• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2015

Anionic epoxy compound was synthesized and added to asphalt aiming to prepare self-healing asphalt. Epoxy-modified asphalt showed excellent modification effect and healing effect as well. The results revealed that with 5% addition of polymer the tensile strength, impact strength and complex shear modulus of the polymer-modified asphalt increased by 65%. 64% and 35%, respectively. It seems that high interaction occurs between polymer and asphalt matrix. Self-healing efficiency of the polymer-modified asphalt based on tensile strength showed 100%, comparing to 79% of straight asphalt. In impact experiment the polymer-modified asphalt showed 99% of healing efficiency, comparing to 77% of straight asphalt. In rheological experiment the polymer-modified asphalt showed 103% of healing efficiency, comparing to 72% of straight asphalt. It appears that the ionic bonding existing in epoxy polymers contributed to high values of self-healing efficiency. The polymer which has high intermolecular force fills the crack of the asphalt, pulling the opponent side each other, and so the original properties were restored.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.134-143
• /
• 2014

Polymers are introduced to neat asphalt to prepare self-healing asphalt. The polymers are Surlyn, Nylon and polyethyleneterephtalate(PET). Since they are known as having high intermolecular force, they have high processing temperature. Therefore they are hardly introduced into the asphalt as bulk state. So in this study, they are introduced as solutions. Polymer-modified asphalts showed excellent modification effect and also healing effect. 5% polymer added asphalt showed more than 18% increased tensile strength. This tensile strength increment can be explained by polymer's intermolecular forces. Especially Surlyn interacts with asphalt molecules by hydrogen bonding and also with metals in asphalt by ionic bonding. When it comes to healing aspect the healing efficiency of Surlyn increased to 138% based on tensile strength. That of PET increased to 141% based on complex modulus and in case of Nylon it increased to 131% based on impact strength. This tells that in dealing with healing efficiency the important considering factors are not only the intermolecular forces of the polymers but also the interaction between the polymer and asphalt molecules.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.205-219
• /
• 2008

The polymers, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS) -modified asphalt mixtures are advanced asphalt pavement materials in which $3{\sim}6%$ of them, and/or some other additive, by weight of total binder are added. The purpose of modifying asphalt material is to improve typical weakness such as rutting and cracking resistance of normal asphalt mixtures. These materials have been proved to show many advantages and practical applicability in the plant and field. Wet processed PMA binder and/or dry processed asphalt mixtures are developed as field products for many years. The objective of this paper is to show the characteristics of the LDPE and SBS-modified asphalt mixtures by comprehensive evaluation and comparison with those of normal asphalt mixtures.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.537-546
• /
• 1994

The physical characteristics of polymer modified asphalt depend on many parameters, such as, the polymer nature, polymer content and the asphalt properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the temperature susceptibility of polymer modified asphalt. The asphalts employed in this study were two different grades : a soft(200/300) grade and a hard(85/100) grade. And chlorinated polyethylene of two different characteristics were used : plastomer(Tyrin 2552) and elastomer(Tyrin CM0730). Temperature susceptibility of asphalt is a fundamental feature for characterizing asphalt and modified asphalt. It can be quantified by the penetration index(PI) and pen-vis number(PVN). These indices were obtained from the measurements of penetration and viscosity of the asphalt samples. For both of asphalts, the addition of the polymers increases the value of PI and PVN. Plastomer modified asphalt shows higher value of PI and PVN than elastomer modified asphalt. Soft grade shows more temperature susceptibility than hard grade at elevated temperatures.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to evaluate performance of polymer-modified asphalt mixtures and specially designed reinforcement techniques against reflection cracking of the asphalt pavement overlay. Selected polymers were used for asphalt modification and polyester fiber, a polypropylene film (vinyl) and a grid were used for mixture reinforcement. Using the asphalt mixture with optimum asphalt content, a slab was made and cut into two pieces of specimen. A layer of grid or vinyl was placed at the bottom of specimen to strengthen the pavement layer against crack. A repeated loading was applied to the asphalt mixture specimen which is Placed on a cement concrete with a pseudo-crack. Crack propagation under repeated loading was monitored and effectiveness of the devised crack retarding techniques was evaluated. From the test results. a significant retardation of mode I crack progress was monitored from some of the modified and reinforced asphalt mixtures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.373-385
• /
• 2016

During recent years researchers performed large effort to increase the service life and asphalt stability of the roads against traffic loads and weather conditions. Investigations carried out in various aspects such as changes in gradation, addition of various additives, changes in asphalt textures and etc. The objective of this research is to evaluate the advantages of adding recycled glass powder (RGP), Crumb Rubber (CR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) to base bitumen with grade of 60/70 for modification of asphalt concrete. Initial studies conducted for determining the physical properties of bitumen and modifiers. A series of asphalt concrete samples made using various combinations of RGP, CR, SBR, SBS and base bitumen. All samples tested using Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Indirect Tensile Strength Modulus (ITSM) and Marshall Stability Tests. The new data compared with the results of control samples. The results showed that replacing RGP with known polymers improved ITS and ITSM results considerably. Also the Marshall Stability of modified mixtures using RGP is more than what is found for the base blend. Ultimately, the new RGP modifier had a huge impact on pavement performance and results in high flexibility which can be concluded as high service life for the new modified asphalt concrete.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.4 s.14
• /
• pp.53-66
• /
• 2002

