• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2005

In order to develop the mass production method of anticancer compound-polyacetylene from tissue culture of Panax ginseng C.A. Mayor, these studies were carried out for the effects of various chemicals used as precursor and elicitor in viかo. Ginseng callus cultured on the growth medium containing 5mg/l L-phenylalanine was well grown and detected polyacetylene compounds as well as panaxydol and panxynol. But same media containing $\alpha-methyl-D.L.methionine$ and D.L.-norleucine was not detected any polyacetylene. Panaxydol, one of polyacetylene and active anticancer compound, was detected in calli cultured on media with upper 1mg/l chitosan used as elicitor, but panaxynol was not detected. Nigeran used as active elicitor, caused to decrease the growth of ginseng callus, and don't work as elictor on the biosynthesis of polyacetylene from ginseng callus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1989

The change in bodyweight, organ weight and the amount of water intake were investigated to assess the effect on a range of toxicological parameters of varying dosages of polyacetylene compounds. Concerning inhibition of solid tumor growth induced by Sarcoma-180 cells in the ICR mouse strain, relytionships between the dosage of polyacetylene compoilnds used and several toxicological parameters were observed. When 40μmoles/kg b.w. of panaxydol tvas administered for 3 consecutive days, the suppression of body weight growth in Wistar rats was about 17% that of the control group, however, the body weight gain was normalized 4 days after stopping arlnlinistration of the polyacetylene compounds. When the dosage of polyacetylenes was reduced to 20μmoles/kg b.w., the change in body weight gain was alleviated to within l0% of the control and the suppremission of the body weight gain increased in order for Panaxydol, Panaxynol, and Panaxytriol. The organ weight did not show any significant change between the control and the polyacetylene administered groups. Electron micrographs of the liver tissues of ICR mice injected with 40Umoles/kg b.w. of panaxydol gave no further significant information about toxicological changes. Keywords Polyacrtylenes, toxicological parameters, body weight, panaxydol, organ weight, electron micrographs .

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.123-128
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• 2001

In order to develop the biotechnological methods for the mass production of anticancer compounds from tissue culture of Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer, these studies were carried out for the selection of ginseng cell lines containing higher concentration of polyacetylene compounds and optimal condition for their biosynthesis. Panaxynol, one of ginseng polyacetylene, was not detected in any callus induced from ginseng superior cell lines cultured on MS medium supplemented with $\beta$-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (CPA). Panaxydol, another one of polyacetylene and anticancer compounds, were detected in calli of 5 cell lines by thin layer chromatogram and gas chromatogram. Among the 18 ginseng superior lines, the cell line 30201 has higher content of panaxydol. Especially, panaxydol was not detected in the callus induced from cell line 10301 which cultured on the medium containing CPA only, however, it was detected on the same callus cultured on mixed medium containing CAP 2 mg/L and BA 0.05 mg/L. SH medium was better than MS medium for ginseng callus growth and biosynthesis of polyacetylene, and also found that it was not effected by NAA and sucrose concentration in the culture medium.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-133
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• 2006

Four coumarins (1-4) and one polyacetylene (5) were isolated from the roots of Anglica purpuraefolia Chung (Umbelliferae) through repeated column chromatography. Four coumarins, isoscopoletin (1), oxypeucedanin hydrate (2), arnottinin (3) and isokhellactone (4), and a polyacetylene, (+)-9(Z), 17-octadecadience-12,14-diyne-1,11,16-triol (5), were identified by spectroscopic analysis including two dimensional NMR and mass. These compounds were examined for their anti-complement activity against the classical pathway of the complement system. However, compounds 1-5 were inactive in this assay system.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.191-193
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• 1976

It has been known that ginseng extract contains several polyacetylene components. But we found only two polyacetylene components in the freshly prepared ginseng extract. Long-term preservation of ginseng or ginseng extract produced many artifact polyacetylenes. The ratio of artifact/genuine polyacetylene was determined by TLC-densitometry on long-term preserved ginseng samples. The results indicated that the ratio was increased proportionally with the span of preservation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.268-275
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• 1995

A novel polyacetylene was isolated from Cirsium spp., as well as five known ones, and its chemical structure was determined as heptadeca-1-en-11.13-diyne-8R, 9S, 10R-triol(1) on the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions. $^{1}$H-and $^{13}$C-NMR data of these polyacetylenes were completely assigned by the appfication of 2D-NMR techniques.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 1988

The inhibitory effect of three polyacetylene compounds, panaxydol, panaxynol and panaxytriol isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer on $CCl_4$induced lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by ADP-$Fe^{3+}$, NADPH and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase were investigated. Their effects on lowering the lipid peroxide levels both in serum and liver and lowering the serum enzyme (GOT, GPT, LDH) activities without the $CCl_4$-induction were also determined. Male ICR mice were pretreated i.p. with polyacetylene compounds or DL-${\alpha}$-tocopherol before administration of $CCl_4$ i.p. and 20 hr after the administration of $CCl_4,$ serum and liver were analyzed. Hepatic microsome was isolated and used for the in vitro NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation system. Except for panaxynol, treatment with polyacetylenes to control mice did not reduce the levels of lipid peroxides and serum enzyme activities. Panaxynol itself inhibited lipid peroxidation in the liver of normal mice. Polyacetylene compounds protected from the $CCl_4$-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation and lowered serum lipid peroxide levels. Polyacetylenes also inhibited the in virto hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that panaxydol, panaxynol and panaxytriol seem to be the antioxidant components which contribute the anti-aging activities of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.440-442
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• 2003

Panaxynol and panaxydol are major polyacetylene compounds in Ginseng and Wild Mountain Ginseng. Their contents in Korean wild mountain ginseng, Chinese mountain ginseng, and cultured ginseng were analysed by GC with FID. The content ratio of panaxynol to panaxydol was clearly different in various ginsengs. They were 1.81, 0.87, and 0.42 for Korean wild mountain ginseng, Chinese wild mountain ginseng, and cultured ginseng, respectively. The ratio difference could be used as a marker to identify various ginseng from different sources.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.128-131
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• 2003

Cirsium rhinoceros Nakai (Compositae) is a herbaceous perennial native to Korea, whole plant of which has been used in folklore medicine. C. rhinoceros was extracted by a standard extraction procedure. Its n-hexane, $CHCl_3$ and n-BuOH extracts were fractionated by column chromatography to provide a polyacetylene, a coumarin and five flavonoids. Ciryneol C, scopoletin, acacetin, cirsimarin were isolated for the first time from this plant.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.48-51
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• 1989

A new polyacetylene compound with cytotoxic activity against L1210 cells having diyne-ene and epoxy moiety, named panaxyne epoxide, was isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The chemical structure of the polyacetylene was determined to be tetradeca-13-ene-1,3-diyne-6,7-epoxide by UV, IR, $^1H-NMR,\;^{l3}$C-NMR and mass spectra.