• Title/Summary/Keyword: mediation

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A Study on the Revitalization of Private Mediation System - Lessons from the Italy's recent Via-Mediation mechanism - (민간형 조정제도 활성화에 관한 연구 - 이태리의 '완화된' 조정전치주의 도입을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Jae-Woo;Oh, Hyun-Suk
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.129-154
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    • 2021
  • As our society and industry develop, disputes are becoming ever more complicated and diversified to the point that it is alleged that dispute resolution by court proceedings has certain limits and setbacks. Therefore, it is commonly suggested that mediation by a qualified mediator should come as an alternative method, and there have been many attempts to establish and provide mediation service in the courts and government authorities. To comply with a party's autonomy, which is the essential basis of mediation, and to promote the use of mediation, it is highly recommended that private mediation, rather than court-driven or administrative mediation, shall take the initiative. In the meantime, despite a number of academic research and attempts to increase the awareness and use of mediation nationwide, we have not yet seen meaningful developments due to the longstanding misunderstanding and discredit of mediation. In contrast, Italy has begun to revitalize mediation by enacting 'Legislative Decree No. 28/2020' following the 'Directive 2008/52EC' of the European Parliament and encouraging the so-called via-mediation policy. It is acknowledged to have significantly contributed to the development of private mediation in Italy and the increased use of mediation as a dispute resolution method. It shall be particularly noted that Italy's mediation proceedings have certain traits, including preliminary mediation meetings, mandatory involvement of legal counsel, and tax benefits for the settled cases by mediation. Italy's efforts would provide people with meaningful lessons and perspectives. As society strives to promote private mediation to distribute and utilize the judicial resources' inefficient ways, institutions need to develop practical measures to increase the number of civil and commercial disputes in the mediation proceedings. To that end, legislative efforts to enact relevant laws necessary to provide incentives to disputing parties and establish integrated education and certification programs to train qualified mediators need to start soon.

A Study on the Commercial Mediation System in China and its Implications (중국의 상사조정제도와 그 시사점에 관한 연구)

  • KIM, Jung-Nyun
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.66
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    • pp.171-190
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    • 2015
  • This thesis mainly studies the Commercial Mediation System in China and its Implications to Korea. Commercial mediation is an important dispute settlement method, however there are more studies on the issues of arbitration than the ones on mediation. Commercial mediation emerges From the tide of economic activity, needing an earnest research and to be developed. Business mediation law has been enacted in some nations like USA, but in Korea, there is no law in mediation field to follow. To set up business mediation law is necessary and urgent as well as feasible. This thesis first introduces the mediation of the general meaning including concept, makes a research concerning the sorts of the mediation, compares the effect of different kinds of mediation, and studies the current status of use of mediation in other countries. Than introduces current status of use of mediation in China, and examine mediation system in China. Through this studies, the writer no that there is almost equal problem in China comparing to Korea. So than examine how Chinese government make countermeasures to cover their problems, and give Korean government several implications that can learn from China.

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Utilization of Mediation under KCAB in International Commercial Disputes - Focusing on Comparison with AAA - (국제상사분쟁에서 KCAB 조정의 활용방안 - AAA와의 비교를 중심으로 -)

  • JANG, Eun-Hee
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.77
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    • pp.91-112
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    • 2018
  • Mediation is one of several alternatives to litigation or arbitration. It is the most informal of the alternatives and the only one that gives the parties control over the outcome. The mediator in mediation is there to help the parties persuade each other that it is in their best interests to settle. As several advantages of mediation, it is considered as the fastest way to resolve a dispute because procedures associated with litigation are not imported into the process. In mediation, the client's resources are focused on resolving the dispute as opposed to building armaments of evidence to buttress legal and factual positions. The AAA commercial mediation rules and operations in the USA are very successful owing to professional training for mediators and simple procedures for mediation to the public. Comparison with USA mediation, KCAB mediation system has several weak points. KCAB mainly deals with administrative matters related to Foreign Trade Law. Therefore, it is necessary for KCAB to come up with more improved international commercial mediation. For example, mediation should be promoted to the public as who easily rely on litigation or arbitration. Second, Setting a rule for easy access to mediation is needed by bench marking AAA's mediation guidelines and operations. Third, professional mediators should be developed by establishing relevant ADR course in law schools. This article investigated some differences of mediation system between KCAB in Korea and AAA in USA, and present some suggestions in order to promote International commercial mediation in KCAB.

