• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2001

Field experiment was conducted during 1993-94 season to determine the pattern of nutrient uptake and productivity of maize/sweet potato intercropping system. Four levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100 and 150kg N ${ha}_{-1}$) and four levels of potassium (0, 40, 80 and 120kg $K_2$O ${ha}_{-1}$) formed treatment variables. Plants were sampled periodically to determine dry matter and tissue concentrations of N and K in the individual plant components of intercropped maize and sweet potato. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer did not interact significantly to nutrient uptake by any plant parts of intercropped maize and sweet potato. But application of N fertilizer independently enhanced N uptake in all the plant parts of maize and sweet potato. The uptake of N in leaf, leaf sheath, stem, husk, and cob of maize increased upto 90 days after planting (DAP) but grain continued to accumulate N till its maturity. Sweet potato exhibited a wide variation in N uptake pattern. Sweet potato leaf shared the maximum uptake of N at 50 DAP which rapidly increased at 70 DAP and then declined. Declination of N uptake by petiole and stem were observed after 120 DAP whereas N uptake by tuber increased slowly upto 90 DAP and then rapidly till harvest. Rate of applied K had very little effect on the uptake patterns in different components of intercropped maize. Pattern of K uptake by leaf, petiole and stem of sweet potato showed almost similar trend to N uptake. But uptake of K by tuber increased almost linearly with the K application. Pattern of N and K uptake by grain and tuber paralleled the grain yield of maize and sweet potato respectively. Intercropped productivity of maize and sweet potato found to be better by the application of 100kg N and 120 kg $K_2$O ${ha}_{-1}$

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 요지
• /
• pp.186-187
• /
• 2005

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 1982

Chloroplasts isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Virginia 115) leaves have been transferred into protoplasts of soybean (Glycine max Merr. cv. Jangyeop) suspension-cultured cells with the help of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The increased yield in protoplasts of chloroplast uptake was depended upon the concentration of both PEG 4,000 and PEG 6,000. The highest yield(36%) occurred at 50% of both PEG, and the yield was decreased above this concentration. The rate of uptake with the incubation time was highest at one hour, then decreased. The process of the chloroplast uptake into the protoplasts was similar with that of a protoplast fusion, except forming invagination during uptake.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2000

당류의 수송속도는 당류 고갈동안 증가되었고, 당류 고갈 3일째에 최대 수송속도를 보였다. 당류 고갈로 유도된 당류 수송계는 cycloheximide에 의해서 완전히 방해되었다 선천적으로 식물에서 당류 수송계는 하나이나 당류 고갈동안 유도된 포도당 수송은 포화상태를 보이고, 설탕 수송은 포화되지 않았다. 유도된 당류 수송계는 선천적인 당류 수송계와는 다른 kinetic을 보였다. 이 결과는 고등식물도 불리한 조건하에서 새로운 수송계를 유도시킬 수 있는 능력이 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2010

Phytoextraction, one type of phytoremediation processes, has been widely used in the removal of heavy metals from polluted soil. This paper reviewed literature on metal uptake by plants and characterized the metal uptake by types of metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and As), plant species, initial metal concentrations in soil and the distribution of metals in different parts of plants. The potential of metal accumulation and transport by plants was closely related to plants species, types of metals, and initial metal concentrations in soil. The plants belonging to Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae, and Convolvulaceae families have shown the high potential capacity of Cd accumulation. The Gentianaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Polygonaceae families have exhibited relatively high Pb uptake potential while the Pteridaceae and Cyperaceae families have shown relatively high Zn uptake potential. The Pteridaceae family could uptake a remarkably high amount of As compared with other plant families. The potential metal accumulation per plant biomass has increased with increasing initial metal concentration in soil up to a certain level and then decreased for Cd and Zn. For As, only Pteris vittata had a linear relationship between initial concentration in soil and potential of metal uptake. However, a meaningful relationship for Pb was not found in this study. Generally, the plants having high metal uptake potential for Cd or Pb mainly accumulated the metal in their roots. However, the Euphorbiaceae family has accumulated more than 80% of Pb in shoot. Zn has evenly accumulated in roots and stems except for the plants belonging to the Polygonaceae and Rosaceae families which accumulated Zn in their leaves. The Pteridaceae family has accumulated a higher amount of As in leaves than roots. The types of metals, plant species, and initial metal concentration in soil influence the metal uptake by plants. It is important to select site-specific plant species for effective removal of metals in soil. Therefore, this study may provide useful and beneficial information on metal accumulation by plants for the in situ phytoremediation.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.268-274
• /
• 2010

