• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.332-339
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• 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale for Turkish nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional, methodological study design was used. The study was carried out at three nursing undergraduate programs in Turkey during the academic year of 2020-2021 with 336 senior nursing students. Language validity and content validity analyses were performed for the scale adaptation, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity. The reliability of the scale was determined using the test-retest and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Results: The scale-content validity index score was 0.988. In CFA, all goodness-of-fit indices verified the acceptable fit of the model; its root mean square error of approximation was 0.076; the normed fit index was 0.909; the standardized mean square residual was 0.097; the relative fit index was 0.881; the goodness-of-fit index was 0.915; the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872 and χ²/df = 2.932. The overall reliability was α = 0.86. The item-total correlations of the scale were above the acceptable level, and the test-retest analysis had a high correlation. The access to healthcare (14.68, SD 3.53) obtained the highest average score, and the adequate compensation (8.52, SD 3.76) was the lowest rated by the senior nursing students. Conclusion: The Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale is a valid and reliable scale to assess nursing students' future decent work securement.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.45-68
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• 2002

Technology adoption for information appliance, which is expected to grow rapidly in the near future, is different from other technologies in that it is mainly used in the home environment when the customers haven't experienced it before. This paper finds important variables from prior research about technology adoption and develops a measurement model that fits for the information appliance. Pretest and pilot studies for the model is conducted in order to guarantee content validity, reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity. Finally, LISREL analysis is used for finding out the causality among variables and testing for model fitness. The results indicate that three factors that influence behavioral intention are attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. Attitude is influenced by attitudinal belief, which consists of perceived usefulness, trialability, result demonstrability, image and enjoyment. Perceived behavioral control is influenced by control belief that consists of rapid change in technology, cost and ease of use. This paper ends with implications and limitations of study results.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.435-444
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• 2015

This study analyzes the structural relationship between attitudes and learning more properties in agricultural college education programs. The results were as follows. first, The model was accepted according to the some goodness of fit statistics such as ${\chi}^2$(84.28, p>.05), RMR(.036), RMSEA(.041), GFI(.927), NFI(.945), CFI(.985), IFI(985). seconds, Learning attitude(.31) and content validity(.47) in the structural relationship between variables is a direct impact on satisfaction. thirds, Perceived Usefulness(.34) and Content validity(.36) has direct effect of factor on learning attitude. Finally Perceived Usefulness was found to direct effect all Content validity(.64) and easy of use(.27). Finally, considering of duties required in the agriculture. increase the satisfaction of learners should have provide field learning based Learning materials, practices, instructional media. As a result, it will enhance the performance of field learning agricultural education programs.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.709-724
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-dimensional scale measuring consumers' perceived challenge in shopping fashion products online, and to verify its validity and reliability. Relevant literature is first reviewed to identify possible dimensions of perceived challenge. Next, Study 1 is conducted in order to explore the dimensions empirically and to see whether the dimensions that emerged were consistent with prior findings. A total of 190 responses to an open-ended question was qualitatively analyzed by using content analysis. The findings of Study 1 generate 26 items reflecting four dimensions (i.e., product knowledge, previous experience, website functionality, and product availability), which correspond to the dimensions suggested in literature review. Study 2 is subsequently conducted to refine the items so that the perceived challenge scale establishes cross-validation, convergent validity, discriminant validity, reliability, and predictive validity. A total of 238 responses is quantitatively analyzed by using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. In the results of Study 2, the perceived challenge scale is found to consist of a total of 16 items reflecting three dimensions: E-commerce Challenge (corresponding to Previous Experience reported in Study 1), Retailer Challenge (corresponding to Website Functionality), and Product Challenge (corresponding to Product Knowledge); all Product Availability items have been eliminated through the item refinement process. Specifically, E-commerce Challenge and Retailer Challenge are found to predict flow, supporting flow theory, while Product Challenge fails to lead to flow significantly. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies are also discussed.

• 대한간호
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1996

Nursing Diagnosis has evolved in the guest to define nursing and its functions. But for the application to clinical practice an unified system of terminology that helps nurses to assess selected data and identify potential or actual client problems is required. Consistent terminology that captures the real meanings of the nursing diagnosis makes oral and written communication more accurate and efficient. Therefore,' this study was performed to deliver a Korean-translated version of the nursing diagnoses through the process of content validity tests and translations. Data collection for the first content validity test was done from June 27, 1996 to August 1. 1996. Among 20 questionnaires only 16 were used for analysis. With the results of content validity, the list of 109 nursing diagnoses were reviewed by two linguists, one specialized in Korean and the other in English. To clear confusion on a diagnostic label "Incontinence" a urology specialist was invited for consultation. From this analysis and discussions a total of 98 nursing diagnoses was delivered and quesitons containing 98. 98 diagnoses were mailed to 741 subjects to test content validity from August 13, 1996 to October 7, 1996. Among 741 questionnaires, 343 were used for analysis. Total mean score of the diagnoses was 4.30 on the 5 point likert scale. The diagnoses that acquired less than 3.50 were "High risk for altered body temperature"(3.34), "Ineffective thermoregulation" (3.34), "Perceived cosntipation"(3.24). "Stress incontinence"(3.42), "Ineffective airway clearance"(3. 48), "Altered sexuality patterns"(3.35).