Asphalt binder characteristics in asphalt mixture are changed due to aging. However. depending upon aggregate and binder used, asphalt mixture dose not show the same level of stiffness and brittleness under the same ageing level. The factors affecting Physical Properties change of the asphalt binder within aged asphalt concrete are not well known and there is limited study which is dealing with this topic This study dealt with evaluation of physical properties of asphalt binder recovered from the mixtures after short-term and long-term aging. Two asphalts. two aggregates. two gradations and four polymers were used to make 32 mixture combinations. The mixtures were prepared and aged artificially in a forced draft oven. The measured physical properties included absolute viscosity, kinematic viscosity and penetration. Statistical analyses were carried out to find out the factor(s) having a significant effect on change of physical property of asphalt binder due to asphalt mixture aging. The results of study shown that aggregate, gradation and polymer had a significant effect on change of physical properties of asphalt binder.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 2010

Paved roads are suffered from the permanent plastic deformation in hot summer and cracks in cold winter, which are detrimental to safe driving. This leads to necessity of modification of asphalt to resist those deformation. In this study, two kinds of modifiers were examined; organic polymers and a photoinitiator which is activated by ultraviolet lay. The mechanical and rheololgical properties of modified asphalts were examined using UTM and rheometer. Results showed that the properties were varied depending on the types of polymer and irradiation time. UV irradiation increased the tensile strength and storage modulus of thermoplastic polymer-modified asphalt, however UV was not effective on thermoset polymer. According to long term ultraviolet curing test, properties of the polymer/photoinitiator-modified asphalt did not decrease, but rather increase for 20 years. This indicates that the useful life of the asphalt could be extended by addition of photoinitiator.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 2017

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum mix design of the content of 100 % reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for spray injection application with different binder types. METHODS : Literature review revealed that spray injection method is the one of the efficient and economical methods for repairing a small defective area on an asphalt pavement. The Rapid-Setting Polymer modified asphalt mixtures using two types of rapid setting polymers-asphalt emulsion and a quick setting polymer asphalt emulsion-were subjected to the following tests to determine optimum mix designs and for performance comparison: 1) Marshall stability test, 2) Retained stability test, 3) Wet track abrasion test, and 4) Dynamic stability test. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS : Type A, B, and C emulsions were tested with different mix designs using RAP aggregates, to compare the performances and determine the optimum mix design. Performance of mixtures with Type A emulsion exceeded that of mixtures with Type B and C emulsion in all aspects. In particular, Type A binder demonstrated the highest performance for WTAT at low temperature. It demonstrated the practicality of using Type A mixture during the cold season. Furthers studies are to be performed to verify the optimum mix design for machine application. Differences in optimum mix designs for machine application and lab application will be corrected through field tests.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2014

PURPOSES : The study objective was to evaluate rheology and physical properties of SBS-modified warm-mix asphalt (WMA) binders in comparison with hot-mix asphalt (HMA) binders. METHODS : Four different SBS polymers were used to prepare polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) binders, and three different warm-mix additives (WAD) were used to prepare a total of 12 WMA PMA binders. The kinematic viscosity was measured at 115, $135^{\circ}C$. The PG was determined using DSR and BBR. The pass/fail (P/F) temperatures for high and low PG grading were evaluated for HMA PMA and WMA PMA binders. RESULTS : PG 76-22 binders could be prepared by modifying the base binder (PG 64-22) using 4.5 wt% of SBS. The kinematic viscosity (KV) of SBS PMA was increased by 3 times higher than that of base asphalt. The SBS PMA with WAD showed 10% lower KV than that of the normal SBS PMA at $115^{\circ}C$ The high P/F temperatures showed almost no difference between HMA PMA and WMA PMA binders. The high P/F temperature showed very high correlations with KV ($R^2$ > 0.97). The result of SBS modification caused increase of low P/F temperature by $2.7^{\circ}C$ on average. CONCLUSIONS : Since the PMA with WAD showed 10% lower KV than normal (HMA) PMA at $115^{\circ}C$, reducing PMA mixture temperature down to a WMA level was possible in this study. The higher KV binders showed the higher P/F temperature. There was almost no change in high P/F temperature due to the use of WAD. The SBS PMA, showing an increased low P/F temperature, might show somewhat poorer performance at low-temperature, even though the lower PG grade was staying at the same level, i.e., $-22^{\circ}C$.