• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

This paper proposes an effective parallel implementation of a physical modeling synthesis of guitar on the GPU environment. We used appropriate filter coefficients and adjusted the length of delay line for each open string to generate 44,100 six-polyphonic guitar sounds (E2, A2, D3, G4, B3, E4) by using physical modeling synthesis. In addition, we analyzed the physical modeling synthesis algorithm and observed that we can exploit parallelism inherent in the length of delay line. Thus, we assigned CUDA cores as many as the length of delay line and effectively implemented the physical modeling synthesis using GPU to achieve the highest performance. Experimental results indicated that synthetic guitar sounds using GPU were very similar to the original sounds when we compared their spectra. In addition, GPU achieved 68x and 3x better performance than high-performance TI DSP and CPU, respectively. Furthermore, this paper implemented and evaluated the performance of multi-GPU systems for the physical modeling algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2014.01a
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• pp.1-4
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• 2014

Although physical modeling synthesis is becoming more and more efficient in rich and natural high-quality sound synthesis, its high computational complexity limits its use in portable devices. This constraint motivated research of single-instruction multiple-data many-core architectures that support the tremendous amount of computations by exploiting massive parallelism inherent in physical modeling synthesis. Since no general consensus has been reached which grain sizes of many-core processors and memories provide the most efficient operation for sound synthesis, design space exploration is conducted for seven processing element (PE) configurations. To find an optimal PE configuration, each PE configuration is evaluated in terms of execution time, area and energy efficiencies. Experimental results show that all PE configurations are satisfied with the system requirements to be implemented in portable devices.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.1728-1738
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• 2010

Pyeon-gyeong, similar to Chinese Bianqing, is a Korean traditional lithophone with multiple stone chimes. Due to the temperature- and humidity-insensitive characteristics of its material, pumice stone, the instrument provides highly stable pitch and therefore has played a key role in Korean traditional court music. By reason of having absolute pitch, it is an important part of the research on the standard pitch and scale system of korean traditional music, but as an instrument, the study on the sound characteristics and worth is not making satisfactory progress, to date. This research is an analysis paper for physical modeling synthesis of pyeongyeong. Through this study, we will determine the original characteristics of the timbre of pyeongyeong as a unique korean traditional percussion, and investigate these characteristics objectively, based on the music acoustics by scientific analysis. Furthermore, this study will be used as an important basic material for physical modeling synthesis of pyeongyeong, and also make a huge contribution to the cultural applicability by the vitalization of graft onto the various artistic creation field, through the comprehension of the timbre of pyeongyeong as an instrument.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.1-2
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 GPU 컴퓨팅 환경에서 물리적 모델링 기반의 음 합성 알고리즘을 수행하는 경우에 GPU의 개수에 따른 성능 및 에너지 효율의 변화를 분석한다. 실험결과, 6개의 GPU를 사용하였을 때 가장 좋은 성능을 보였으며, 1개의 GPU에서 가장 높은 에너지 효율을 보였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2010

Physical modeling is a synthesis method of high quality sound which is similar to real sound for musical instruments. However, since physical modeling requires a lot of parameters to synthesize sound of a musical instrument, it prevents real-time processing for the musical instrument which supports a large number of sounds simultaneously. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) parallel processor that supports real-time processing of sound synthesis of guitar, a representative plucked string musical instrument. To control six strings of guitar, we used a SIMD parallel processor which consists of six processing elements (PEs). Each PE supports modeling of the corresponding string. The proposed SIMD processor can generate synthesized sounds of six strings simultaneously when a parallel synthesis algorithm receives excitation signals and parameters of each string as an input. Experimental results using a sampling rate 44.1 kHz and 16 bits quantization indicate that synthesis sounds using the proposed parallel processor were very similar to original sound. In addition, the proposed parallel processor outperforms commercial TI's TMS320C6416 in terms of execution time (8.9x better) and energy efficiency (39.8x better).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.521-531
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• 2004

In this paper we developed the Physical modeling of the Sanio Gayageum using the improved digital waveguide theory. The frequency characteristics of the Gayageum body is implemented by an inverse filtering and the impulse response of the body. We obtained the synthesis sounds of the unit sound for the Gayageum using the simulation of the straight-line fits by the changes of the fundamental frequencies depending on the Amok location. Finally. we could obtain the virtual Sanio Gayageum sounds similar to the actual Gayageum by tuning the Amok positions.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.102-107
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a method of a sound synthesis of Korean plucked string instrument, gayageum, by physical modeling which use impulse responses of body and Anjok. Gayageum consists of three kinds of systems: string, body, and Anjok. These are a serial combination of linear time invariant systems. String can be modeled by digital delay line. Body and Anjok can be estimated by their impulse responses. We found three resonance frequencies in the body impulse response, and implemented resonator as body. Anjok was implemented as high pass filter in fundamental frequency band of gayageum. RMSEs of synthesized sounds are distributed from 0.01 to 0.03. It was difficult to distinguish the resulting synthesized sounds from the originals sound by ear.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.727-734
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• 2001

Contracture is defined as the lack of full passive range of motion resulting from pint, muscle or soft tissue limitationprolonged Pint immobilization will result in stress and stretch deprivation and gradual development of contracture. the tissue changes caused by immobilization may be categorized as cellular modeling, ground substance and collagen response, and tissue response. contracture can be divided into three categories according to the anatomical location of pathological changes :arthrogenic, myogenic, soft tissue contractures Therapeutic approach of contracture is thermal or cold agents application, stretch or restoration of length, traction, manipulation, mobilization positioning and restoration of function. The purpose of this article is to review current concepts of mechanical properties and synthesis of collagen tissue and the underlying pathomechanics as it relates to evaluation and treatment of contracture.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.18A no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Physical modeling has been widely used for sound synthesis since it synthesizes high quality sound which is similar to real-sound for musical instruments. However, physical modeling requires a lot of parameters to synthesize a large number of sounds simultaneously for the musical instrument, preventing its real-time processing. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) based multi-core processor that supports real-time processing of sound synthesis of gayageum which is a representative Korean traditional musical instrument. The proposed SIMD-base multi-core processor consists of 12 processing elements (PE) to control 12 strings of gayageum in which each PE supports modeling of the corresponding string. The proposed SIMD-based multi-core processor can generate synthesized sounds of 12 strings simultaneously after receiving excitation signals and parameters of each string as an input. Experimental results using a sampling reate 44.1 kHz and 16 bits quantization show that synthesis sound using the proposed multi-core processor was very similar to the original sound. In addition, the proposed multi-core processor outperforms commercial processors(TI's TMS320C6416, ARM926EJ-S, ARM1020E) in terms of execution time ($5.6{\sim}11.4{\times}$ better) and energy efficiency (about $553{\sim}1,424{\times}$ better).

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

Realistic facial animation research field which communicates with human and computer using face has increased recently. The human face is the part of the body we use to recognize individuals and the important communication channel that understand the inner states like emotion. To provide the intelligent interface. computer facial animation looks like human in talking and expressing himself. Facial modeling and animation research is focused on realistic facial animation recently. In this article, we suggest the method of facial modeling and animation for realistic facial synthesis. We can make a 3D facial model for arbitrary face by using generic facial model. For more correct and real face, we make the Korean Generic Facial Model. We can also manipulate facial synthesis based on the physical characteristics of real facial muscle and skin. Many application will be developed such as teleconferencing, education, movies etc.