• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2017

Purpose - These days, Korean society with more than 2 million foreigners has made multi-cultural society quickly. Multi-cultural society has become popular and anti multi-cultural phenomenon has grown up gradually against Korea's traditional habits. Research design, data, and methodology - European countries that were said to be multi-cultural society had suffered from terror, riot and other social conflicts. The study examined Koreans' racism and anti multi-cultural emotion to investigate the conditions and causes of anti multi-cultural emotion. Further, this study investigates a prevention of the worst case such as Norway terror and the countermeasures compared to each country's social customs. Results - Koreans are not generous to the foreigners. Foreign countries' cases after failures in multi-cultural society might give future implications on multi-cultural society in Korea. Conclusions - Korean society have not produced new one by introducing another races, nationality and culture not cognizing failure experiences of multi-culturalism like Europe. Nonetheless, Korean society shall not give up multi-culturalism. Korean society shall prepare for multi-culturalism society to lessen social conflict as much as possible and not to neglect anti culturalism emotion producing social conflict, and shall investigate the related causes to lessen anti multi-culturalism emotion and to integrate Korean style of multi-culturalism society for Korea as a tool of nation management.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.39
• /
• pp.473-505
• /
• 2007

Advertising is regarded as one of media's most proficient instruments of reflecting changing society. It represents the channel through which globalization and consumption culture have spread into everyday life. This study explores the significance and representations of multi-culturalism in contemporary television commercials. For the purpose, the social and historical meanings of the term 'multi-culturalism', generated inside and outside Korea, are discussed. A series of text analysis are followed, focusing on the representation of non-Korean models in terms of ethnicity and race. The result shows that the advertising is the instrument utilized in creating the relationship between multi-culturalism and racialism, which is called 'strategic multi-culturalism'. This strategy commonly happens in today's commercial advertising such as information/telecommunication, real estate/branded apartment complex, and bank/finance market. Despite the increasing number of multi-cultural commercials in the past decade, multi-culturalism in Korean society has not yet fully articulated.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.77
• /
• pp.255-288
• /
• 2016

Korean mass media has represented foreigners in their documentaries, entertainment shows, situational comedies, and dramas for long time, while the representations created plenty of controversies. Alleged West-oriented racism found from various televison programs may be one of them. Recently, however, more Korean television shows began to incorporate the ideas of multi-culturalism. This paper is an attempt to explore how television audiences interpret multi-culturalism reflected in the media. More specifically, this is a case study of JTBC's , a show featuring foreigners debating on various topics regarding Korean culture. Particularly, it focuses on disputes over the producers' decision to play 'Kimigayo' (the national anthem of Japan, which is also considered as a symbol of Japanese militaristic past) when introduced a new Japanese panel. Critical discourse analysis was adoped as the main research method, and researchers found that audiences draw certain guidelines in accepting multi-cultural aspects. If and when these aspects overstep the line, they tend to abandon it without hesitance. In the case of 'Kimigayo,' it was ethno-centrism and/or anti-Japanes sentiments which made multi-culturalsim much weaker. It does not mean that multi-culturalism was replaced-or defeated-by nationalism, but show the 'vulnerability' of multi-culturalsim. Multi-culturalism is not as concretely rooted in Korean society as many people have claimed or hoped. The research has its own limitations as a case study, but it is hoped to stimulate other researchers to keep their eyes on media and multi-culturalsim in Korea.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.151-171
• /
• 2010

Multi-culturalization in our society may be the cause of many problems, but if appropriately dealt with, diversity brought on by multi-culturalization could resolve chronic abuses in education and create a new culture, thereby contributing greatly to national development. The purpose of this study was to examine the current research on multi-cultural education and to provide a normative orientation to multi-cultural education. The literature research was conducted between March 2008 and September 2009. The followings are the findings of this study. First, the results reveal that the appropriate target of a multi-cultural society should not be assimilation, but rather, multi-culturalism. Multi-culturalism has greater adaptability, and the key lies in its respect for human rights, its strengthening of multi-cultural capacity, and its consideration for the minority by moving toward corporate multi-culturalism that aims for equality in results. Second, the first form of multi-cultural education emphasizes neutrality and argues that it is the best way to respect different cultures. This form of multi-cultural education emphasizes neutrality toward "sameness." In this context, sameness means equality of the rights of human beings. The other form of multi-cultural education emphasizes diversity and argues that it is the best way to respect different cultures. It focuses on the recognition of particularity. But it reveals its shortcomings when it excludes interaction not only between an individual and the culture, but also between the insider and outsider of the culture and its social institutions. Thus, multi-cultural education for mutual understanding is suggested. Third, it has been found that pure homogeneous nationalism must be destroyed, but nationalism needs to transform itself rather than be abolished in a globalized and multi-cultural society. Moreover, on behalf of pursuing open nationalism, the self-transformation of nationalism is advisable, in order to for it to overcome its antagonistic and exclusive nature.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.399-405
• /
• 2016

