• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.62-65
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• 2002

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are in-situ barriers constructed in a subsurface to treat contaminated groundwater using various reactive media. The common reactive medium used in PRB is zero-valent iron, which has been widely used to treat chlorinated solvents (i.e., PCE, TCE). A disadvantage of iron media is high cost. In this study, waste foundry sands were tested to determine the feasibility of their use as a low cost reactive medium. Batch and column tests were conducted with TCE to determine transport parameters and reactivity of the foundry sands. The reactivities of foundry sands for common groundwater contaminants are comparable to or slightly higher than those for Peerless iron, a common medium used in PRBs. In addition, the TOC and clay in foundry sands can significantly retard the movement of target contaminant, which may result in lower effluent concentration of contaminant due to biodegradation. In general, PRBs 1-m thick can be constructed with many foundry sands to treat TCE provided the zero-valent iron content in the foundry sand is higher than 1%.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.186-195
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to develop the time-dependent, one-dimensional numerical model on the interaction between irregular waves and two-layer permeable coastal structures, by extending and modifying the numerical model PBREAK(Wurjanto and Kobayashi, 1992) which is applicable only to one-layer permeable coastal structures. The two-layer permeable coastal structure consists of two permeable underlayers with different permeable media resting on an impermeable slope and an armor layer covering the permeable underlayer. The numerical model of this study simulates the wave over rough permeable underlayer of arbitrary geometry as well as the waves inside two-permeable underlayers of arbitrary thickness for specified normally-incident irregular waves. The utility of the numerical model is founded from comparing with PBREAK and the four hydraulic model tests under irregular waves. The sensitivities of computed results according to typical parameters(porosity, stone diameter, horizontal width of the permeable underlayer) and major factors(friction factor of primary armor layer etc.) discussed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.542-547
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• 2000

It has become interested in the concept of permeable barriers for the containment and/or destruction of contaminated groundwater. The purpose of these trench-like barriers is to provide in situ capture and possibly destruction of the contaminant while preserving groundwater flow to uncontaminated zones. For instance, a trichloreethylene(TCE) plume may be contained by a permeable in which reactive iron reduces TCE to ethylene and ethane, compounds which can be easily biodegraded. The objective of this research is to examine the feasibility of using zero-valent iron as a clean-up media in permeable reactive barrier system. A series of laboratory column tests are performed. The concentration of influent and effluent water and the rate of clean up are analysed from these test results. The experimental result shows that the majority of the contamination in groundwater is removed in the reactor. And it shows the corresponding increase in the concentration of chloride ions through the reactor. Results from this study indicate that permeable reactive barrier containing admixtures of zero-valent iron and other materials can effectively clean up groundwater contaminated with organic compounds.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2006

In recent years, there's been strong demand for seawalls that havea gentle slope and permeability that serveswater affinity and disaster prevention from wave attack. The aim of this study is to examine wave transformation, including wave run-up that propagates on the coastal structures. A numerical model based on the weak nonlinear dispersive Boussinesq equation, together with the unsteady nonlinear Darcy law for fluid motion in permeable layer, is developed. The applicability of this numerical model is examined through Deguchi and Moriwaki's hydraulic model test on the permeable slopes. From this study, it is found that the proposed numerical model can predict wave transformation and run-up on the gentle slope with a permeable layer, but can't show accurate results for slopes steeper than about 1:10.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2004

