• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.664-670
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• 2016

Polyglutamic acid(PGA) 함유량이 증대된 청국장이 조골세포에 미치는 영향을 세포 수준에서 관찰하고자 하였다. 조골세포에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 세포 생존율, 염기성 인산분해효소(alkaline phosphatase, ALP) 활성, 골 석회화 형성능, 조골세포 분화 관련 유전자 발현능을 측정하였다. 세포 독성이 없는 농도에서 염기성 인산분해효소 활성을 측정한 결과 농도에 의존적으로 ALP 활성이 증가하였으며, 일반 청국장 A보다 PGA 함유량이 증가한 청국장 B가 더 높은 ALP 활성 증가 효과를 나타내었다. 청국장의 골 석회화 형성능을 측정한 결과 역시 청국장 A보다 B가 더 높은 석회화 형성능을 나타내었다. 또한 분화 관련 유전자인 OCN, OPN, Col1, ALP 역시 청국장 B가 A보다 유전자 발현이 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 PGA가 증대된 청국장이 기존 청국장보다 조골세포의 활성에 효과적일 것으로 생각한다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2012

Yam has been recognized having the beneficial effects for the prevention of various diseases, such as cancer, immunity, infection and obesity etc. There is increasing consideration to supplement the antioxidant nutrients to make up the lack of the antioxidant nutrient intakes. No study has been reported for the analysis of antioxidant mineral contents and comparison to dietary recommended intake for the sense of health promotion. In our study, we analyzed the contents of antioxidant trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents in cultivated Korean yam powders for evaluation of nutrient intake aspects. We collected the commercial yam powders from six different cultivated areas in the South Korea and measured antioxidant minerals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents using trace element-free plasma spectrometer (ICP) or atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) after dry-ashing and then wet-acid digestion. The accuracy of mineral analysis method was confirmed by the mineral analysis of standard reference material. Each analyzed element contents in yam were compared to dietary reference intakes of Koreans (KDRIs). The average levels of trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Se and Cr) in yam powders were 18.3, 11.9, 36.0, 3.7, 1.9 and 1.27 ${\mu}g/g$ yam powder, respectively. The intakes of Zn, Fe, Cu and Se of which KDRIs is determined, are accounted as being up to 23.8%, 55.6%, 32.5% and 236% recommended intake (RI) of KDRIs, if daily yam supplementation (50 g) of commercial instruction would be considered. The intake of Mn is about 25% adequate intake (AI) of KDRIs with the daily supplementation of yam powder. Most of mineral intakes from daily yam supplementation were with the range of non-detectable to <10% upper limit (UL) level, which is very much safe. The study results show that daily supplementation of Korean yam power is beneficial to provide the supplemental nutrient intake and also is safe, if the suggested dosage would be considered.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.927-931
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 농산 가공 폐기물로 버려지고 있는 포도씨 탈지박 methanol 추출물의 항비만 활성을 확인하고자 하였다. DGSE에 의한 TG 생성 저해효과를 측정하기 위해 시료를 3T3-L1 preadipocyte에 농도별(0, 25, 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$)로 처리하면서 분화를 유도하였다. 실험 결과 DGSE는 지방세포내의 TG 생성과 GPDH 활성 및 주요 전사 인자인 PPAR$\gamma$ 및 C/EBP $\alpha$와 $\beta$의 발현을 농도 의존적으로 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. DGSE는 100 ${\mu}g/mL$의 비교적 낮은 농도에서도 우수한 지방 분화억제 활성을 나타내어 경제적이며 효과적인 항비만 기능성식품으로서의 활용가치가 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.783-788
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 GSE의 항산화제와 비만 예방 및 치료제로서의 식품적용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical 및 hydroxyl radical 포착효과를 확인하였으며, 몇 가지 소화효소(단백질 분해효소, 탄수화물 분해효소, 지방분해효소)의 저해효과를 측정하였다. 그 결과 GSE는 우수한 항산화 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 특히, vitamin C보다 DPPH radical 소거효과가 약 2배, superoxide anion radical 소거효과가 약 2.7배 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, GSE는 소화효소인 trypsin, $\alpha$-chymotrypsin, $\alpha$-amylase, $\alpha$-glucosidase, lipase에 대한 저해효과를 갖고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과로 GSE는 항산화 효과와 비만 예방 및 개선을 위한 유용한 소재로 사용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the long term effects of breast feeding on growth, bone development and nutrient intakes in preschool children. Subjects were 62 preschool children. Anthropometric characteristics and bone mineral density of carpus were measured using DEXA. The questionnaire was composed of health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes and was completed by the children's mothers. The average age of the boys was 62.4 months and that of the girls was 62.1 months. Average birth height and weight of the subjects was 50.9 cm and 3.4 kg for boys and 50.3 cm and 3.3 kg for girls, respectively. The average height, weight, $\%$ body fat, and obesity index were 111.7 cm, 19.6 kg, $15.0\%$, $-2.1\%$ in boys and 109.4 em, 18.7 kg, $17.5\%$, $0.2\%$ in girls, respectively. Forty children were fed colostrum, 21 were fed breast milk, 29 were fed formula, and 12 were fed mixed milk. There was no significant difference in growth status between children who were fed colostrum and those who were not. Children who had mixed feedings were significantly taller than those who did not (p <0.001), and children who had colostrum had significantly higher bone mineral density than those who did not ($0.25 \pm 0.04 g/ cm^2$ vs. $0.23 \pm 0.04 g/cm^2$, p < 0.05). However, the different feeding methods did not show any difference in bone mineral density. Except vitamin $B_6$, folic acid and vitamin E, vitamin, mineral and calorie intakes did not meet the Korean RDAs. Calcium intake was especially lower than recommendations by as much as $62\%$ and $70\%$ in boys and girls, respectively. There was no significant difference in nutrient intakes between children who had colostrum and those who did not. However, children who were formula consumed significantly more animal fat than those who did not (p < 0.05). Neonatal feeding and breast or formula feeding seems to associate with height, bone mineral density and animal fat intakes in preschool children, based on the results of this study. A longitudinal study is needed to clarify this relationship.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2010

