• Title/Summary/Keyword: polysaccharide

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Characterization of Streptococcus mutans isolated from Human Dental Plaque 2. Streptococcal Polysaccharide. (충치에서 분리한 Streptococcus mutans에 관하여 2)

  • 이건주;이배함
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.180-187
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    • 1980
  • Cariogenic Strptococcus mutans produces a constitutive extracellular enzyme dextransucrase or glucosyltransferase that is capable of hydrolying sucrose and synthesizing the glucose polymer dextran. In this work we investigated to the dextrans produced by eight strains of Strptococcus mutans. After, 30hours the synthesized polysaccharide is 1.86mg to 4.41mg per ml on sucrose medium, and the polysaccharide is similar. Polysaccharide syntheiezd by enzyme in cell free medium is 11.4 mgto 2.36mg per ml after 10 hours.

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Production of extracellular polysaccharide by Monilinia fructigena for aquaculture

  • Kwak Jung-Ki;Park Jin-Hee;Lee Jung-Suck;Goetz Peter;Cho Man-Gi
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.182-188
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    • 1999
  • Production of extracellular polysaccharide by Monilinia fructigena in B-I medium containing cereals was higher than that in glucose medium. Productivities in B-I medium and glucose medium were 0.7g/l nd 0.2-03g/l respectively. The maximum content of polysaccharide occurred at the rising point from the lowest pH of culture. As the apparent viscosity of the polysaccharide solution increased, the flow Index (m) decreased, and the consistency Index (Kc) also increased. The polysaccharide solution was a typical pseudoplastic fluid. The mycelium was separated from the culture solution by $300\mu m$ mesh-filter and the polysaccharide was precipitated by adding 50% of ethanol (v/v). The amount of the polysaccharide removed from the filtrated solution was 0.45 g/l and the amount adhered to the mycelium was 0.25g/l. In experiments for investigating growth enhancement of rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) by the polysaccharide, the dose of the polysaccharide was 1mg per 10,000 organisms of rotifer. Maximum specific growth rate of rotifer with feed consisting of sea Chlorella sp. and the polysaccharide was 1.095/day in the batch culture for 10 days. A semi-continuous culture was done for 30 days, the biomass of rotifer could be harvested twice. Maximum specific growth rate with sea Chlorella sp. and the polysaccharide was 0.734/day before the first harvest, and 1.685/day before the second harvest. Productivity was 38 $cells/ml\; \cdot\; day$ with sea Chlorella sp. and the polysaccharide.

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The Pattern of Cytokine myNA Expression Induced by Polysaccharide from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (항암 면역 증강 작용이 있는 인삼 다당체에 의한 cytokine mRNA의 발현)

  • 김기환;이인란;정인성;정희용;윤연숙
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.324-330
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    • 1998
  • We Previously reported that Polysaccharide Isolated from panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, stimulates murine splenocytes to proliferate and to be cytotoxic against a wide range of tumor cells in MHC non-restricted manner:) Therefore, we examined the cytokine mRNA expression induced by the ginseng polysaccharide in this paper. This study demonstrates that the ginseng polysaccharide stimulates Thl type cytosine expression such as IL-2 and IFNY, and macrophage type cytokine expression such as IL-lc and GM-CSF in a dose-dependent manner at different time: IL-2 mRNA was induced at 30 min, IL-la, GM-CSF mRNA at 3 hr, IFNY at 6 hr after the ginseng polysaccharide treatment. In contrast with these, Th2 type cytokine expression such as IL-4 and IL-5 was not induced. The generation of the ginseng polysaccharide-activated killer cells which was induced at the optimal doses of 50 pEyml was neutralized in the presence of anti-lL-2, anti-lFNy, anti-IL-l ${\alpha}$ antibodies, showing the importance of these cytokines produced by the ginseng polysaccharide. In flow cytometry analysis, the blastogenesis of IgM+ cells was induced on day 3 and the number of Thy 1.21 cells, CD4+ and CD8+ cells was increased on day 5. The ginseng polysaccharide also induced blastogenesis of T cells. In conclusion, the ginseng polysaccharide may have considerable antitumor immunotherapeutic modality by stimulating the cytokine production from Thl cells and macrophage and by proliferating lymphocytes.

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The Physicochemical Properties of Crude Polysaccharide Fraction Isolated from Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) (고려인삼에서 분리한 조다당체 획분의 이화학적 특성)

  • Kwak, Yi-Seong;Kim, Eun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.389-392
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    • 1996
  • Crude polysaccharide fractions were isolated from white ginseng and red ginseng (Panax ginseng). The amount of crude polysaccharide fraction in red ginseng was higher than that of white ginseng. The glucose contents of crude polysaccharide fraction isolated from white ginseng and red ginseng were determined as 95.1% and 89.9% by HPLC, respectively. Method of carbazole-sulfuric acid was applied to determine the amount of acidic polysaccharide in white ginseng and red ginseng. The amount of acidic polysaccharide in red ginseng was higher than that of white ginseng. Whereas, contents of minerals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg) in crude polysaccharide fraction from white ginseng were higher than those of crude Polysaccharide fraction from red ginseng.

