• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 1995

This study was devised to observe the inhibitory effects of ethanol treatment precipitate (crude acidic polysaccharide) from Korean red ginseng on a lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L which has been known as lipolytic and anorexigenic factors. Toxohormone-L was obtained by partial purification of the ascites fluid from mice which had been inoculated with sarcoma-180. The yields of crude acidic polysaccharide from Korean red ginseng was 63.5%. In vitro, at the concentration of 500rg /ml, the inhibition rate of lipolysis by the crude acidic polysaccharide of Korean red ginseng was 38.8% and the total inhibitory activity per gram of ginseng material was 4,928 nit. In vivo, the red ginseng polysaccharide(40mg/ml in saline soon.) 16ul/g of body weight was injected to the sarcoma-180 bearing mice once In 3 days until death. The effects against the extension of life span was little but body weight gain of sarcoma-180 bearing mice decreased significantly by administration of Korean red ginseng polysaccharide compared to those of the control group.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1992

Polysaccharide contents in Panax ginseng roots were evaluated by a spectrophotometry, utilizing the complex formation of ginseng polysaccharide with alcian blue dye in 50 mM ammonium biphos-phate, pH 4.2. The polysaccharide content in red ginseng was about three times higher than that in fresh ginseng when both were extracted with water, and increased about two times when red ginseng was extracted with an alkaline solution. The determination of polysaccharide in various parts of ginseng revealed that main roots contained the component more than fine roots. Fresh ginseng sections stained by the dye showed polysaccharide mainly was found in cortex and combium but not in epidermis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 1995

Effect of ginseng polysaccharide fraction was examined for $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In $CCl_4$-injured primary cultured rat hepatocytes, treatment of the polysaccharide fraction (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/ml) significantly Inhibited the release of LDH and GOT into the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of the polysaccharide fraction (100, 200 mg/kg) inhibited the decrease of body weight and the increase of the ratio of liver to body weight in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Elevation of GOT, GPT and ALP activity in the serum by $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity was suppressed by administration of ginseng polysaccharide fraction. MDA levels increased in the serum as well as in the liver tissue by treatment with $CCl_4$ showed a tendency to be 연w in the rats given to the polysaccharide fraction. These results suggest that the polysaccharide fraction may be active substance responsible for antihepatotoxic effect of Panax ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.291-295
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• 1991

In order to obtain the highest productivity of polysaccharide, acetic acid bacteria was used. Several acetic acid bacteria were investigated to the productivity of polysaccharide, an mutant, Acetobacter pasteurianus IFO 13751-5 selected among serveral acetic acid bacteria which can produce the polysaccharide by radiation of ultra-violet ray. Acetobacter pasteurianus IFO 13751-5 was shown 3 fold polysaccharide production than that of its parents. When the Acetobacter pasteurianus IFO 13751-5 was investigated under the condition of carbon source containing 5% sucrose, the highest amount of polysaccharide (45.95 mg/ml) was obtained. The polysaccharide production by Acetobacter pasteurianus IFO 13751-5 was 55.10 mg/ml by using jar fermentor.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2011

The inhibitory effect of a polysaccharide from kefir on human rotavirus infection in MA-104 cells was investigated. The extracted polysaccharide was separated as fraction I in unbound materials and as fractions II, III, and IV in bound materials. Adding polysaccharide fractions II (4.8 mg/mL), III (5.3 mg/mL), and IV (1.4 mg/mL) inhibited the infection of MA-104 cells by human rotavirus. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) were 0.075, 0.083, and 0.022 mg/mL, respectively. Based on these results, the kefir polysaccharide has anti-rotavirus activity. In conclusion, a polysaccharide from kefir had more than a 97% inhibition effect against human rotavirus infection in MA-104 cells.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.511-520
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• 2003

