에 유리지질(遊離脂質) 및 결합지질(結合脂質)을 추출(抽出) 하고 그의 지질조성(脂質組成) 및 구성지방산(構成脂肪酸)을 column chromatography, gas chromatography에 의하여 분리(分離), 정량(定量)하였다. 밤의 총지질(總脂質)의 평균함량(고형물당(固刑物當))은 내과육(內果肉)에 1.84%, 외과육(外果肉)에 1.95%였으며 이 중에서 유리지질(遊離脂質)은 내과육(內果肉)에 1.26%, 외과육(外果肉)에 1.63%이나 결합지질(結合脂質)은 내과육(內果肉)에 0.58%, 외과육(外果肉)에 0.32%로서 유리지질이 결합 지질보다 $2{\sim}5$배 많았으며 외과육(外果肉)에 특히 유리지질이 많았다. 유리지질(遊離脂質) 중의 중성지질(中性脂質)은 평균 39.5%로 결합지질(結合脂質)의 4%보다 10배 정도 많았으나 외과육(外果肉)에 있어서는 유리지질(遊離脂質) 중의 중성지질이 56.6%로서 더욱 많았다. 당지질(糖脂質)의 평균함량은 유리지질에 22.0%, 결합지질에 17.0%였으며 인지질(燐脂質)의 평균함량은 유리지질에는 6.9%였으나 결합지질에는 10.5%로써 그 함량(含量)이 많았다. 밤의 유리지질(遊離脂質)을 구성하는 주요 지방산은 linoleic acid, palmitic acid 및 linolenic acid이나 결합지질(結合脂質)에는 palmitic acid가 40.1%로 가장 많았고 linoleic acid, linolenic acid가 그 다음으로 적었다. 또한 결합지질에는 포화지방산(飽和脂肪酸)이 유리지질에서 보다 2배 정도 많았다.