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A Comparative Study on the Concepts of Mediation and Conciliation ('Mediation'과 'Conciliation'의 개념에 관한 비교법적 연구)

  • Yi, Lo-Ri
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.27-47
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    • 2009
  • Concepts of mediation and conciliation as alternative dispute resolutions are often confusingly used. As to what is meant by mediation and conciliation, there is no uniform legal definition. However, there has been a distinction between two methods of dispute settlement under the international law (UN Charter, WTO DSU, NAFTA, EU mediation directive, WIPO Mediation Rules) although there is no clear definition on the terms of mediation and conciliation. And also under the domestic law such as U.K, France, Germany, a clear distinction has been made between two terms. Mediation means a facilitated negotiation between two parties through the intervention of a third party. A third and neutral party (mediator) help the parties in dispute to find their solution by managing a certain mediation protocol and facilitating communication between the parties while in conciliation, a third party evaluative the case and can suggest the parties a legally non-binding solution. Once the parties accept it, it becomes binding between them. However, in the U.S,, it seems that there is no practical use of distinguishing mediation and conciliation. The term of mediation is more commonly used than the term of conciliation and it has two kinds of mediation such as facilitative and evaluative mediation. Korea's conciliation system is close to conciliation or evaluative mediation. In conclusion, what is distinct between mediation and conciliation is the role of third party. If a neutral third party takes a role of advisor or facilitator, then he or she may employ a proper protocol to help the parties to find themselves their solution (mediation) while if a neutral person plays a role of evaluator, then he or she listens to the parties and suggest a solution to them (conciliation).

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Comparison and Suggestions of Mediation System between AAA and KCAB (AAA와 KCAB 조정제도의 비교와 시사점)

  • Oh, Won-Suk;Kim, Dae-Hwan
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.139-167
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    • 2013
  • Mediation, which is part of ADR, is a method used to settle disputes amicably by employing a third party who is in a neutral position. Utilization and attention on meditation are increasing in place of litigation and arbitration owing to its effectiveness in terms of time, cost, and effectiveness in achieving an amicable settlement. As to Korea, mediation at the civil level was employed by the KCAB in July 2012 but its utilization was in ABC stage compared to mediation at the governmental and judicial levels. Based on this situation, this study reviewed the guideline and system of the KCAB through a comparison of the management system between the KCAB and AAA where mediation was in good use. This study further suggests solutions as to the development of an international commercial mediation system First, the KCAB rule is needed to create a mediation language, mediation place, mediator internationalization, and so on. Second, a system backup is necessary to ensure the enforceability and effectiveness of mediation. Third, a unified mediation law in Korea is desirable for the harmonization of mediations at civil, governmental, and judicial levels. The unified mediation law, if it is made, may lead to an international base where this requirement exists. Fourth, advertising the merits of mediation to the public is necessary. Fifth, securing specialized mediators and relevant training are essential. If the above requirements are implemented, Korea would advance in international commercial disputes.

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A Study for Active Plan for Integrating Mediation Systems (조정제도의 통합적 운용방안에 관한 연구)

  • Suh, Jeong-Il
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.37-54
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    • 2013
  • This article focuses on integrating institutional mediation systems, especially the analysis of the leading ADR operation. Mediation is a process in which an impartial third party, a mediator, facilitates the resolution of a dispute by promoting voluntary agreements by the parties to the dispute. A mediator facilitates communications, promotes understanding, focuses the parties on their interests, and seeks agreement. These standards give meaning to this definition of mediation. Standard mediation clauses are construed as broadly as possible, and mediation is compelled unless it may be said with positive assurance that the mediation process is not susceptible to an interpretation that covers the asserted dispute. Performing the conflicts check early in the process helps in eliminating any awkwardness or delays caused by making disclosures after mediation commences. Mediator impartiality is central to the mediation process. A mediator should mediate only those matters in which she or he can remain impartial and evenhanded. If at any time the mediator is unable to conduct the process in an impartial manner, the mediator is obligated to withdraw.

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A Global Trend on the Accreditation for Mediators - Focused on the U.S. and European Countries - (조정인 인증제에 관한 국제적 동향 - 미국 및 유럽 국가들을 중심으로 -)

  • YI, LORI
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.121-142
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    • 2017
  • A study on the global trend of accreditation for mediators implies many important aspects of controlling of the quality of mediation. Firstly, whether or not having an accreditation system, most European countries and the U.S. have a common understanding on the fact that mediators need to be trained to mediate disputes, apart from their own expertise on the subject matters. Secondly, private-led accreditation has been utilized in countries having a Anglo-American law system such as the United Kingdom and the U.S. a while nation-managed one has been operated in the countries having a continental law system such as Austria, Belgium, Italy and Germany. Thirdly, private mediation service providers (usually institutions or companies) play an active role in the training and accreditation of mediators and further make them act as mediators in the disputes referred to them. Fourthly, the countries having a nation-managed accreditation system usually stipulate a certain mediation training and accreditation requirement by law. Fifthly, there is no uniform trend on the minimum hours of training required for accrediting the mediators. Sixthly, mediation training generally focuses on the practical mediation capacity-building, including mediation theory and role-playing, mediation simulations, peer review and supervision. And finally, the mediation theory mainly includes the role of mediator, mediation procedures, mediation communication, negotiation and communication skills, mediation ethics and mediator's code of conduct, etc.

