• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.6000-6017
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• 2018

This paper presents a new descriptor, named Histograms of Prominent Edge Directions (HPED), for the recognition of facial expressions in a person-independent environment. In this paper, we raise the issue of sampling error in generating the code-histogram from spatial regions of the face image, as observed in the existing descriptors. HPED describes facial appearance changes based on the statistical distribution of the top two prominent edge directions (i.e., primary and secondary direction) captured over small spatial regions of the face. Compared to existing descriptors, HPED uses a smaller number of code-bins to describe the spatial regions, which helps avoid sampling error despite having fewer samples while preserving the valuable spatial information. In contrast to the existing Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) that uses the histogram of the primary edge direction (i.e., gradient orientation) only, we additionally consider the histogram of the secondary edge direction, which provides more meaningful shape information related to the local texture. Experiments on popular facial expression datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed HPED against existing descriptors in a person-independent environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.22-35
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the applicability and effectiveness of the Person - centered counseling program in the field of counseling service provided by the Independent Living Center for Persons with Disabilities. Thirteen participants, operating peer counseling program at the Independent Living Center who finished 9 sessions of person - centered counseling program over 3 months were interviewed. The collected data were analyzed using Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR). The results were grouped into three themes as "Acceptance as oneself", "Counselor's variables", and "Limitations and unsatisfactory points". Eight categories such as "The relationship with myself and others", "Accepting oneself though with discomfort", "changed perspective about problems", "Recognizing the parts that oneself was not aware", "Accepting one's potentials as well as limitations", "Opportunity to reflect one's life", "Attitude about life ahead" were retrieved with 23 sub-categories. Based on the results, the possibility of applying person - centered approach on peer counseling was presented. Finally, several suggestions for the development of person-centered approach for peer counseling were discussed.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.132-137
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• 2021

Purpose: To study the perception and satisfaction of in-person and online classes for dental technology students. Methods: A total of 420 questionnaires were distributed to dental technology students between June 1 and June 30, 2021. Of these, 225 questionnaires were assessed using frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's Chi-squared test, and independent t-tests via IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 (IBM). Results: For theory subjects, satisfaction was higher for online classes than in-person classes (p=0.001). For practical subjects, satisfaction was higher for in-person classes than online classes (p=0.002). Both the learning effect and motivation for learning were higher for in-person classes than online classes (p=0.001). Conclusion: When in-person and online classes become coexistent, there should be educational guidelines for improving the quality and effectiveness of learning in these different contexts.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.73-89
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• 2019

This study explores the social phenomenon of the universalization of one-person households through a literature analysis and text mining in order to explore a future direction for Home Economics Education(HEE) development in the one-person household era. From 2010 to 2018, texts from newspaper articles and book content of one-person households were analyzed through R program. The results of the study are as follows. In order to develop students' competency to live a happy life in the one-person household era, it is necessary to: (1) expand the preemptive and collaborative research of HEE, (2) develop and operate a curriculum to raise the living competency to live alone, (3) expand opportunities for secondary school students as well as off-campus youth, middle-aged, and elderly students, and (4) develop various HEE's elective curriculum focusing on the ability to live as one-person household. Also, (5) in order to overcome the psychological and social poverty and isolation of one-person households, HEE should strengthen the learner's ability to form relationships through self-esteem, care of others, community life, communication and conflict resolution education. In conclusion, HEE's independent living competency, relationship formation competency, and practical problem solving competency are all necessary competencies to live in one-person households. In this study, it is meaningful to suggest a future direction for HEE and to use new research methods such as word cloud techniques in the absence of HEE's previous research in relation to the increase of one-person households.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.28-40
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was (1) to identify the experimental bias which could appear person perception as results of development methods (2) to find out the most desirable method in developments of stimulus. The research was a quasi experiment and the subjects were 358 male and female undergraduate students by convenient sampling. The experimental instruments consisted of a set of stimulus and semantic differential scales of 7-point bi-polar adjectives. The collected data were analyzed by Principle Component Analysis, ANOVA(analysis of variance), Scheffe's multiple range test. The independent variables were developing methods of stimulus(live person, photography of real person, 2 kinds of black and white line drawing, 2 kinds of color drawing). The results were as follows. First, five factors which were potency, sociality, appearance, evaluation, activity impressional dimensions emerged to account for the methods of development of stimulus. Second, the methods of development of stimulus had significant effects on potency, sociality, appearance, activity factors. In sociality factors, the impression of photographic stimulus was the closest to the live person's impression. However in the appearance and activity impressions, significant difference existed between live person and other developing stimulus. In the potency impression, black and white line-drawing gave the highest impressional bias. In the sociability and appearance impressions, color-drawing stimulus gave the highest impressional bias. Result: On conclusion the developments of stimulus can effect on stimulus person's impressions and these effects can produce experimental biases, the photographic stimulus gave the least impressional bias. The study shows that photography of real person will produce minimize measurement error.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.105-109
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• 2007

