• Title/Summary/Keyword: pork patty

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Lipid Type Effects on the Quality Characteristics of Pork Patties (지방의 종류가 돈육 Patty 의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Kyung-Sook;Youn, Dong-Hwa;Moon, Yoon-Hee;Lee, Kyung-Soo;Park, Hyun-Suk;Jung, In-Chul
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.364-370
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    • 2007
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effect of lipid type on the physicochemical properties and sensory score of pork patties. The samples consisted of pork patties containing 20% pork fat (PP), 20% olive oil (OP), and 20% soybean oil (SP). The surface color, water holding capacity, increased rate in thickness, decreased rate in diameter, rheological properties, pH, VBN content and TBARS value were determined for the pork patties as the physicochemical properties: the sensory scores were also evaluated. The $L^*$ value for PP was the highest, and the lowest for OP among the samples (p<0.05). For the $a^*$ value OP was the highest among the samples, and the $b^*$ value of OP was lower than that of the PP (p<0.05). The water holding capacity and increased rate of thickness were higher for PP than for OP and SP (p<0.05). The cooking loss and decreased rate of diameter of PP were lower than those of OP and SP (p<0.05). The hardness and springiness of OP and SP were higher than those of PP, and SP had the highest chewiness among the samples (p<0.05). However, cohesiveness and gumminess were not different among the samples. The pH of SP was the highest among the samples, and the TBARS value of OP was lowest (p<0.05). The VBN contents were not different among the samples. The amounts of raw color for OP and SP were higher than that of PP (p<0.05). The raw aroma was not different among the samples. Also, roasted aroma and taste were not different among the samples, but the tenderness, juiciness, and palatability of SP were the highest among the samples (p<0.05).

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Comparison of the Quality of Gamma Ray- or Electron Beam-irradiated Minced Pork and Pork Patties (감마선 또는 전자선 조사된 분쇄돈육과 돈육패티의 저장 중 품질특성 비교)

  • Song, Beom-Seok;Park, Jin-Gyu;Kim, Wang-Geun;Kim, Jae-Hun;Choi, Jong-Il;Yoon, Yo-Han;Byun, Myung-Woo;Kim, Cheon-Jei;Lee, Ju-Woon
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.194-202
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of gamma and e-beam irradiation on the quality of minced pork and pork patties. Each sample was irradiated at 5 to 20kGy, and its quality characteristics were then evaluated during storage at 30. The results of the total bacterial populations in the minced-pork and pork patty samples showed that the antimicrobial effect of gamma irradiation was superior to that of e-beam irradiation. The 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value of all the samples significantly increased (p<0.05) as the irradiation dose and storage period increased. In addition, the gamma-irradiated (GI) samples had higher (p<0.05) TBARS values than the e-beam-irradiated (EI) samples. The volatile basic nitrogen contents of the GI samples were lower (p<0.05) than those of the EI samples. The color values, such as the $L^*$(brightness), $a^*$(redness), and $b^*$(yellowness) of the minced pork and pork patties, were increased (p<0.05) by irradiation. The hardness and sensory properties, such as the color, chewiness, taste, and overall acceptability of the pork patties, were decreased when the irradiation dose increased, and the hardness and sensory scores of the GI samples were lower than those of the EI samples.

Residual Nitrite Content and Storage Properties of Pork Patties Added with Gardenia Fructus Extract (치자 추출물이 돈육 패티의 아질산염 잔류량과 저장성에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Mi-Ran;Choi, Seong-Hee
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.741-747
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    • 2011
  • Gardenia fructus has been reported to have bioactivities of lowering blood glucose, antitumor, antithrombosis, repression of neogenesis of blood vessels, antioxidant and antibiosis. However, the nitrite scavenging activity and utilization in meat products have not been studied. The substitution effect for nitrite and antibiosis of Gardenia fructus extract (GFE) were investigated by measuring the residual nitrite contents and storage properties of pork patties prepared with nitrite (50, 100, and 150 ppm) and GFE (0, 0.25, 0.5%). The CIE $L^*$ and CIE $a^*$ of pork patties decreased, while CIE $b^*$ increased as the addition of GFE increased. Patties with more GFE added tended to be lower in pH when stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 6 wk, but TBARS and VBN were not affected by the addition of GFE. Residual nitrite in patties was lowered as the storage period was lengthened and as the GFE addition was increased. During the storage at $4^{\circ}C$, Escherichia coli was not detected, and the total aerobic bacterial count was decreased as more GFE was added, showing the substitution effect of GFE for nitrite in antimicrobial activity. In conclusion, the results show that GFE has nitrite scavenging and antibiotic activities in meat products, suggesting its potential use in healthy and sustainable foods with diverse biofunctionalities.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Medicinal Herb Extract Mix in Pork Patties during Cold Storage (복합 한약재 추출물 첨가가 돈육 패티의 저온저장 중 항산화 및 항균성에 미치는 영향)