This paper describes a method of detecting formation boundaries, and permeable fractures, from frequency-domain Stoneley wave logs. Field data sets were collected between the depths of 330 and 360 m in well EE-4 in the Higashi-Hachimantai geothermal field, using a monopole acoustic logging tool with a source central frequency of 15 kHz. Stoneley wave amplitude spectra were calculated by performing a fast Fourier transform on the waveforms, and the spectra were then collected into a frequency-depth distribution of Stoneley wave amplitudes. The frequency-domain Stoneley wave log shows four main characteristic peaks at frequencies 6.5, 8.8, 12, and 13.3 kHz. The magnitudes of the Stoneley wave at these four frequencies are affected by formation properties. The Stoneley wave at higher frequencies (12 and 13.3 kHz) has higher amplitudes in hard formations than in soft formations, while the wave at lower frequencies (6.5 and 8.8 kHz) has higher amplitudes in soft formations than in hard formations. The correlation of the frequency-domain Stoneley wave log with the logs of lithology, degree of welding, and P-wave velocity is excellent, with all of them showing similar discontinuities at the depths of formation boundaries. It is obvious from these facts that the frequency-domain Stoneley wave log provides useful clues for detecting formation boundaries. The frequency-domain Stoneley wave logs are also applicable to the detection of a single permeable fracture. The procedure uses the Stoneley wave spectral amplitude logs at the four frequencies, and weighting functions. The optimally weighted sum of the four Stoneley wave spectral amplitudes becomes almost constant at all depths, except at the depth of a permeable fracture. The assumptions that underlie this procedure are that the energy of the Stoneley wave is conserved in continuous media, but that attenuation of the Stoneley wave may occur at a permeable fracture. This attenuation may take place at anyone of the four characteristic Stoneley wave frequencies. We think our multispectral approach is the only reliable method for the detection of permeable fractures.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2007

일반적으로 균열암반 매질은 수리전도도 혹은 그 난수장이나(연속체 모형), 투수성 균열의 공간적 통계적 분포(불연속균열망 모형)를 이용하여 표현할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 잘 알려진 균열암반매질의 개념 모형의 실질적 적용성을 검토하기 위하여 충청남도 금산군 남이면 남이자연휴양림 내 한국지질자원연구원 시험부지 내에서 다양한 현장 수리 시험을 적용하고, 그 결과를 비교검토하였다. 본 지역에서 투수성 구간의 수리전도도 값은 $7.67{\times}10^{-10}{\sim}3.16{\times}10^{-6}$ m/sec이며, 산술평균은 $7.70{\times}10^{-7}$ m/sec, 기하평균은 $2.16{\times}10^{-7}$ m/sec이다. 단공 패커 시험의 경우 총 8개의 공에서 총 110개 구간에 대한 시험을 수행하였다. 이 시험 구간 중 불투수성 구간은 총 9개, $1.0{\times}10^{-8}$ m/sec 이하의 수리전도도를 가지는 저투수성 구간은 총 14개로 전반적으로는 투수성이 양호한 것으로 확인되었다. 단공 패커시험을 통해 나타난 수리전도도의 수직적 분포는 단공 유향 유속 시험 결과와 비교적 잘 부합하는 양상으로 나타나고 있다. 하지만, 공간 수리시험의 결과는 전반적으로 투수성이 양호하다는 단공 시험 결과와는 다소 다른 양상을 보인다. 공간시험의 결과는 투수성보다는 연결성을 포함한 균열암반 매질의 투수성/불투수성의 이진법적 특성에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 균열암반 매질에서의 지하수 유동에 대한 개념 모형의 현실적이고 합리적인 설정을 위해서는 투수성/불투수성의 이진법적 특성에 대해 어떻게 규명할 것인가에 대한 조사방법과 해석방법에 대한 지속적인 연구가 요구된다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2010

본 연구는 딸기의 수경재배에서 증발냉각방식을 이용하여 배지의 지하부 온도를 관리할 수 있는 냉각시스템을 개발하고 고온기 온실내 기온에 따른 배지내 온도분포 특성을 분석하고자 다공질 필름 덕트법, 배지 상면 기습부직포 멀칭법, 투수부직포 재배조 표면 증발법의 3가지 냉각시스템에 대하여 배지냉각특성을 시험하였다. 그 결과 투수부직포 재배조 표면 증발법의 경우 온실내 기온 $35^{\circ}C$인 배지표면의 온도와 상대습도 50%일 때 재배조 표변의 부직포의 온도는 $27^{\circ}C$로 니타났으며, 뿌리가 많이 분포되어 있는 배지내 온도는 $28{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ 정도로 나타나 외기온에 비하여 $5{\sim}7^{\circ}C$ 정도로 기장 크게 강하되었다. 따라서, 투수부직포 재배조 표면 증발법이 가장 효율적인 배지냉각 방법이라고 판단된다.

