• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.93-112
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• 2013

This study was intended to investigate wether a multiculturalism education program which is integrated with age the 5 Nuri curriculum has a significant influence on promoting children's multiculturalism acceptance. The effect of the integrated multiculturalism program was studied depending on married female immigrant assistant teacher and multicultural children within a group. Three experimental groups and one comparative group were formed from 80 children whose kindergarten centers are located in southern cities of Gyeong-gi province and the convenient sampling method was used. A measurement tool for multiculturalism acceptance was used in this study, and this measurement is an amended and supplemented version of criteria aimed at children (elementary school students) developed by Kim and Chung(2010). The measurement tool was modified to make it suitable for children and consists of 33 questionnaires. All the data collected for this study was analyzed by the SPSS 20 program, the average, standard deviation, frequency, percentage. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated and one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were implemented. As for the result of the study regarding perception and relationship-building capability, the group which conducted an integrated multiculturalism education program and consisted of including a female married-immigrant assistant teacher and multicultural children (Experimental group1) showed a higher figure compared to the groups which conducted an integrated multiculturalism education program under the instruction of a female married-immigrant assistant teacher (Experimental group2), the group which conducted only the integrated multiculturalism education program (Experimental group3), and the last group which conducted only the age 5 Nuri curriculum (comparative group). As for sympathy and openness toward multiculturalism, the group which conducted integrated multiculturalism education program under the instruction of a female married-immigrant assistant teacher (Experimental group2) showed a higher figure compared to the groups which conducted an integrated multiculturalism education program including a female married-immigrant assistant teacher and multicultural children (Experimental group1), the group which conducted only an integrated multiculturalism education program (Experimental group3), and the last group which conducted only the age 5 Nuri curriculum (comparative group). As a result, the study showed that the instructor's multicultural guidance capability played a major role in the children's multiculturalism education program.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.119-146
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find the integrated educational programs for the female marital immigrant families in Korea. For this purpose, 21 immigrated female informants and 33 visiting teachers who provide teaching services to female informants were focus-group interviewed. The Major findings were as follows: Through the content analysis of informant's responses, both married female immigrants and visiting teachers expressed the needs of Korean language programs interpreted by immigrants' native speakers as well as programs to support their children. Married female immigrants expressed the needs for her husbands joining educational programs not much, on the other hand visiting teachers insisted to join their husbands as well as other family members to diverse family-related programs. Married female immigrants wanted programs to support their working skills, however visiting teachers emphasized their responsibilities and active attitudes before they get a job. Married female immigrants were not conscious any counselling programs to cope with husband's violence or maladjusted children, on the other hand visiting teachers insisted counselling programs to help female immigrants. Above all the programs, most of female marital immigrants wanted Korean language programs interpreted by their native speakers and programs to support their working skills, on the other hand visiting teachers emphasized the importance of family-related programs and counselling programs.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze married immigrant women's utilization of health care and their demand for public health care services. Methods: This study was conducted through descriptive survey with 102 married immigrant women in 2 cities, and survey was done from November, 2010 to May, 2011. Results: The results were as follows. Of respondents, 70% were using medical services in Korea and only 38.2% of them were satisfied with services. Major difficulties in using health care services were 'access problem' (35.7%), 'communication problem' (27.7%), and 'medical cost' (19.8%). The respondents' main sources of health information were family (56%), health care center (15%). The types of health information and education demanded by respondents were children's health care (22.1%), pregnancy and delivery (21.1%), and common disease care (20.0%). The most wanted services from public health care institutions were vaccination (24.5%), health promotion (21.5%), and leisure activity programs (20.6%). There was a statistically significant difference in period of immigration and public health care demands. Conclusion: For married female immigrants, it is recommended to provide tailored public health care services such as outreach service and visiting nursing care service, and to set up different language signs for common disease patients.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.107-127
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore how married female immigrants adjust to their lives in Korea. A total of 15 women from three different countries participated in the study. The major issues that these women faced included communication breakdowns with their husband and other family members, financial problems as well as problems with raising children in a different culture. The findings showed that such problems were usually rooted in a lack of Korean cultural knowledge and skills. Additionally, the inaccurate use of the language by married female immigrants who have lived in Korea for longer than six months was often fossilized. For instance, because they usually learned the language in a local dialect, it took them longer to distinguish the dialect from standard Korean. The results found that married female immigrants who received both Korean lessons and family life education instructions overcame their culture shock and adapted to Korean culture more easily than those who did not receive such instructions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand spousal support, demand for health education, and quality of life for married female immigrants. Methods: A total of 120 subjects with adequate communication skills participated in this study from March 1, 2006 until January 30, 2007. Participants were female visitors at the Immigrant Consultation Center in "M City", "Y County" and "M County" in South Jeolla Province. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of a total of 42 items. Data were analyzed using SPSS/win 10.2 to describe subjects' characteristics by frequency, and descriptive statistics, and to test group differences by t-test and ANOVA. Results: The highest demand for health education was exercise, and followed by stress management and diet. The level of spousal support for subjects was below average, and the level of quality of life was above the medium. The most difficult thing in their life was the difficulty in language. There was a significant difference in quality of life by level of education, level of life satisfaction, number of childbirths, and age. There was also a significant difference in spousal support by level of life satisfaction. Conclusion: There is a need for a multidimensional strategy to improve the quality of life and spousal support for immigrant females in international marriages.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the factors affecting the life satisfaction of married female immigrants and Korean husbands. Data for this study were obtained from the National Survey of Multicultural Families conducted in 2012. The study sample consisted of 5,232 couples within the first five years of marriage. Data were evaluated using a paired t-test, K-mean cluster analysis, ANOVA, and ordered logistic regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1) life satisfaction was higher for married female immigrants than for Korean husbands. 2) The general characteristics, acceptance attitude, language acceptance, and social network differed significantly depending on life satisfaction levels. 3) The multicultural acceptance attitude of husbands, ability of married female immigrants to speak Korean, and ability of Korean husbands to speak wives' native languages improved life satisfaction levels. The results of this study can be used to improve the life satisfaction of married female immigrants and Korean husbands.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore foreign immigrant mothers' experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. Methods: Ten married female migrants were selected by a purposive and snowball sampling method. Data were collected during the period from September to November, 2009 by individual in-depth interviews and all interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Results: Ten categories were induced: In pregnancy and childbirth domain, social support-request help to their own parents, social support-depending on husband and mother's in law, Enduring emesis-gravidarum in strange environment were extracted. In Chid-rearing domain, child-rearing overburden, lack of self-confidence on maternal role, child-rearing difficulties due to language barrier, lack of information and education on child-rearing, lack of accessibility to public health care services, expectation of child's assimilation in Korea, financial strain in child-rearing. Conclusion: This study provides basic knowledge regarding married female migrants' experiences related to pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. The findings of the study will help health professionals designing effective interventions for married female migrants with difficulties related to child care, parenting, rearing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.290-301
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• 2013