The aim of our study was to investigate the interactive effects of container size and nutrient supply on plant growth, chlorophyll synthesis, transpiration, $CO_2$ assimilation, water use efficiency (WUE), and nutrient uptake of vinca plant (Catharanthus roseus). A complete experiment utilizing four concentrations of fertilizer and three volumes of containers was conducted. As the container size was increased, the plant height, leaf area, and dry weight of vinca significantly increased regardless of fertilizer level. The leaf area and dry weight of vinca were highly sensitive to the container size. However, the chlorophyll contents of vinca 20 days after the transplant significantly increased with decreasing container sizes and increasing fertilizer concentrations. Significant differences in transpiration and $CO_2$ assimilation occurred with the use of differentfertilizer solutions, but the highest values for transpiration and $CO_2$ assimilation were in plants grown in the 15 cm-diameter containers. The highest water use efficiency was observed in the plants grown in 10 cm-containers with 4 dS/m of fertilizer, and there were no significant differences in WUE values among container sizes with fertilizer concentrations of 0, 1, or 2 dS/m. No significant difference in nutrient uptake was observed among the fertilizer levels or among the container sizes. However, at a fertilizer concentration of 4 dS/m, the uptake of several nutrients, including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B and Fe, was higher in small containers than in larger ones.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 비점오염원 처리를 위한 자유수면형 인공습지인 복내 바이오파크 인공습지에서 수생식물에 의한 영양염류의 흡수특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 주요 우점종은 달뿌리풀, 수련, 부들, 갈대 및 줄이었으며 최대건물생산량을 보인 8월의 주요 우점식생의 한 주당 건물생산량은 부들(54.27 g/plant) > 달뿌리풀(44.30 g/plant) ${\geqq}$ 갈대(39.60 g/plant) ${\geqq}$ 줄(37.80 g/plant) ${\fallingdotseq}$ 수련(36.75 g/plant) 순으로 높았다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물의 질소 함량은 지상부의 경우 달뿌리풀, 수련, 부들, 갈대 및 줄이 각각 1.80~2.06%, 1.94~2.14%, 2.07~2.57%, 2.20~2.33% 및 2.20~2.33% 범위로 부들이 다른 수생식물에 비해 약간 높았으나 시기별로 큰 차이 없었으며 지하부의 질소 함�c도 이와 유사한 경향이었다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내수생식물의 인 함량은 지상부에서는 달뿌리풀(9400~9900 mg/kg 범위) 및 지하부에서는 줄(4964~6452 mg/kg 범위)이 다른 수생식물에 비해 약간 높았으나 시기에 따른 수생식물의 인 함량은 큰 차이 없이 비슷하였다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물의 최대 질소 흡수량은 8월에 달뿌리 풀이 773 mg/plant, 수련이 625 mg/plant, 부들이 1206 mg/plant, 갈대가 754 mg/plant 및 줄이 768 mg/plant 이었다. 수생식물의 최대 인 흡수량은 8월에 달뿌리풀이 397 mg/plant, 수련이 177 mg/plant, 부들이 411 mg/plant, 갈대가 261 mg/plant 및 줄이 229 mg/plant이었다. 복내 바이오파크 인공습지내 수생식물 중 부들의 영양염류 흡수량이 가장 많았다. 이상의 결과는 향후 비점오염원 처리를 위한 인공습지 시공시 습지특성에 맞는 최적의 수생식물을 선정하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2014

Plastic film houses are directly associated with increases in plant growth and yield of vegetable crops through a year round cultivation, however, at the same time temperature stresses are one of fates which are difficult to avoid during crop growth. The objective of this study was to examine the translocation and distribution of minerals (N, P, K) and carbohydrates as well as seasonal fluctuation of mineral uptake and carbohydrate production in cucumber plant grown under moderately high temperature. The temperature treatments consisted of 2-layers film houses (optimal temp.) and 3-layers (high temp.). Shoot growth of cucumber plants were linearly increased until 14 weeks after transplanting (WAT) without any significant difference between both temperatures, and the slowdown was observed from 16 WAT. The level of soluble sugar and starch was slightly greater in optimal temperature compared to the high. Cumulative accumulation of soluble sugar was significantly different before and after 12 WAT in both treatments, whereas starch level represented a constant increase. Monthly production of soluble sugar reached the peak between 12 to 16 WAT, and starch peaked between 4 to 8 WAT and 12 to 16 WAT. Total uptake of N, P and K in optimal and high temperature conditions was $18.4g\;plant^{-1}$ and 17.6 for N, 4.7 and 5.1 for P, and 37.7 and 36.2 for K, respectively, and the pattern of monthly N uptake between optimal and high temperatures was greater in early growth stage, whereas was greater in mid growth stage in both P and K. Thus, this study suggests that moderately high temperature influences much greater to photosynthesis and carbohydrate production than plant biomass and mineral uptake. On the basis of the present result, it is required to indentify analysis of respiration rates from plant and soil by constantly increasing temperature conditions and field studies where elevated temperatures are monitored and manipulated.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.541-546
• /
• 1998

To study the possibility of agricultural utilization of the sewage sludge and the converter slag, the chemical properties of soil, the growth response of corn plant and uptake of inorganic nutrients in plant tissues were investigated by application of the composts made of the sewage sludge and converter slag. Uptake of inorganic nutrients in stem and leaf of corn plant were decreased by applications of the composts. The content of heavy metals in soil and corn plant were investigated, but the results of show that the concentrations of heavy metals are much low.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.16-25
• /
• 2019

Anthropogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed by the incomplete combustion of fuels and industrial waste. PAHs can be widely exposed to the environment (water, soil and groundwater). PAHs are potentially toxic, mutagenic and/or carcinogenic. Fundamental studies such as biota uptake (e.g., earthworm and plant) of PAHs are highly needed. It is necessary to develop alternative ways to evaluate bioavailability of PAHs instead of using living organisms because it is time-consuming, difficult to apply in the field, and also exaction method is tedious and time-consuming. In this study, sorption behaviors of phenanthrene were evaluated to predict the fate of PAHs in soils. Moreover, bioaccumulation of PAHs in an artificially contaminated soil was evaluated using pea plant (Pisum sativum) as a bioindicator. A novel passive sampler, organic-diffusive gradient in thin-film (o-DGT) for PAHs was newly synthesized, tested as a biomimic surrogate and compared with plant accumulation. Sorption partitioning coefficient (K_P) and sorption capacity (K_F) were in the order of natural soil > loess corresponding to the increase in organic carbon content (f_oc). Biota-to-soil accumulation factor (BSAF) and DGT-to-soil accumulation factor (DSAF) were evaluated. o-DGT uptake was linearly correlated with pea plant uptake of phenanthrene in contaminated soil (R²=0.863). The Tenax TA based o-DGT as a biomimic surrogate can be used for the prediction of pea plant uptake of phenanthrene in contaminated soil.