The Directions for the Development of Korean Online Mediation System for e-Commerce Dispute Resolution (전자상거래 분쟁해결을 위한 우리나라 온라인 조정제도의 발전방향)

  • Kim, Sun-Kwang;Hong, Sung-Kyu
    • International Commerce and Information Review
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.43-62
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    • 2004
  • The present study reviewed the meanings of mediation and the roles of mediators, and examined the necessities of online mediation system, prerequisites for the settlement of the system, foreign cases of promoting online mediation and the current state of online mediation in Korea. It also identified problems in the mediation system in Korea and, based on the analysis of problems, discussed directions for the development of Korean mediation system in broad perspective. Directions for the development of Korean online mediation system suggested in this study can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the government must make an unsparing investment in order to activate online mediation system in Korea. Secondly, from the aspect of online mediation procedure, it is necessary to introduce online mediation system in combination with online seal system or certification marks. Thirdly, the judicial circle must take an amicable attitude toward ADR system and, furthermore, it is necessary for the court to be active in introducing various ADR systems. Fourthly, it is necessary to establish an integrated mediation system for the efficiency of mediation and cost saving. Fifthly, mediators must be provided with systematic and exhaustive periodical retraining programs. Lastly, it is necessary to help people to recognize that mediation system is a better service than other forms of dispute resolution procedure and particularly to enhance users' confidence in online mediation through advertising its advantages and safety. Moreover, in order to make e-commerce-related online dispute resolution available to everybody, it is necessary to overcome language barriers by establishing perfect service systems including automatic translation system in the governmental dimension.

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MEDIATION MECHANISM FOR CONSTRUCTION DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN TAIWAN

  • Chun-Yi Hwang;Nie-Jia Yau
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2011.02a
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    • pp.357-363
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    • 2011
  • Mediation has long been praised as one of effective dispute resolution methods in the area of construction law. Article 85-1 of the Taiwan Government Procurement Act was amended and promulgated by presidential decree on July 4, 2007. The second paragraph of the Article elaborates explicitly, "In the event that the application for mediation referred to in the preceding paragraph is made by the supplier, the agency may not object to such application." Beyond that, if an unsuccessful mediation of a construction dispute is due to the agency's disagreeing with the proposal or resolution for mediation proposed by the Complaint Review Board for Government Procurement ("CRBGP"), the agency may not object to the arbitration filed by the supplier. It undoubtedly reinforces the importance of the mediation-arbitration procedure. Accordingly, this paper elaborates on the mediation mechanism in Taiwan in the framework of construction disputes first. After that, dispute resolution of a local public work case is provided to demonstrate the practice of construction mediation in Taiwan. Lastly, this study proposes suggestions on applying mediation to ease similar subsequent cases.

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A Study on the Course of the Developing of Mediation System in Korea (한국조정제도의 발전방향)

  • 이주원
    • Journal of Arbitration Studies
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.89-122
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    • 2002
  • Mediation is defined most simply as facilitated negotiation. An impartial third party(the mediator) facilitates negotiations between disputants or the disputants' representatives in their search for a resolution of their dispute. The disputants remain responsible for negotiating a settlement; the mediator's role is to assist the process in ways acceptable to the disputants. Sometimes this means merely providing a forum for negotiations or convening the negotiations. More often it menas helping the disputants find areas of common ground for resolution, offering alternatives, supervising the bargaining, then drafting the final settlement. mediation can occur between two disputants seeking to resolve one issue, or among many disputants seeking to resolve several issues. The disputants can participate in mediation themselves or they can have representatives negotiate for them. Mediation most often is a voluntary process. In Korea, as mediation could not have developed for lack of people's correct understanding on it, there must be enlightenment against the people, and it needs subsidiary from government and support from lawers. In order for the lawers to accomplish their role in progressing mediation procedure favorably, they should study and develope on the skill on mediate the case. Furthermore through the good mediation system, it also needs to induce the parties to participate in mediation procedure voluntarily. On the other hand, It also needs to bring up and develope the ADR institution to proceed the mediation impartially and effectively, and let them improve the mediation systems, like the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board.

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