• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pilates mat exercise (PME) and instability support surface exercise (ISSE) for TUG (Time up & go) and static balance in the elderly person aged 65 or more. Method : 30 subjects in Y-equestrian were randomly divided two group, pilates mat exercise (PME) group and instability support surface exercise (ISSE) group. Each group carried out 40 minutes exercise two times a week for 12 weeks. TUG (Time up & go) and Biorescue were measured for static balance. Result : The results were as follows, the TUG between pilates mat exercise (PME) group and instability support surface exercise (ISSE) group in post-test, were significantly different in measures (p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise (p<.05). The static balance between pilates mat exercise (PME) group and instability support surface exercise (ISSE) group in post-test, were significantly different in measures (p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise (p<.05). Conclusion : These finding revealed that pilates mat exercise was effective on TUG and static balance in the elderly person aged 65 or more so that these exercise can be new alterative exercise for obesity management in the elderly person.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.517-525
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• 2022

Objective: The rehabilitation protocols for functional recovery have been emphasized after total knee arthroplasty, and Pilates is in the spotlight as a safe and easily modified exercise method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mat Pilates exercise on lower extremity function, postural balance, and walking in the individuals with total knee arthroplasty. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Eighteen older women with unilateral total knee arthroplasty was recruited in the study. The subjects were evaluated on lower extremity function, postural balance, and walking before and after mat Pilates exercise. All subject performed one hour mat Pilates exercise, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Mat Pilates exercises were focused on core stability and lower extremity strengthening and, more dynamic movements were added to increase the difficulty of movements every two weeks. The lower extremity function was measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), knee joint position sense, and five times sit-to-stand test. Postural balance was assessed by single leg stance test, functional reach test, and timed up and go test. Walking was measured by OptoGait system to temporospatial parameter. Results: The lower extremity function, postural balance, and walking were significantly improved after mat Pilates exercise, except for five times sit-to-stand test (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the mat Pilates exercise was a useful method to improve lower extremity function, postural balance, and walking in the older women with unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of Pilates mat exercise may improve trunk muscle thickness and balance in healthy adults. Methods: Eighteen healthy adults participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Pilates mat exercise group (n=9) and the control group (n=9). Subjects in Pilates mat exercise group performed the exercises three days per week for 6 weeks, which consisted of warm up, main workout, and cool down. Trunk muscle thickness of the rectus abdominis (RA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), transverse abdominis (TrA), multifidus (MF), and erector spine (ES) were measured using an ultrasonography. Balance ability was evaluated using Romberg test and limits of stability (LOS). Measurements were performed before training, 3 weeks after training, and 6 weeks after training. Results: There was a significant difference of RA, EO, IO, MF, and ES according to the main effect of time (p<0.05). There was a significant difference of EO, MF, ES, Romberg, and LOS according to interaction effect between the time and group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference only for LOS according to the main effect of the group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pilates mat exercise did increase trunk muscle thickness and balance. However, the effect with respect to trunk thickness was limited. Pilates mat exercise appears to be more effective in improving muscles related to trunk extension and balance.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.661-672
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate whether mat exercise and field exercise have effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults. Thirty subjects were participated in this study. And they were all randomly divided into mat exercise and field exercise group. To evaluate the effects of mat and field exercise, subjects were evaluated by using One Leg Stand test which was static balance test, and Berg Balance test which was dynamic balance test. Finally Gait pattern was assessed by using 3-dimensional gait analysis system. The assessment parameters were evaluated before, after 3 weeks, and after 6 weeks treatments. And we received a consent form from all subjects. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that One Leg Stand, Berg Balance, Stride length, Cadence, Velocity were significantly increased after than before exercise in both groups. So we conclude that therapeutic exercise that is mat and field exercise has effectiveness on the balance and gait in older adults.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.133-142
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effective recovery method of exercise-induced fatigue and muscle pain by comparing the effect of the use of illite hot mat product and general hot mat product on the recovery of muscle pain induced by high intensity exercise. Methods : To measure and analyze the changes in lactic acid, CRP, and ACR according to the high-intensity circuit training program, this study was conducted for the healthy adult men and women, who exercise st the K-region sports center. A total of 45 subjects were studied in 15 groups of 15 patients who received an illite hot-water mat recovery group (A group), 15 general hot-water mat recovery group (B group), and 15 control group (C group). The circuit training exercise program was conducted as a one-time exercise, and each exercise time consisted of 30 minutes of warm-up exercise, 5 minutes of main exercise, 20 minutes of clean-up exercise, and 5 minutes of strength exercise. The intensity setting was high intensity of subjective exercise intensity It carried out by setting to (14-16RPE). Results : Changes in Lactic Acid Concentration There was a significant difference in the lactic acid concentrations between the groups after the high intensity circuit training program (p <.05). The illite rest group (A) decreased 7.71 mmol / L and the control group decreased 4.03 mmol / L. Significantly decreased (p <.05). Changes in ACR Concentration. There was a significant difference in the ACR concentrations Significant differences were found in CRP and ACR during the recovery period after exercise. (p <.05), the elite rest group (A) decreased 2.47 mg / mmol, and the control group increased 1.63 mg / mmol. There was a significant difference (p <.05). Conclusion: The static rest on a heated mat after high-intensity exercise has an effect on changes in blood lactate and ACR levels.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.605-610
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the changes on lumbar muscle strength in relation to 12-week pilates mat exercise of elderly women. The participants are chosen for 17 people who is an experimental group and 14 people who is an comparison group who except wastage and pilates mat exercise program was gradually intensify applied three times a week, during 12 weeks. The peak torque of flexion was increased(p<.01) and the difference of ratio of agonist to antagonist was decreased(p<.001). The total work of flexion and extension had significant increased(p<.001) at $120^{\circ}/sec$. As a result of all these, it was judged as positive effect for body composition, basal physical fitness and lumbar muscle strength after pilates mat exercise in 12 weeks. These positive effects showed that pilates mat exercise could got conclusions that mitigated the musculoskelctal disorders, slow down the progress of disorders, helped as a functions of physical.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.329-336
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• 2015

