• Title/Summary/Keyword: neuropeptide Y

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Conformation and Biological Activity of the Neuropeptide $\gamma$ (Neuropeptide $\gamma$의 구조 및 생리활성)

  • Ku Hee-Jung;SEO Jung-Kil;KIM Eun-Hi;HUH Min-Do;CHUNG Joon-Ki;PARK Jang-Su;KANG Shin-Won;PARK Nam Gyu
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.244-251
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    • 1997
  • The relationship between structure and biological activity was studied on the three neuropeptides (mammalian, trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide $\gamma$) that were syntheized by the solid-phase method. Circular dichroism spectra showed that mammalian, trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide $\gamma$ adopted an unordered structure in buffer solution. In the-presence of neutral and acidic liposomes, mammalian and trout-neuropeptioe $\gamma$ also took a random structure. However, goldfish-neuropeptide $\gamma$ took an $\alpha-helical$ structure in acidic liposomes. The intestinal motility response was investigated with carp intestines, guinea-pig ileums and rat duodenums. In case of carp intestine, contractile activity was as follows : goldfish-neuropeptide $\gamma\simeq$ trout-neuropeptide $\gamma>$ mammalian-neuropeptide $\gamma$, On the other hand, the contractile activity of mammalian-neuropeptide $\gamma$ was more potent than trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide $\gamma$ in the guinea-pig ileums and rat duodenums. These results suggest that neuropeptide $\gamma$ show the species-specific activity.

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TESTING OF NEUROPEPTIDE Y INVOLVEMENT IN BLOOD FLOW REGULATION IN THE FELINE DENTAL PULP USING D-MYO-INOSITOL-1,2,6-TRISPHOSPHATE (D-myo-inositol-1,2,6-trisphosphate를 이용한 neuropeptide Y의 치수혈류 조절기능 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Kyo
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.366-374
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate whether D-myo-inositol-l,2,6-trisphosphate (PP56) can effectively antagonize vasoconstriction caused by neuropeptide Y in the dental pulp, and to understand involvement of neuropeptide Y in the regulation of microcirculation in the dental pulp with the aim of elucidating neurogenic inflammation. Experiments were performed on 7 cats anesthetised with sodium pentobarbital, and neuropeptide Y and a neuropeptide Y antagonist PP56 were injected close intra-arterially into the dental pulp. The probe of laser Doppler flowmeter was placed on the buccal surface of ipsilateral canine teeth to the drug administration and pulpal blood flow was measured. Intra-arterial injection of neuropeptide Y (1.3-$2.0\;{\mu}g$/kg) resulted in pulpal blood flow decrease of $37.73{\pm}5.73%$(mean${\pm}$SEM) (n=9). Intra-arterial injection of PP56(0.3 mg/kg) alone changed pulpal blood flow little by 1.03 % reduction. The effect of neuropeptide Y in the presence of PP56 resulted in significantly less decreases in pulpal blood flow ranging from $27.17{\pm}5.37$ to $16.63{\pm}3.48%$ from control as compared with neuropeptide Y alone(n = 13). In effect, PP56 attenuated pulpal blood flow caused by neuropeptide Y. Results of the present study have provided evidences that a non-peptide PP56 is capable of antagonizing vasoconstriction caused by neuropeptide Y in the feline dental pulp. In addition, they show functional evidences that neuropeptide Y plays an active role in modulating the microcirculation of the dental pulp.