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Production of Polysaccharide by the Edible Mushroom, Grifola frondosa

  • Kim, Yeon-Ran
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.205-208
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    • 2003
  • The production of polysaccharide according to various developmental stages(mycelium growth, primordium appearance, and fruiting-body formation) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa was studied. The cap of the mature mushroom showed the highest amount of polysacchride. Mycelial growth and polysaccharide synthesis were optimal at pH 5 and $20^{\circ}C$. Polysaccharide synthesis was maximal after 12 days of cultivation, whereas maximum mycelial growth was shown after 18 days. Mannose, cellobiose and starch increased the level of polysaccharide as well as growth in submerged culture. Glucose and sucrose appeared to be good substrates for fruiting of Grifola frondosa.

Preparation of Red Ginseng Extract Rich in Acidic Polysaccharide from Red Tail Ginseng Marc Produced After Extraction with 70% Ethyl Alcohol (홍미삼 알콜 추출박을 이용한 산성다당체 다량 함유 홍삼 엑기스 제조)

  • 도재호;이종원
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.60-64
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    • 1996
  • In this study, we investigated the appropriate conditions to extract acidic polysaccharide and to prepare red ginseng extract being rich in acidic polysaccharide from red tail ginseng marc produced after manufacturing alcoholic extract from red tail ginseng. Amount of acidic polysaccharide in red tail ginseng marc was about 11%. The best condition for the extraction of acidic polysaccharide from the marc was using of 3~5 mg of $\alpha$-amylase/g residue/15 ml of distilled water, and the amount of acidic polysaccharide in water extract of the residue treated with $\alpha$-amylase was about 27%. So, it is possible to manufacture red ginseng extract being rich in acidic polysaccharide using water extract of red tail ginseng alcoholic residue as extraction solvent. From the above results, we suggest that red tail ginseng residue produced by manufacturing alcoholic extract of red tail ginseng has high potencies in the utilization of waste material.

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Exo-Polysaccharide Production from Liquid Culture of Lentinus edodes (Lentinus edodes 액체배양을 통한 세포외 다당체 생산)

  • Lee, Hee-Hwan;Cho, Jae-Youl;Hong, Eock-Kee
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2007
  • The optimum liquid culture conditions were investigated for cell growth and polysaccharide production from liquid culture of Lentinus edodes. In flask culture, the optimal medium compositions for the polysaccharide production contained glucose 60 g/L, yeast extract 10 g/L, $KH_2PO_4$ 2.0 g/L, and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ 1.0 g/L. The maximum mycelial growth and polysaccharide production were 11.01 g/L and 1.64 g/L, respectively. In bioreactor, through the variation of aeration in order to increase mycelial growth and polysaccharide production, the maximum mycelial growth and polysaccharide production were 55.9 g/L at 8th day and 7.34 g/L at 7th day of cultivation with 1.5 vvm, respectively.

Effect of Glutamic Acid on Polysaccharide Production from Agaricus blazei in Liquid Culture

  • Hwang, Jeong-Min;Im, Yeong-Su;Gwon, Myeong-Sang;Choe, Jeong-U;Han, Jin-Su;Hong, Eok-Gi
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.04a
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    • pp.231-234
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    • 2000
  • The polysaccharide has been known to have an antitumor activity, which were extracted from the fruiting bodies, mycelia, and culture broths of Agaricus blazei. For the cell growth and the polysaccharide production, the optimal medium contained 8% glucose, 2% yeast extract, 0.1% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, 0.2% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.2% $CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$ and 0.2% $MnSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$. When 0.2% of glutamic acid was added at 4day, the cell concentration was 13.5 g/L and the polysaccharide production was 9.9 g/L, respectively.

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Effects of Culture Conditions on Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Tricholoma matsutake in Bioreactor

  • Choe, Min-Gu;Kim, Seong-Su;Hong, Eok-Gi
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2003
  • This experiment was carried out to obtain the optimal liquid culture conditions for the mycelial growth and the polysaccharide production of Tricholoma matsutake. For the mycelial growth and polysaccharide production, the synthetic medium was optimized with containing glucose 40 g/L, yeast extract 30 g/L, $KH_2PO_4$ 1.5 g/L and $MgSO_4.7H_2O$ 1 g/L. The effects of agitation and aeration were investigated for the cell growth and the polysaccharide production in batch culture. The biomass and polysaccharide concentrations were 21.87 g/L at 150 rpm and 8.86 g/L at 300 rpm, respectively. And the biomass concentration and the polysaccharide production were 20.85 g/L at 0.5 vvm and 8.83 g/L at 1.5 vvm, respectively.

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Study on biopolymer delivery system and effect of wound healing with polysaccharide extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill

  • Kim, Min-Kyoung;Lee, Hye-Young;Hong, Eock-Kee
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.816-820
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    • 2005
  • Polysaccharide-based dressings have increasingly become viable alternatives to somewhat less biocompatible and often problematic cotton or viscose gauzes traditionally used for wound dressings. Polysaccharide which is particularly abundunt in Agaricus blazei Murill is known as the bioactive materials. Polysaccharide extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill enhances the recovery of the damaged epidermal tissue and the production of epithelial cell growth factors which are necessary to heal the burn and wound on the epidermal tissue. In this study, the biopolymer delivery system of polysaccharide extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill into epidermal tissue was elucidated using the skin permeating enhancer in vitro. The enhancing effects of various penetration enhancers and some other enhancers on the permeation of ${\beta}-glucan$ were evaluated using Franz diffusion cell. Permeation of polysaccharide in nomal and burn skin was compared. Polysaccharide was studied for the burn and wound healing activity in the epidermal tissue on rats.

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