• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1051-1063
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• 2008

This study was to investigate the relationships between stress coping strategies, emotion regulation ability and behavior problems with children from low-income families and middle-income families. Subjects were 171 children from low-income families and 228 children from middle-income families, 4th - 6th grade in elementary school. The major findings are followings: (1) The level of emotion regulation ability in children from low-income families was lower and active stress coping strategies were less than children from middle-income families. In the behavior problem, children from low-income families were higher than children from middle-income families. (2) The stress coping strategies(active/ social support) in children from low-income families were related with internal behavior problem(anxiety /withdrawal). And the emotion regulation ability was related to the children's behavior problem. (3) Regression analysis model showed that emotion-regulation ability was the most influential factor to the children's behavior problem, and children from low-income families with aggressive coping strategy showed hyperactive behavior problem. So, the education/therapy programs for children from low-income families have to be developed and practiced in schools, local children centers and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 2015

In this study, we studied the effects of creative science activities of children from low-income family. Before and after the creative science activity programs, we investigated the children from low-income family on scientific attitude, self-esteem and self-efficacy. Also, after the creative science activity programs for low-income family children were interviewed and the results were analyzed. The result of this study was summarized as following. First, the creative science activities has a positive effect on scientific attitude of low-income family children. Through the creative science activities, the children from low-income familie's average of scientific attitude increased meaningfully. Second, the creative science activities has a positive effect on self-esteem and self-efficacy of low-income family children. Through the creative science activities, the children from low-income familie's average of self-esteem increased meaningfully. In the case of the self-efficacy's average points increased, but there was no statistically meaningful. Based on the results of this research, the children from low-income family were influenced positively by the creative science activities. Especially, the children from low-income families who have fewer chances of science experience than other general children were positively influenced in every aspect of this study.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2004

This study examined whether parenting behaviors as perceived by low-income children have indirect effects on their school adjustment through ego-identity. The subjects were 148 6th grade children selected from three elementary schools in Seoul; family income was less than 2,000,000 won, Statistical techniques were Person's Correlation and Simple and Multiple Regression. Findings were that (1) Perceived parenting behavior was a significant predictor of the school adjustment in low-income children. (2) Perceived parenting behavior was a significant predictor of the ego-identity of low-income children. (3) When the effect of perceived supportive parenting behaviors was controlled, the effect of ego-identity of low-income children was significant. However, when the effect of ego-identity of low-income children was controlled, the effect of perceived supportive parenting behaviors became non-significant.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' conflict and child-rearing and school-aged children's depression in low income family and non-low income family. The subjects were 357 school-aged children who attended elementary school and who were 5th 176(49.3%) and 6th grade 181(50.7%)(boys were 206(57.7%), girls 151(42.3%)). The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation, simple regression, enter regression(using SPSS 12.1). Major findings were as follows: (1) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with children's depression in low income and non-low income family. (2) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. (3) Parents' conflict partially exerted indirect effect on children's depression, controlled by parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. The effect of parents' child-rearing as mediation was higher in low-income family than in non-low income family.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.53-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of positive interactions between the low-income female householders and children on the mothers'psychological well-being and quality of life. The major findings are as following: First, there were high level of life satisfaction and low level of depression among the low-income female householders who perceived high level of children's emotional support. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder\`s husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controling for the low-income female householder's health, the differences were maintained. Second, the low-income female householders who communicated with their children open-heartedly felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression than those who had less communication with their children. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder's husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controlling for the low-income female householder\`s educational level and health, the differences were maintained. finally, the low-income female householders felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression when they listened to their children closely, and were satisfied with mother-child communication.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2015

This study explores reading fluency among elementary school students considering language level and family income(low SES). Forty eight students from 1st to 3rd grades participated in two paragraph reading tasks. Half of the children were from low income family and half of the children had low lexical knowledge. Reading fluency as in the number of correctly read syllables per minute, the total error frequency and error types were used to compare group differences. There were significant differences in the number of correctly read syllables per minute between two income groups and two language groups. There was a significant difference between low income group and non-low income group in total number of errors only when children's lexical knowledge were low. There were no group differences in error types of repetition and omission. Substitution and insertion error seemed to reflect the total error pattern. These results imply the importance of early screening and early involvement for children with low lexical knowledge from low income family. Monitoring and early intervention will support these children's reading development.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.5-21
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• 1997

This study compared children's daily activities In the preschools of middle-and lower-income communities. 22 children, evenly divided by community and children's gender, were observed for 3 hours on 5 consecutive days. The observers followed the target child, gathering data during 30-second "windows" every 4 1/2 minutes. A total of 750 observations were used in the analyses. The findings show the variation in children's activities as a function of community differences. In the case of academic activities, children of middle-income community were more exposed to and engaged in play with academic objects more than children of the of low-income community. A reverse tendency, however, was found in academic lessons. Children of low-income community were more exposed to work than their counterparts. Children of middle-income community were engaged in child-adult conversation more than those of low-income community. In addition, children of the middle-income community initiated their involvement in play and conversation more than their counterparts, though no difference was found in children's initiation of activities.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.51-72
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to compare the school readiness between children in low-income families and children in non-low-income families. In particular, it examined the influence of family's income levels child's age and gender upon children's school readiness. The subjects were 184 children that were 4~5 years. The collected data were analysed using t-tests, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test. The results showed that the school readiness of children from non-low-income families's was higher than children from low-income families. The school readiness was explained significantly by the interaction effect of children's age and gender. However, there was no difference in children's school readiness according to the participation in Dream Start. The findings suggest that the level of income is the key factor in differences of children's school readiness. Finally, the importance of social support of low-income children and development of effective Dream Start programs was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.1-19
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• 2001

The purpose of this study are (1) to examine the types and the after-school child care for children from low-income(106) and middle-income(99) families and (2) to examine the needs and expectations for after-school child care program of low-income(107) and middle-income(100) mothers. The findings of this study are as follows ; (1) The percentage of self-care among children from low-income families are higher than the children from middle-income families. The after-school activities mainly consist of arts, music, physical and computer lessons. (2) The needs on the after-school care program with non-profit basis which is managed by public welfare systems are higher among the low-income mothers than the middle-income mothers. Many mothers want professional, non-profit, systematic and formal after-school care programs. Some suggestions are proposed for after-school care program which can meet needs of the children and the mothers from diverse economic and social backgrounds.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.49-63
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• 2001

This study was on low-income female earners, and focused on family life events, social support, and support from children which low-income female easers had experienced. It also examined how family life events, social support, and support from the children affected the level of life satisfaction of the low-income age in the Seoul metropolitan area. The analysis of the data showed the following results: 1. The low-income female roamers experienced finance and business strains more than other family life events. The significant family life events that affected their life satisfaction were intra-family strains, finance and business stains, and illness and family care stains. 2. The level of social support was average. The low-income female earners reported that their relatives had provided the largest amount of support among their social network; however, only support from their friends affected their life satisfaction. Emotional support was the common support type which low-income female easers had received. 3. The perceived level of support from children was high, and it was the most significant variable that affected the life satisfaction of the low-income female eamers.