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Structure and Contractile Activity of the Bowfin- and Shark-neuropeptide $\gamma$ (Bowfin-과 Shark-neuropeptide $\gamma$의 구조 및 수축효과)

  • KIM Eun Jung;SEO Jung-Kil;KIM Chan-Hee;GO Hye-Jin;HUH Min-Do;MOON Jung-Hye;PARK Jang-Su;PARK Nam Gyu
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.232-237
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    • 1999
  • The relationship between structure and contractile activity was studied on the three neuropeptide $\gamma$ (mammalian-, bowfin-, shark-NP$\gamma$) that were synthesized by the solid-phase method. Circular dichroism spectra showed that mammalian-, bowfin- and shark-neuropeptide $\gamma$ took an unordered structure in buffer solution and artificial liposome. The intestinal motility response was investigated with guinea-pig ileum, rat duodenum and carp intestine. In case of carp intestine, contractile activity was as follows; bowfin-NP$\gamma$> shark-NP$\gamma$>mammalian-NP$\gamma$, On the other hand, the contractile activity of mammalian-neuropeptide $\gamma$ was more potent than those of bowfin-, shark-neuropeptide $\gamma$ in the guinea-pig ileum and rat duodenum. These results suggest that NP$\gamma$ show the species-specific activity.

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Substance P and Neuropeptide Y as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korean Patients

  • Han, Hyojeong;Seo, Hong Seog;Jung, Byung Hwa;Woo, Kyoungja;Yoo, Young Sook;Kang, Min-Jung
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.158-164
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    • 2014
  • Substance P and neuropeptide Y were discovered as early diagnostic biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction in Korean patients and confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We screened 12 peptides from the sera of Korean acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and detected 3 peptides (neuropeptide Y, substance P, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) to be elevated from patients' sera by liquid chromatography mass/mass spectrometry. The elevated concentration of 3 peptides was confirmed by ELISA. The screening results revealed the substance P, neuropeptide Y, and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (47-76) concentrations were higher in patients' sera than in healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of substance P for AMI diagnostic marker were 80% and 83%, respectively, and those of neuropeptide Y were 87% and 90%, respectively compared to healthy controls. These results suggest that substance P and neuropeptide Y could be used as early diagnostic biomarkers in patients with AMI.

A Short Review on Human Functional Neuropeptide Y Receptors

  • Kothandan, Gugan;Cho, Seung Joo
    • Journal of the Chosun Natural Science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2012
  • Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a 36-amino acid polypeptide, is a member of the pancreatic polypeptide family, which consists of NPY, peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). The neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors called Y receptors belongs to G-protein coupled that are involved in a variety of physiological functions such as appetite regulation, circadian rhythm and anxiety. Five receptor subtypes have been cloned in mammals (Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5, and Y6) of which four are functional. In this short review, information about the functional NYP receptors was analyzed. Sequence analyses were done between these receptors to identify the relationships between them. Phylogram was generated between these receptors to identify the close homologue between these receptors. Our sequence analyses found that Y1 and Y4 receptors are close than the other receptors. Further structure based analysis could be useful to identify subtype selective antagonists and dual antagonists targeting Y1 and Y4 receptors.

Differential Expression of Neuropetide Y in the Hypothalamic Areas of Fasting and Anorexia Mutant Mice (Neuropeptide Y에 의한 식욕조절 관찰연구)

  • 김미자;김영옥;김혜경;정주호
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.34 no.7
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    • pp.727-733
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    • 2001
  • The present study was conducted to identify the mechanism about the regulation of appetite by examining the expression patterns of neuropeptide Y in the hypothalamus of mice either fasting mouse for 24 hours or with anorexia mutant mouse. In order to investigate the patterns of expression of neurpeptide Y, immunohistochemistry was employed for measurements at the tissue level, along with the molecular biological techniques of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and dot blotting. The results of this study are as follows. The level of expression of neruopeptide Y, a neuropeptide known to enhance appetite, was shown to be lowered in the arcuate nucleus(ARC), paraventricular nucleus(PVN), lateral hypothalamic area(LHA), and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus(DMN) in both the fasting and anorexia mutant groups when measured via immunohistochemistry, a tissue-level method. RT-PCR and dot blotting, the molecular biological methods employed in this study, revealed that the level of neuropeptide Y mRNA in the entire hypothalamus was similar in the control and fasting groups and lower in the anorexia mutant group. The results of the present study showed that while the levels of expression of the neuropeptide Y in the various hypothalamic regions studied did not exhibit regular increases or decreases when measured immunohistochemically. But the entire hypothalamus via molecular biological methods showed that the changes in these levels were more definite in the anorexia mutant group than in the fasting group.