In this study, Pilates mat exercise program three times a week for 8 weeks, 10 minutes for a warm up, 40 minutes of main exercise, and 10-minute cool down exercise using gadgetry to the middle aged women. Pilates exercise program when exercise intensity based on the instructions of the ACSM (2010) as 1-4 weeks 50-60% HRR, 5-8 weeks 61-70% HRR to give 50-70%, maintaining the strength of 4 weeks. Pilates exercise program by gadgetry has increased the strength of wireless heart rate meter (Polar Analyzer, Polar Electro of Finland) Karvonen (1979), proceed individual target heart exercise obtained as a way now to check your strength workout through individual conciousness. We estimated immunoglobulin change for Pilates mat exercise by gadgetry during 8-week. It showed the following conclusions. First, immunoglobulin IgA has been increased and Interaction effects has been showed thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Second, immunoglobulin IgG has been increased and showed Interaction effects has been showed thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Third, immunoglobulin IgM has been increased and showed Interaction has been showed effects thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Therefore, this study was conducted on a Pilates mat exercise using props immune function are positive hormonal changes, can prevent private for the disease and effective exercises that are the fodder.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.1777-1784
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was Changes of body composition and vascular flexibility check according to Pilates Mat exercise in elderly Women and in future, Exercise programs for seniors health promotion as evidence when tried to utilize. Female 30 elderly patients classified into the control group and the exercise group, who was conducted Pilates Mat exercise was gradually intensity applied for 60 minutes, three times per 1week, a total of 12 weeks. The following were result the study. Body composition showed statistically significant increased(p<.01) in skeletal muscle and body fat rates was decreased(p<.01), and there was no statistically significant difference in body fat mass. Vascular flexibility showed systolic pressure was statistically significant decreased(p<.01) and peripheral pulse pressure were statistically significant decreased(p<.01), and there was no statistically significantly difference in diastolic pressure and aorta pulse pressure. As a result of all these, it was judged that a positive effect for body composition, and vascular flexibility after pilates mat exercise in 12 weeks.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.282-288
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• 2022

Background: Pilates exercises are used for body shape correction because they can achieve correct posture alignment through spinal stabilization. Objects: This study aimed to determine whether the use of reformers increases the effectiveness of Pilates core exercises on body alignment in standing. Methods: The study included 30 women without known diagnoses of musculoskeletal and neurological disorders or cancer. Those who had taken more than 10 Pilates lessons were excluded. The participants were randomly assigned to either the reformer exercise group or the mat exercise group, and interventional Pilates exercises were performed for 60 minutes a day, three times a week, for a total of 8 weeks. Ten movements of the reformer and mat Pilates core exercise programs were included. Exbody^® 9100 MOMI musculoskeletal analysis equipment (Exbody Inc.) was used to assess the alignment of the standing posture in the frontal plane. Results: As a result of comparing the differences within and between the groups before and after the intervention using the two-way mixed analysis of variance test, height differences in the head, pelvis, left and right, shoulders, scapulas, knees, and ankles in the frontal plane after the intervention were found in both groups. For example, the left-right symmetry of the body alignment in the standing posture was significantly improved within each group (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both the reformer and mat Pilates core exercises were effective for standing posture alignment, which has clinical significance. If an exercise program is developed based on the analysis of movements necessary for posture improvement and the target muscles to be strengthened, the same effect can be achieved only with mat exercise without using the reformer equipment at the beginner stage.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1695-1699
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• 2019

Background : Although plank exercises is reported to the changes in muscle activity of the deep muscles and superficial muscles among the core muscles. However, no study has examined the effects of forearm plank exercise on tone and stiffness in the superficial back line muscle. Objective: To compare the effects of sling forearm plank exercises and mat forearm plank exercises on the superficial back line muscle tone and stiffness. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single blind) Methods: The subjects were randomized to sling forearm plank exercise group (N = 8) or mat forearm plank exercise group (N = 8). The measurements were taken for each research group following exercises: the muscle tone and stiffness of upper lumbar muscles, lower lumbar muscles, long head of biceps femoris, and medial part of gastrocnemius among the superficial back line muscles. Results: Sling forearm plank exercise group Indicated statistically significant increases in stiffness of medial part of gastrocnemius (p<.05). However, mat forearm plank exercise group reported no statistically significant in muscle tone and stiffness of all measured muscles. No significant differences in measured variables were found between the groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that the forearm plank exercise performed with an unstable surface in the defined sling can increase the stiffness of calf muscle, but it is unlikely to achieve increases in muscle tone and stiffness of the overall superficial back line muscles.