This study was carried out to determine the effects of various contents of kiwifruit contents on the quality characteristics of mixed polysaccharide gels made from $\kappa$-carrageenan and locust bean gum. The color value, gelling temperature, melting temperature, break down rate, syneresis, rupture properties, TPA properties and sensory properties of mixed polysaccharide gels with various contents of kiwifruit contents were measured. As the kiwifruit contents was increased, the lightness (L), yellowness (b) and greenness (-a) of the mixed polysaccharide gels increased. There were no differences in the color values of gels during storage. As the kiwifruit content was increased, the gelling and melting temperatures of the mixed polysaccharide gels also increased. The mixed polysaccharide gels with high kiwifruit contents were difficult to melt, and it seemed that the addition of kiwifruit to the mixed polysaccharide gels could improve the thennal stability of the gels. The syneresis of the gel increased with increasing storage time, whereas the addition of kiwifruit to the gel resulted in suppression of syneresis. With regard to the rupture properties, stress, energy and strain, they were all decreased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The TPA properties, adhesiveness, hardness and chewiness increased and cohesiveness decreased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The results showed that the gel became tough and adhesive, and could be easily broken under small deformation, with increasing kiwifruit contents. The sensory evaluation showed that the green color, aroma, sweetness and sourness increased with increasing kiwifruit contents. The texture, adhesiveness, springiness and cohesiveness decreased, and brittleness and hardness increased, with increasing kiwifruit contents. The overall acceptability of the gel with 30% kiwifruit content was the highest. Thus, mixed polysaccharide gels made from kiwifruits could be useful, as the addition of kiwifruit to a mixed polysaccharide gel results in a good aroma, taste and stability, despite a lowering of the textural properties.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.446-451
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• 2008

The growth of Porphyridium cruentum and its porphyran polysaccharide production were measured as functions of light intensity, temperature, light quality (fluorescent, blue, red, and green) and nitrate concentration. The optimum light intensity, temperature, and nitrate concentration for the growth of Porphyridium cruentum and for its polysaccharide production were 1,400 lx, $25^{\circ}C$, and 0.03%, respectively. The maximum cell concentration and polysaccharide content under the optimum conditions were 1.95 and 0.23 mg/mL, respectively. Light quality did not influence growth or polysaccharide production. The best results for growth and polysaccharide production were obtained using fluorescent light.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 1993

The method for colorimetric determination of acidic polysaccharide from Panax ginseng was investigated. It is possible to apply the method of carbazole-sulfuric acid to determination of pectin, and also to measure the amount of pectin in the mixture of various high molemlu compounds such as starch. cellulose and gum, etc. When the method of carbazole-sulfuric acid was applied to determine the amount of acidic polysaccharide, optical density at 525 nm increased linearly with an increase in the concentration of pure acidic polysaccharide. Effective extraction temperature with water for the determination of the amount of ginseng acidic polysaccharide (GAP) was $80{\circ}C$. In order to separate or concentrate GAP it was appropriate to precipitate the extract only once with 80% ethyl alcohol. GAP was very stable at $100{\circ}C$ for 4 hrs in aqueous solution and between pH values of 5.0~ 12.0.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.217-221
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• 1992

Total polysaccharide contents in Panax ginseng roots were evaluated by a spectrophotometry, utilizing the complex formation of ginseng polysaccharide with alcian blue dye in 50 mM ammonium biphosphate, pH 4.2. The total polysaccharide content in red ginseng was about three times higher than that in fresh ginseng when both were extracted with water, and was increased about two times when red ginseng was extracted with an alkaline solution. The determination of total polysaccharide in various parts of ginseng revealed that main roots contained the component more than fine roots. Fresh ginseng sections stained by the dye showed polysaccharide mainly found in cortex and cambium but not in epidermis. Pattern-analysis on total and acidic polysaccharides from fresh and red ginsengs exhibited that the chemical compositions of the polysaccharides extracted from both ginsengs quite differed from each other.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2007

The direct chromatographic separation of enantiomers by chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has been extensively developed over the past two decades, and has now become the most popular method for the analytical and preparative separations of enantiomers. Polysaccharide derivatives coated onto silica gel, as CSPs, playa significantly important role in the enantioseparations of a wide range of chiral compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Unfortunately, the strict solvent limitation of the mobile phases is the main defect in the method developments of these types of coated CSPs. Therefore, the immobilization of polysaccharide derivatives onto silica gel, via chemical bonding, to obtain a new generation of CSPs compatible with the universal solvents used in HPLC is increasingly important. In this article, our recent studies on the immobilization of polysaccharide derivatives onto the silica gel, as CSPs, through radical copolymerization with various vinyl monomers are reported. Polysaccharide derivatives, with low vinyl content, can be efficiently fixed onto silica gel with high chiral recognition.