The purpose of current study was to examine how the attitudes toward culture and the experiences of cultural exchanges could influence on the multi-cultural awareness in health science college students in South Korea. Convenience sampling was conducted for data collection; thus, total 407 health science college students of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University in K province were recruited and asked to complete the survey for this study. As a result, those who had the experiences of contacting immigrants, had the experiences of contacting immigrants via the school activities, and took the classes related with multi-culturalism showed high multi-cultural awareness. In addition, attitudes toward culture and experiences of cultural exchanges showed positive relationship with a multi-cultural awareness. At last, based on the regression analysis, attitudes toward culture and experiences of cultural exchanges showed significant influences on the multi-cultural awareness in health science college students in South Korea. Health science students could play important role in immigrants' physical and psychological health care in the future. Based on the findings of this study, we strongly suggest to provide proper education and various activities of multi-culturalism to those students. It would lead to a high quality of care and firm health care system for the immigrant population residing South Korea.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.177-192
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to define masculinity as a shilling concept, stemming from the process of power groups controlling the conscious and unconscious of human beings to diffuse their ideologies, and to examine how masculinity has been reflected in aesthetic images in men's bodies and fashion. As for the research methodology, literary research and demonstrative studies through the analysis of pictures and photos were undertaken. Emerging in the wake of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the absolute powers such as the bourgeois elite, males and the Wet emphasized the importance of reason, and made aesthetic images such as authority, robustness and modernization in men's fashion. In the conversion to the Information Society, poweres horizintally spread out over society. By using non-reason, diverse power groups have broken down traditional masculinity and express diverse aesthetic images in men's fashion such as eroticism, multi-culturalism and liberation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.832-844
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to explain innovative changes of men's fashion in 'a cyber society', which has come with the advent of internet revolution and where we have witnessed social changes in view of sex, race and class. As for the research methodology, literary research was under taken to study characteristics of cyber society. And demonstrative studies on men's fashion were undertaken through the analysis of photos. 'Cyber space' is defined as 'a communication network of informations and opinions' or 'pseudo world created by computer technology'. Our current world, which has continuous interaction with cyber space, can be understand as cyber society. In a cyber society, transcendental structure is not accepted, feminine characteristics appear more frequently, and western-biased territorial features lose its ground. These characteristics are rooted in ideological characteristics of cyber society, such as opposition and composition. Considering the characteristics of cyber society, the aesthetic images of men's fashion in cyber society can be explained with de-authoritarianism, 　metrosexualism and multi-culturalism.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.85-101
• /
• 2009

The Multi-cultural Family Support Center provides various educational programs and services for multi-cultural families. However, there are controversies regarding integration and assimilation, ethnic identity and ethnocentrism, and state-sponsored multi-culturalism. From the home economist's perspective, it was necessary to explore the direction of integration of family life culture in the multi-cultural society. This study concluded that there is a necessity to accept foreign culture and create a new culture while still maintaining their and our own cultural identity respectively. For this purpose, integration and assimilation must progress side by side to maintain the cultural identity and stability of multi-cultural families. But, women migrants are to adapt in their everyday life, they need to attend a Korean-language course and take part in a traditional Korean culture program such as having an assimilational characteristics. Also for the happiness of multi-cultural families ultimately not for the confronted problems, it requires sometimes education of changing migrants' own traditional customs and life culture partly. In this sense, educational and cultural programs held by Multi-Cultural Family Support Center are meaningful and their importance in adapting into everyday life must be recognised by all of us.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.45-64
• /
• 2012

This research is about how infants' multi-cultural recognition and their sphere of activity can be changed when married immigrant women and infants' homeroom teachers were put together in the infants' multi-cultural teaching program. The subjects(children under 5) were selected in "S" city of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. And they were divided into experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and the control group. And this research did a pretest and post-test for the 60 children. The result of this research can be summarized into three parts. Therefore, it is possible to suggest that the improvement of infants' diversity recognition is affected by a certain kind of teacher and that he/ she can improve the infants' play ability. Experimental group 1 is proceeded by both married immigrant woman and the infants's homeroom teacher. Experimental group 2 was managed by only the homeroom teacher who was going through the same program as the teachers above. The control group was managed by a general nurturing program. This research did do a pretest and post-test for this experiment. -by Chun-Ok. Lee was used for infant's multi-cultural measurement. Mee-sook. Kim's measurement was used for measurement of playfulness between same age children. Meaningful differences was exposed in experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and the control group in sequence. The two experimental groups who had experienced a multi-cultural program seemed to have higher playfulness.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2015

In spite of increasing women migrants, proper social programs based on human rights are hardly found. In this paper, with the implication of 'diaspora', the essential term of multi-culturalism from the perspective of migrant women is briefly discussed. Also, social programs for migrant women are suggested through looking into the experiences of EU. EU policies and social programs are reorganized through data analysis and policy contents analysis. EU has longer history of immigration, and has provided the proper and long-term programs to accept migrant women as the qualified social member. EU social programs are based on the principles of non-discrimination, full employment, human rights and citizenship. Social programs should imply long-term inclusive policy for migrants, and help migrants to experience empowerment in the society. By looking into some examples of social programs of employment, education and general knowledge, useful social programs are to be suggested.