Aging society appears immediate social problem in Korea. Housing for aging is required independent and comfortable housing life to live considering about feature of elderly. It is necessary field to prepare. Aged person who suffers the aging process several stages gets changing weak, so living environment is important aging person aspect of social, psychological and physical point. Finally, aged person living together requires facilities for the naturally communicating and active things. Community of aged person required organization of space for keeping independence and connection with each other. According to space of community, housing for aging should have a different access route. In conclusion, congregate housing of the elderly should be planed organization of space to be solved anxiety and tension and to be aware of joining the community.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.66-75
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine person-centered care, nursing professionalism, the nursing work environment, and empathy capacity among hospice ward nurses and to identify the factors affecting person-centered care. Methods: Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire completed by 120 nurses at 30 inpatient hospice institutions in South Korea from August 24, 2020 to September 8, 2020. The independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS version 26.0. Results: The scores were 3.76±0.45 for person-centered care, 3.58±0.47 for nursing professionalism, 3.24±0.57 for the nursing work environment, and 4.00±0.46 for empathy capacity. There were positive correlations between the variables. Factors that influenced the person-centered care of hospice nurses were being a manager (β=0.20, P=0.002), high nursing professionalism (β=0.20, P=0.012), a better nursing work environment (β=0.15, P=0.033), and high empathy capacity (β=0.51, P<0.001). The explanatory power was 65.3%. Conclusion: To reinforce the person-centered care competency of hospice nurses, it is necessary to improve nursing professionalism, the nursing work environment, and empathy competency. Opportunities for nurses to practice independently must be expanded for nurses to develop nursing professionalism. Sufficient nursing personnel and material resources must be provided to nurses to cultivate a positive work environment. Empathy should be improved by implementing integrated education programs that include nursing practice situations.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.14-25
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between burnout, nursing work environment, patient-centered communication, and person-centered care nursing among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and to identify factors related to person-centered care nursing. Methods : This is a descriptive study involving 156 ICU nurses. A structured questionnaire was used to assess burnout, nursing work environment, patient-centered communication, and person-centered critical care nursing performance. Data were collected from February to March 2020, and descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were conducted using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results : The mean scores for person-centered care nursing, burnout, nursing work environment, and patient-centered communication of ICU nurses were 3.52±0.42, 3.00±0.76, 2.62±0.34, 4.06±0.64, respectively. Person-centered nursing showed a statistically significant negative correlation with burnout (r=-.20, p=.013) and a statistically significant positive correlation with patient-centered communication (r=.49, p<.001). In addition, patient-centered communication (𝛽=.47, p<.001) was significantly correlated with person-centered nursing. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the factors affecting the person-centered care nursing of ICU nurses were patient-centered communication. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and apply patient-centered communication programs for improving the person-centered nursing performance of ICU nurses.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 1995

This study is to analyze dwelling environmental planning in old age of middle age. For this purpose. the data were collected by using questionnaire distributed to 332. The data were analyzed by Chisquare test. The major findings of this research were as follow: 1. In housing plan of old age. they prefer new house .that is not exisiting house. independent house and ordindry housing region in the suburbs of urban. 2. It is 69.3～99 square meter what size of house is suitable for independent life of aged person for living with children. it is 102.3～132 square meter. 3. In the stage of independent or semi-independent life. they want aged couple-independent life. In the stage of dependent life. they want to be cared with children. 4. The garden(madang) is the most important space for age couple in establishing housing plan. They want to amplity life recuperation center and job providing facilities. In old age housing project. they prefer housing type with facility that combine old age house with young age house. According to increasement of dependence. the service support system required flexi-care-system.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.483-496
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• 2020

This study examined the effects of eating alone, meal type, and dietary lifestyles on healthy eating capability of one-person households. We analyzed the mediation effects of weekly frequencies of each meal type taken by one-person households between eating habits such as eating alone and dietary lifestyles of one-person households and healthy eating capability. We also analyzed data from the 2019 Food Consumption Behavior Survey using a sample of 688 one-person households. Factor analysis, latent profile analysis, structural equation model analysis was conducted; direct and indirect effects of independent variables were tested using bootstrap method. The major results were as follows. Frequency of eating alone was about 10 times a week on average; one-person households had home-made meals about 12 times a week, for restaurant meals, 4 times, for delivered/take-out food, 0.39 times, and for other types, 0.44 times. Weekly frequencies of eating alone and meal types taken by one-person households were significantly different among the different socio-demographic groups. Dietary lifestyle was classified into four classes: traditional, health ignorant, food lifestyle ignorant, and balanced. Eating alone and dietary lifestyle had a significant effect on weekly frequency of each meal type. Frequencies of eating alone, balanced dietary lifestyle, and taking home-made meals had a positive direct effect on healthy eating capability, and frequency of taking delivered or take-out food and food consumption ignorant lifestyle had a negative direct effect. Eating alone, balanced and traditional dietary lifestyles had a positive indirect effect through the meal type; however, watching Mug-bang had a negative indirect effect.