This study was conducted on 175 child-care teachers, who participated in in-service education, to research the methods to improve child-care teacher's nutrition management capability for infants and children. Investigated results of child-care teachers' nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude status, and needs on nutrition education in child-care centers are as follows: The score of child-care teachers' nutrition knowledge was 10.83 points out of 15, which is about 72%. Total score increased as teachers' age but not significantly different from their career duration, since teachers who have a child-care career less than 5 years acquired 10.91 points, which is higher than 10.64 points of teachers having more than 5 years of child-care career. Teachers' average recognition to the nutrition knowledge was 90.6%, increased significantly by the older they are, and decreased according to the accumulation of their career. The average accuracy of the nutrition knowledge was 79.7%, increased in proportion to the teachers' age. The marks of child-care teachers' dietary attitude were 41.3 points (possible score range 5-50) and 83%, older teachers tended to have more desirable dietary attitude. As indicated by the increment of child-care career, the score of emotional attitude tended to be increased but which of cognitive and behavioral attitude showed a declining tendency. Nutrition information which child-care teachers were mainly interested in were correct selection of food (58.1%), obesity and weight management (52.7%), and nutrient content of food (44.9%). Nutrition education contents which child-care teachers needed were 'nutritious food and menu for child' (72.2%), 'health management of child' (69.2%) and meal management of child (40.2%). Nutrition education methods, which child-care teachers considered as of desirable ones, were cooking class of small scale (31.8%), visiting class at child-care center (26.5%). In consequence, the nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude of child-care teachers were not good and showed different issues by age and career duration. Therefore, it is requisite to intensify nutrition management courses in child-care teachers' qualification and in-service education courses which has actual necessity and suitability based on teachers' age, career, and the type of child-care center, and to disseminate these through public health centers and child-care & education information centers to pursue the efficient balance of nutrition education programs.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigates the current state of consuming breakfast among elementary school students residing in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, and to identify factors that influence breakfast behavior. Methods: The research model was set up as per the health belief model, and slightly modified by adding the subjective normative factors of the theory of planned behavior. The survey was conducted from July 17 to August 15, 2017 using a questionnaire, after receiving the permission PNU IRB (2017_60_HR). Results: The subjects were 77 boys (49.4%) and 79 girls (50.6%) suffering from malnutrition with anemia (21.2%) and stunting ratio of Height for Age Z Score (HAZ) (11.5%). Furthermore, moderate weakness (14.8%) and overweight and obesity (12.3%) by Body Mass Index for Age Z Score (BMIZ) were coexistent. According to the results obtained for breakfast, 21.8% did not eat breakfast before school, with 18.8% of the reasons for skipping breakfast being attributed to lack of food. Even for subjects partaking breakfast, only about 10% had a good balanced diet. The average score of behavioral intention on eating breakfast was 2.60 ± 0.58. The perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy of the health belief model correlated with breakfast behavior. Of these, self-efficacy (β=0.447, R²=0.200) and perceived sensitivity (β=0.373, R²=0.139) had the greatest effect on breakfast behavior. Mother was the largest impact person among children. Conclusions: In order to increase the level of breakfast behavior intention among children surveyed in Indonesia, we determined the effectiveness by focus on education which helps the children recognize to be more likely to get sick when they don't have breakfast, and increase their confidence in ability to have breakfast on their own. We believe there is a necessity to seek ways to provide indirect intervention through mothers, as well as impart direct nutrition education to children.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2002