This study aimed to explore the effect of the intimacy with social workers on the use of social welfare services of marriage-based female immigrants. Also, this study verified the effect of the quantity of the welfare service-related information as a mediated variable on the use of social welfare services. For this purpose, this study collected data from a total of 304 immigrant women married to Korean men living in City of Busan, City of Ulsan, and South Gyeongsang Province, and the data was analysed by SPSS 21. As the result of study, the intimacy with social workers had significant influences on the use of social welfare services of the married immigrant women. The results also showed that the intimacy with social workers contributed to the quantity of the welfare service-related information. Based on these results, implications of the important roles of social workers and the directions of their effective roles for the marriage based female immigrants to use the social welfare services were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2008

Purpose: To assess the health status and health behavior characteristics of immigrant women married to Koreans. Method: A descriptive research design was employed. Fifty female marriage immigrants who were clients of the visiting health program at W public health center were recruited. After full consent, direct interview with a structured questionnaire and physical measurements were conducted by visiting health nurses. Descriptive statistics were utilized. Results: All of the subjects showed normal blood sugar. 25.7% of them exhibited extreme body weight condition of either obesity or low body weight by BMI. 36.4% had pre-hypertension stage and 15.9% had first stage of hypertension. Only two of the women had been diagnosed with hypertension and treated by a doctor. Almost all (95%) of them perceived their general health status as good or moderate. Most of them did not exercise, smoke or drink. Regarding dental care, no subject brushed before lunch. and only one did between meals. About 30$\sim$60% of subjects had undergone health screening. Conclusion: Health education is needed for immigrant women married to Koreans to enhance their health behavior, prevent life style disease and improve their health.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence married female immigrants' perceived health status. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of dataset from the 2012 National Multicultural Family Survey in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, an analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression with the data of 3,014 married female immigrants. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that demographic factors (age, education level, nationality, period of residency in Korea, and residential area), socio-economical factors (monthly family income, employment, support from the government for basic living, and Medicaid), social support factors (marital conflict, satisfaction with family relationships, some one to talk about self or family matters, meeting with homeland friend, and participation in community meeting), and immigration factors (life satisfaction, experience of social discrimination, and difficulties with living and using medical care) were associated with perceived health status. Conclusion: It is important to pay closer attention to immigrant women who have low economic status, less social support, experience difficulties with living in Korea and using medical care. An effective support system for this population should be developed in order to help them successfully transition.