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Neuromodulation on neurogenic contraction of electrical nerve stimulation on isolated renal artery of rabbit (토끼 적출 신동맥에 있어서 전기자극에 의한 신경성 수축작용의 neuromodulation 효과)

  • Kim, Joo-heon;Hong, Yong-geun
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.821-828
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    • 1996
  • To elucidate the neuromodulation of neuropeptide Y and $\alpha,\;\beta$-methylene ATP on the neurogenic contraction of electrical perivascular nerve stimulation and the contractile response of noradrenaline from polygraph in the isolated renal artery of rabbit. 1. The neurogenic contraction induced by perivascular nerve stimulation was the voltage-dependent manner(10-100V) in the isolated renal artery of rabbit. 2. Neuropeptide Y(0.1uM) and $\alpha,\;\beta$-methylene ATP(1uM) increased the contractile responses of noradrenaline in the isolated renal artery of rabbit. 3. Neuropeptide Y(0.1uM) and $\alpha,\;\beta$-methylene ATP(1uM) increased the neurogenic contraction of electrical perivascular nerve stimulation in the isolated renal artery of rabbit. These results suggest that neuropeptide Y and $\alpha,\;\beta$-methylene ATP neuromodulated on the neurogenic contraction of electrical perivascular nerve stimulation on the isolated renal artery of rabbit.

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Solution Structure of Neuropeptide $\gamma$ from Carassius auratus by NMR spectroscopy

  • Lee, Sangwon;Park, Namgyu;Kim, Yangmee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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    • 1999.06a
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    • pp.31-31
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    • 1999
  • Neuropeptide ${\gamma}$ is a recently identified tachykinin family peptide which has conserved ammo acid sequence of -Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2 in the C-terminal region, where X represents aromatic or hydrophobic residues. In this study, three-dimensional structure of neuropeptide ${\gamma}$ from goldfish Carassius auratus (G-NP${\gamma}$) was determined by NMR spectroscopy.(omitted)

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Job Stress and Neuropeptide Response Contributing to Food Intake Regulation

  • Kim, Ki-Woong;Won, Yong Lim;Ko, Kyung Sun;Kang, Seong-Kyu
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.415-420
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of the present study is to investigate the correlations between food intake behavior and job stress level and neuropeptide hormone concentrations. Job strain and food intake behavior were first identified using a self-reported questionnaire, concentrations of neuropeptide hormones (adiponectin, brain derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], leptin, and ghrelin) were determined, and the correlations were analyzed. In the results, job strain showed significant correlations with adiponectin (odds ratio [OR], 1.220; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001~1.498; p < 0.05) and BDNF (OR, 0.793; 95% CI, 0.646~0.974; p < 0.05), and ghrelin exhibited a significant correlation with food intake score (OR, 0.911; 95% CI, 0.842~0.985, p < 0.05). These results suggest that job stress affects food intake regulation by altering the physiological concentrations of neuropeptide hormones as well as emotional status.

Role of neuropeptide Y in the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment

  • Park, Min Hee;Min, Woo-Kie;Jin, Hee Kyung;Bae, Jae-sung
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.48 no.12
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    • pp.645-646
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    • 2015
  • The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or neurotransmitters in the bone marrow microenvironment has been known to regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions such as self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. However, the specific role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in this process remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that NPY deficient mice have significantly reduced HSC numbers and impaired bone marrow regeneration due to apoptotic destruction of SNS fibers and/or endothelial cells. Moreover, NPY treatment prevented bone marrow impairments in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced SNS injury, while conditional knockout mice lacking the Y1 receptor in macrophages did not restore bone marrow dysfunction in spite of NPY injection. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) secreted by NPY-mediated Y1 receptor stimulation in macrophages plays a key role in neuroprotection and HSC survival in the bone marrow. Therefore, this study reveals a new role of NPY in bone marrow HSC microenvironment, and provides an insight into the therapeutic application of this neuropeptide.