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.80-91
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• 2019

Purpose: This study attempted to develop a scale that measures the level of patients' recognition of the nurses' care, based on Watson's caring theory, and confirmed its reliability and validity. Methods: The items were developed through a literature review and an expert content validity test. The questionnaires were administered to 285 inpatients of internal medicine and surgical units at two general hospitals. Construct validity was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Results: This process resulted in a preliminary scale composed of 34 items; We used item analysis and five exploratory factor analyses, and consequently selected 14 items composed of three factors (respect, genuineness, and relationality). The confirmatory factor analysis verified the model fit and convergent and discriminant validity of the final items; criterion validity was confirmed with the positive correlation with the measurement scale of the patient-perceived quality of nursing. The overall scale reliability had a Cronbach's alpha of .92, which indicated internal consistency and reliability. Conclusion: The developed scale showed content, construct, and criterion validity, and reliability, as well as convergent validity for each item and discriminant validity between the factors. This makes it suitable for use in a diverse range of future studies on nurse communication using structural equation models.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.80-91
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• 2022

Purpose: This study developed an instrument to evaluate the health empowerment of North Korean women refugees and examined its validity and reliability. Methods: Through literature review and focused group interviews, 66 preliminary items with three constructs, including perceived control, perceived competence, and goal internalization were selected based on Menon's psychological health empowerment model. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 239 North Korean women refugees in the community from August 31 to September 4, 2020. Content, construct, convergent, and discriminative validity were evaluated. Cronbach's α was used to evaluate the reliability of scale. Results: The final instrument consisted of 31 items with three factors that were identified through confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent validity showed that the correlation coefficient was .52 (p < .001), which confirmed the validity of the developed measurement tool. Cronbach's α for all the items was .94, and Cronbach's α for the factors was .76~.91. Conclusion: This health empowerment scale has been developed to include aspects of health empowerment, provide a conceptual framework, and offer objective indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2017

Background Carpal tunnel release is one of the most common surgical procedures performed by hand surgeons. The authors created a surgical simulation of open carpal tunnel release utilizing a mobile and rehearsal platform app. This study was performed in order to validate the simulator as an effective training platform for carpal tunnel release. Methods The simulator was evaluated using a number of metrics: construct validity (the ability to identify variability in skill levels), face validity (the perceived ability of the simulator to teach the intended material), content validity (that the simulator was an accurate representation of the intended operation), and acceptability validity (willingness of the desired user group to adopt this method of training). Novices and experts were recruited. Each group was tested, and all participants were assigned an objective score, which served as construct validation. A Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to gauge face, content, and acceptability validity. Results Twenty novices and 10 experts were recruited for this study. The objective performance scores from the expert group were significantly higher than those of the novice group, with surgeons scoring a median of 74% and medical students scoring a median of 45%. The questionnaire responses indicated face, content, and acceptability validation. Conclusions This mobile-based surgical simulation platform provides step-by-step instruction for a variety of surgical procedures. The findings of this study help to demonstrate its utility as a learning tool, as we confirmed construct, face, content, and acceptability validity for carpal tunnel release. This easy-to-use educational tool may help bring surgical education to a new- and highly mobile-level.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2005

Multimedia applications and especially encoded video services, are expected to playa major role in the 3rd generation (3G) and beyond mobile communication systems. Given that future service providers are expected to provide video applications at various price and quality levels, quick and economically affordable methods for preparing/encoding the offering media at various qualities are necessary to be developed. This paper presents a method for objective evaluation of the perceived quality of MPEG­4 video content, based on a quantification of subjective assessments. Showing that subjectively derived perceived quality of service (PQoS) vs. bit rate curves can be successfully approximated by a group of exponential functions, the proposed method exploits a simple objective metric, which is obtained from the mean frame rate vs. bit rate curves of an encoded clip. The validity of this metric is assessed by comparing subjectively derived PQoS results to the corresponding ones, which come from the proposed objective method, showing that the proposed technique provides satisfactory PQoS estimation.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

본 연구는 창업기업을 대상으로 QFD(Quality Function Deployment) 교육 훈련 프로그램의 훈련 성과에 관하여 연구하였다. 창업기업은 3년 이상의 기업을 대상으로 하여 QFD 교육 훈련 프로그램을 통해 창업기업들의 훈련 참가자들이 학습 전이 의도 즉 학습후 적용하고자하는 동기 부여 효과에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 본 프로그램의 의도는 3년 이상 창업 기업들이 본 훈련 과정을 통해 현재의 매출액을 5배 이상의 성과를 달성할 수 있도록 훈련하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 기업들에게 실질적으로 사업성과에 도움이 되는 교육 훈련 프로그램을 기획 및 보급하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 독립변수로는 학습자 준비상태, 훈련내용 타당성인지로 하였고, 매개변수로 학습자의 자기효능감, 종속변수로는 학습 전이의도를 설정하였다. 실증분석 결과 학습자 준비상태는 학습 전이 의도에 직접적으로는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으나, 자기효능감을 매개변수로 하여 완전한 매개 효과가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 훈련내용 타당성 인지는 학습 전이 의도에 직접효과와 함께 자기효능감을 매개변수로 부분 매개 효과가 발생하는 것으로 검증되었다. 본 연구의 시사점은 현실에 접목하기 쉽게 실천중심으로 설계된 훈련 프로그램은 학습자의 준비 상태에 관계없이 학습자에게 자기효능감을 높이고 이를 통해 학습 전이 의도를 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 본 연구의 실험 대상 프로그램이 KS-QFD 프로그램이 창업기업들에게 매우 실용적이고도 도움이 되는 프로그램임을 입증한다고 볼 수 있다.