비만유전자 산물인 leptin은 비만뿐만 아니라 여성의 생식 생리와 관련이 있는 것으로 보이나, 아직 이러한 leptin이 난소에 직접적으로 작용하는지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 흰쥐 난소에서 leptin과 leptin 수용체의 발현을 면역조직화학방법으로 확인하고 발정주기에 따른 leptin과 leptin 수용체의 발현 양상을 RT-PCR 방법으로 조사하고자 하였다. 면역조직화학적 염색방법 결과 흰쥐 난소내에서 leptin은 협막세포와 폐쇄 난포의 일부 과립세포에 염색되었고, leptin 수용체는 협막세포, 간질세포와 난포강이 형성되지 않은 난포의 난자에 염색되었다. 특히 폐쇄 난포에서는 leptin과 leptin 수용체가 정상 난포에 비해 강하게 염색되었다. 흰쥐의 발정주기 동안 혈청내 estradiol, progesterone leptin의 농도는 ELISA 방법으로 측정하였고, 난소내 leptin과 leptin 수용체의 mRNA 발현 양상은 RT-PCR 방법으로 조사하였다. 혈중 leptin 농도를 측정한 결과 estrous 시기에 비하여 metestrous 시기에 유의하게 증가하였고, 이 시기에 progesterone 농도가 함께 증가하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Leptin mRNA는 모든 발정주기에서 발현되지 않았지만 leptin 수용체 mRNA는 diestrous 시기를 제외한 다른 발정주기에 모두 발현되었다. 이러한 결과는 leptin이 흰쥐 난소의 기능을 조절하는데 직접적으로 관여할 수 있다는 것을 제시하고 있다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 선행 연구에서 항당뇨 효능이 확인된 Ceriporia lacerata 균사체 배양물 건조물(CL01)을 3T3-L1 세포에 인슐린과 병용 혹은 단독 처리하여 CL01이 세포 단계에서 인슐린 신호 전달에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분화된 3T3-L1 세포에서 포도당 흡수 정도를 측정한 결과, 인슐린과 CL01을 병용 처리한 군에서 농도 의존적으로 유의적으로 포도당 흡수 정도가 증가하였고, 인슐린 부재 상태에서 CL01을 처리하였을 때는 포도당 흡수 작용이 거의 일어나지 않았음을 확인하였다. 또한 분화된 세포에서 인슐린 신호 전달 관련 단백질 및 mRNA 발현을 측정한 결과, IRβ, Akt, PI3K, AMPK 단백질의 인산화가 진행되었고, GLUT4 mRNA 발현이 증가하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이들 결과를 통해 CL01이 당 대사 및 인슐린 신호 전달에 관여하는 유관 단백질 및 유전자 발현에 영향을 미치며 이에 따라 세포 내로 포도당 흡수를 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 2014

본 연구는 65세 이상의 비만노인과 일반노인의 대퇴부 근육량과 등속성 근력을 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구의 피험자는 65~79세 사이 노인들을 비만군(BMI>25, N=21)과 일반군(BMI<25, N=13)으로 구성하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 대퇴부 근육량 및 지방량 측정 등은 CT 촬영을 통해 측정하였고, 대퇴부 등속성 근력은 BIODEX를 이용해 최대 신전력을 측정하였다. 모든 변인은 two-way ANOVA로 검증한 후 유의한 경우 Contrast test를 통해 사후분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 대퇴부 총 부피는 남녀 모두 그룹간 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 대퇴부 근육 부피는 비만군 남자가 일반군 남자보다 유의하게 높게 나타났으며 비만군에서 남녀 성별간 유의한 차이를 보였다. 피하지방은 그룹간과 그룹내 성별간 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 근간지방의 경우 비만군과 일반군의 동일 성별간에서만 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 또한 근간지방은 일반군 남자에서 비만인 남자에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났으며 성별간 유의한 차이도 확인되었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해보면 비만 노인은 일반노인보다 남녀 모두 큰 대퇴부 근육 부피를 가지고 있음에도 불구하고, 단위 체중당 대퇴부 근력은 일반노인이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 비만노인에 비해 일반노인의 근육기능이 생리적으로 더 우수하다는 것을 의미한다.