  • Choe, Jun-Ho;Jang, Ae-Ra;Lee, Bong-Deok;Liu, Xian-De;Song, Hyun-Pa;Jo, Cheor-Un
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.122-129
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    • 2008
  • The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of pork patties supplemented with medicinal herb extract mix were investigated. The medicinal herb extract powder was mixed at a ratio of 48.5:48.5:3.0 for Morus alba L, Lonicera flos, and Coptis chinensis, respectively. The pork was prepared and supplemented with medicinal herb extract mix (0, 0.5, 1, or 2%) and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were tested during storage at $4^{\circ}C$. The pH value decreased during cold storage at $4^{\circ}C$ for allsamples, however the pH of samples supplemented with herb extract mix rapidly decreased by days 5 and 10 ($p{\leq}0.05$). The total phenol content in the pork patties with herb extract mix was higher than in the control patties. The ABTS+ radical scavenging activities increased with increasing concentrations of herb extract mix from 0.5% to 2%. In addition, pork patties supplemented with herb extract mix showed an approximately 1 decimal reduction in total aerobic counts. Therefore, the addition of herb extract mix into pork patties increased the antioxidant activity and slightly improved the antimicrobial activity of pork patties during cold storage. However, the levels of added medicinal herb extract mix should be considered prior to its use in order to maintain proper sensory acceptance.

Physico-chemical Properties and Utilization of Sarcoplasmic Proteins for the Determination of End-point Cooking Temperatures of Ground Pork Hams Containing Salt and Fat (식염 및 지방을 함유한 분쇄돈육의 이화학적 성상 및 최종가열온도 측정을 위한 근장단백질의 이용)

  • Kang, S.M.;Chin, K.B.;Cho, S.H.;Lee, J.M.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.83-90
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    • 2004
  • Processed meals, such as a ground meat and hamburger patty, are required to ensure that no pathogens remain in the final products. However, there was no rapid method available to verify that the recommended end-point cooking temperature(EPT) was reached. Thus, the objective of this study was to rapidly determine EPT of ground pork hams using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SOS-PAGE), based on the disappearance of sarcoplasmic proteins after cooking. Fresh pork hams were added two levels of salt(0, 2%) and fat(15, 25%) combinations, and stored in refrigerator overnight, and cooked to internal cooking temperatures of $64^{\circ}C$ to $74^{\circ}C$ with $2^{\circ}C$ increments. Cooked pork hams were measured cooking loss(CL, %), protein solubility(PS) and SOS-PAGE. CL(%) was reduced with the addition of 2% salt, as compared to the control, regardless of fat contents. It was also increased with increasing eooking temperature. Protein solubility was affected by the cooking temperature, resulting in reduced PS up to $64^{\circ}C$(P < 0.05), but remained constant higher than $68^{\circ}C$. In SOS-PAGE analysis, protein bands with the molecular weights of 36 and 66 kDa were affected by the addition of salt and fat combinations. regardless of treatments. These protein fractions were decreased gradually with increased cooking temperatures up to $68^{\circ}C$ ${\sim}$ $70^{\circ}C$ and might be good indicators for the determination of EPT in ground pork hams.

Antimicrobial Effects of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. Extract on Pathogenic Microorganisms (병원성 미생물에 대한 소나무(Pinus densifiora Sieb. et Zucc.) 추출물의 항균효과)

  • 임용숙;박경남;배만종;이신호
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.462-468
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    • 2001
  • To develop natural food preservative, antimicrobial activity of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. (PD) ethanol extract against pathogens were investigated. The growth of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29737, Bacillus subtils KCTC 1021, Bacillus megaterium KCTC 3007 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 was inhibited as much as 4 to 6 log cycle in tryptic soy broth containing 40mg/㎖ of PD extract but Salmonalla typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 21541 were not inhibited. The total, gram negative and psychrotrophic bacterial count were inhibited in minced pork containing 40mg/㎖ of PD extract for 20 days at 4$\^{C}$. The sensory quality of hamburger patty such as taste, flavor and overall acceptability were not decreased by the addition of 40mg/㎖ PD(p<0.05).

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Effect of Red Ginseng Extracted with Water and Ethanol on the Qualities of Cooked Pork Patties During Storage (물 및 에탄올 추출을 통해 제조된 홍삼 추출물의 첨가가 저장 중 가열 돈육패티의 품질특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Il Suk;Yang, Mira;Jin, Sang-Keun;Park, Jae Hong;Chu, Gyo Moon;Kim, Jae-Young;Kang, Suk Nam
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.55 no.5
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    • pp.475-481
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    • 2013
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of red ginseng extracted with water extract (WE) and 50% ethanol extract (EE) from white ginseng on cooked meat patties during storage. Different concentrations of extracts were examined (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.%, respectively, dry base w/w). A significantly higher water holding capacity (WHC) was observed in samples supplemented with ${\geq}$ 0.5% WE (p < 0.01); however, EE had no significant effect on the WHC of meat patties. Samples supplemented with ${\geq}$ 0.5% WE or EE showed a significantly higher redness ($a^*$-value) compared to the control (p < 0.01). The total plate counts (TPC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) of all treated samples were lower than those of the control. However, there were no significant differences in volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values and sensory evaluation scores between the samples. These results suggest that red ginseng extract improves color and inhibits lipid oxidation and bacterial population at doses > 0.25%, prolonging the shelf-life of meat products and acting as a natural colorant.