• 한국연안방재학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

In order to examine the characteristics of tsunami run-up heights on impermeable/permeable slope, a numerical wave tank by upgrading LES-WASS-3D was used in this study. Then, the model were compared with existing hydraulic model test for its verification. The numerical results well reproduced experimental results of solitary wave deformation, propagation and run-up height under various conditions. Also, the numerical simulation with a slope boundary condition has been carried out to understand solitary wave run-up on impermeable/permeable slope. It is shown that the run-up heights on permeable slope is 52.64-63.2% smaller than those on the impermeable slope because of wave energy dissipation inside the porous media. In addition, it is revealed that the numerical results with slope boundary condition agreed well with experimental results in comparison with the results by using stair type boundary condition.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.313-327
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 캐나다 아사바스카 지역의 맥머레이층에 대한 3차원 지구통계 모사를 실시하였으며 모사 결과를 바탕으로 심부지열회수방법을 통한 경제적 산출 가능 지역을 가늠하고자 하였다. 비투멘의 효율적인 생산을 위하여 SAGD 공법의 최적 입지를 선정하는데 있어 스팀챔버의 충분한 수직적 연장성을 확보하는 것은 중요한 사항이다. 연구지역에서 획득한 110개의 시추공 자료에 대하여 마르코프 전이 확률 기반의 분석을 실시하였으며 이를 바탕으로 맥머레이층 구성 암상에 대한 추계론적 예측을 실시하였다. 추계론적 모사를 통하여 획득한 다중재현을 기반으로 앙상블 확률 분포도를 제작하였으며 이는 각 암상이 분포 할 수 있는 포텐셜을 보여준다. 앙상블 확률 분포도를 이용하여 투수성 퇴적층(역질 퇴적층 및 사질 퇴적층)에 대한 누적 층후도를 구성하였으며 이를 바탕으로 SAGD 공법이 적용될 수 있는 최적 입지를 선정하였다. SAGD 최적 입지 선정을 위한 추가적인 분석을 실시하기 위하여 전이율을 바탕으로 한 단일 퇴적층의 평균적인 수직 및 수평적 연장성을 산정하였다. 투수성 퇴적층의 평균적인 수직적 연장성은 대체로 투수성 퇴적층에 대한 누적층후도 분포도와 유사한 분포 양상을 보이나 일부 누적 층후가 큰 위치에서 유사하지 않은 양상을 보인다. 이는 누적 층후도와 평균적인 수직적 연장성 분포 양상이 유사하지 않은 지역은 투수성 퇴적층과 다른 암상과의 교호성은 매우 크나 투수성 퇴적층의 수직적인 연장성은 좋지 않음을 의미한다. 따라서 누적층후도 뿐 만 아니라 투수성 퇴적층의 수직적 연장성 또한 충분히 고려하였을 때 건전한 SAGD 최적 입지를 선정하는데 충분히 신뢰성 있는 결론을 도출 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2005

In the present study a feasibility of a novel filtration process using synthetic for secondary effluent reclamation was investigated. Polyurethane was chosen as a filter medium among tested three media. Compressibility and up-flow velocity were changed to determine the optimum operation for the system. An equation was introduced to express the relationship between the removal efficiency and up-flow velocity. In pilot study, the synthetic medium filtration with compression showed very stable effluent quality without clogging trouble, though the system operated with 3 times higher filtration rate and much longer backwashing interval than conventional systems.