Improved Quality Properties of Low-Fat Meat Patties Containing Sweet Persimmon Powder during Freeze Storage (단감분말을 함유한 저지방 돈육 미트패티의 냉동 저장 중 품질 변화)

  • Kim, Il-Suk;Jin, Sang-Keun;Ha, Chang-Ju
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.113-121
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    • 2008
  • Pork patties were made containing hot air dried sweet persimmon powder (T1: 3%, T2: 6%) and freezer dried sweet persimmon powder (T3: 3%, T4: 6%). The control (C: no addition) and each treatment were stored for 40 days at $-18^{\circ}C$. The pH value decreased (p<0.05) in all products over 30 days of storage but slightly increased thereafter. There was no significant difference in WHC between the control and treatment groups. Cooking loss and meat color (CIE L, a, b) increased significantly (p<0.05) as storage increased. The cooking loss of meat patties containing sweet persimmon powder were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the control. The L value of the control increased significantly (p<0.05) relative to the treatment groups, however the a and b values were slightly higher in meat patties containing sweet persimmon powder. In all products, the reduction ratio of diameter increased (p<0.05) with storage time. With regard to microorganisms, all samples were in good condition, containing below 4.20 log CFU/g based on total plate counts through 40 days, though total plate counts and coliform plate counts of the control were lower (p<0.05) than T3 and T4. The VBN values of T4 was significantly higher than those of other products at 15, 30, and 40 days of storage. The TBARS values of meat patties containing sweet persimmon powder were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the conlIol. Sensory panels determined that meat patties containing sweet persimmon powder had a higher (p>0.05) preference score for overall acceptability.

Antioxidant Activity and Quality Characteristics of Pork Patties Added with Saltwort (Salicornia herbacea L.) Powder (함초(Salicornia herbacea L.)분말을 첨가한 돈육패티의 항산화활성 및 품질특성)

  • Joo, Shin Youn;Choi, Hae Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.8
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    • pp.1189-1196
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    • 2014
  • This study investigated the effects of saltwort powder on the antioxidant activity and quality characteristics of patties added with saltwort powder. Patties were prepared with different amounts (0, 1, 2, and 3%) of saltwort powder. The total phenolic content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and pH of patties increased with increasing saltwort powder content (P<0.05). In particular, the moisture content and cooking loss of the group added with 2% saltwort powder were the highest and lowest, respectively (P<0.05). As the content of saltwort powder increased, $L^*$ and $a^*$ values decreased while $b^*$ value increased. Texture analysis showed that the hardness, chewiness, and gumminess of the control group were lower than those of the treated group (P<0.05). Consumer acceptability showed that 1% and 2% saltwort powder groups scored higher in terms of overall preference, appearance, color, taste, and texture compared to the other groups. Characteristic intensity rating of saltwort patties showed that as more saltwort powder was added, saltwort taste intensified; however, the increase did not affect juiciness, off flavor, or salty taste of the patties. Judging from the results, it was concluded that the addition of saltwort powder to patties in processing can enhance the preference, quality, and antioxidant activities of the patties, which elevates the value of patties.

Antioxidant Activity of the Oven-dried Paprika Powders with Various Colors and Phycochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Pork Patty Containing Various Paprika Powder (파프리카의 색이 열풍 건조한 파프리카 분말을 첨가한 돈육 분쇄육의 이화학적 특성과 항산화 활성 평가)

  • Shim, Yong Woo;Chin, Koo Bok
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.626-632
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    • 2013
  • This study was performed to determine the antioxidant activity of the oven-dried paprika powder as affected by the color differences of paprika and to evaluate physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of pork patties with various levels of paprika powders. The total phenolic contents of the paprika were not affected by color and solvent (p>0.05). The methanol extracted paprika powder showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than water extracted counterpart, and no differences were observed at concentration of 0.5% as compared to the reference (ascorbic acid) (p>0.05). In all treatments, the iron chelating ability increased with increasing concentrations. At a concentration of 1.0%, methanol extracts of orange paprika (MOP) and water extracts of red paprika (WRP) were not different from the reference, (ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA). The paprika color and extraction solvent didn't affect reducing power of paprika powder at each concentration (p>0.05). Pork patties with red paprika powder were higher redness values than those with orange ones, regardless of addition level. The addition of red paprika increased the yellowness, and patties with 1.0% orange paprika powder showed the highest value. TBARS values were decreased with increasing paprika powder, especially, patties with 1.0% paprika powder were lower TBARS than those with 0.5% paprika powder, resulting in similar to those with ascorbic acid (p>0.05). Although the microbial counts increased with storage time, paprika powders did not inhibit microorganisms during storage. In conclusion, paprika powders could be used as a natural antioxidant in meat products, regardless of paprika color.