• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.232-235
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• 2018

Portal vein provides about three-fourths of liver's blood supply. Portal vein is formed behind the neck of pancreas, at the level of the second lumbar vertebra and formed from the convergence of superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The purpose of this study is to review the normal distribution and variation, morphometry of portal vein and its branches for their implication in liver surgery and preoperative portal vein embolization. It is also helpful for radiologists while performing radiological procedures. A total of fresh 40 livers with intact splenic and superior mesenteric vein were collected from the mortuary of Forensic Department, JSS Medical College and Mysuru Medical College. The silicone gel was injected into the portal vein and different segments were identified and portal vein variants were noted. The morphometry of portal vein was measured by using digital sliding calipers. The different types of portal vein segmental variants were observed. The present study showed predominant type I in 90% cases, type II 7.5% cases, and type III 2.5% cases. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of length of right portal vein among males and females were $2.096{\pm}0.602cm$ and $1.706{\pm}0.297cm$, respectively. Mean and SD of length of left portal vein among males and females were $3.450{\pm}0.661cm$ and $3.075{\pm}0.632cm$, respectively. The difference in the Mean among the males and females with respect to length of right portal vein and left portal vein was found to be statistically significant (P=0.010). Prior knowledge of variations regarding the formation, termination and tributaries of portal vein are very helpful and important for surgeons to perform liver surgeries like liver transplantation, segmentectomy and for Interventional Radiologists.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.211-214
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• 1990

Portal vein anomalies include absence, duplication, and malposition(preduodenal portal vein). Duplication of the portal vein or a preduodenal portal vein are hazards at the time of biliary or duodenal surgery. or liver transplantation. Preduodenal portal vein, which was first reported by knight in 1921, is extremely rare congenital anomaly and may cause duodenal obstruction. Recently, we experienced a case of preduodenal portal vein associated with dextrocardia, situs inversus, and duodenal obstruction in a 3 days old male newborn and report with review of the references.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.674-678
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• 1998

Radiograph and serum activities were investigated in six dogs with experimental portal vein branch ligation. Operative mesenteric portography showed the incomplete portal vein circulation due to ligation of portal vein branch. Several serum enzyme activities were measured after portal vein branch ligation. Albumin and total protein were decreased following the time. Others were increased. In microscopic findings, hepatocellular necrosis and haemorrhage were identified in midzone and centrilobular zone. And reverse lobulation pattern was found in dogs with portal vein branch ligation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2015

Portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis are uncommon conditions and have been associated with poor prognosis. They are most commonly caused by necrotizing enterocolitis but may have other causes, and they can be associated with necrotizing and ischemic colitis, intra-abdominal abscess, small bowel obstruction, diverticulitis, colon cancer, and acute pancreatitis. With the more frequent use of computed tomography (CT) scans, portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis have been increasingly detected in recent years. Because of its high mortality rate, necrotizing enteritis with portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis may be treated with emergent exploratory laparotomy. We report a case of necrotizing enteritis with portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a 47-year-old man treated with intensive medical management and delayed operation due to unstable condition and surgical mortality. He had good clinical results without complications after the delayed operation.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.283-286
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• 2017

A 4-month-old, female Maltese dog was referred with continuous heart murmur. Patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed via radiography and echocardiography. The patient was untreated because of client's refusal. After 13 months, the dog was referred again with seizure and salivation. Laboratory examination revealed increased liver enzymes, hyperammonemia and decreased total cholesterol and total protein. Microhepatica was identified on abdominal radiography. CT angiography showed a shunt vessel that originated from the portal trunk to the prehepatic caudal vena cava and patent ductus arteriosus connecting proximal descending aorta with the main pulmonary artery. No portal vasculature toward liver is observed after shunt vessel. The patient was diagnosed as concurrent patent ductus arteriosus and congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with suspected portal vein aplasia. In human, cardiac malformations are frequently observed in patients with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with portal vein aplasia. This report described concurrent patent ductus arteriosus and congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with suspected portal vein aplasia in a dog.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 1967

Casting specimens of portal system and hepatic vein system in livers were made by injection of vinylite into the portal vein and postcava in 20 adult dogs. The author classificated the ramification of portal system and hepatic vein system. The results obtained were summerized as follows: 1. Portal system in livers were divided into left and right trunks. The left trunk subdivided into papillary process (caudate lobe,) left medial lobe, left lateral lobe, quadrate lobe and right medial lobe rami. The right trunk were subdivided into right lateral lobe and caudate proccss(caudate lobe.) 2. The lateral superior and medial inferior rami of portal system in left lateral lobe were subdivided 1 or 2 branches from left trunk. 3. The lateral superior ramus of portal system in left medial lobe did not appeared in 40% of the cases examined. 4. Portal system in quadrate lobe were subdivided 1-3 branches from left trunk, 5. Portol system in right medial lobe rami were relatively simple in ramification. 6. The lateral superior and medial inferior rami of portal system in right lateral lobe were subdivided 1 or 2 branches from right trunk. 7. Hepatic vein system of left lateral, left medial, quadrate and right medial lobe rami were originated from same ramus divided from the postcava in all cases. 8. Hepatic vein system of left and right rami in right medial lobe were divided from postcava.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 2014

Pancreatic pseudocyst rupture into the portal vein is a very rare complication and only three reported cases were confirmed using MRI. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with fistula formation between the pseudocyst and the portal vein, confirmed noninvasively by MRI. T2-weighted MR images and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed fluid signal intensity within the portal, superior mesenteric, and splenic veins, and a direct communication between the pseudocyst and the portal vein.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.123-126
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• 1975

By means of vinylite-corrosion technique, the distribution of the portal vein within the liver in 50 Korean native goats was observed. The portal vein consists of the following principal branches; Truncus sinister vanae portae et dexter, Pars transversa trunci sinistri, Pars umbilicalis trunci sinistri, Ramus lateralis lobi sinistri, Ramus medialis lobi sinistri, Ramus medialis lobi dextri, Ramus lateralis lobi dextri, Ramus dorsolateralis, Ramus caudatorum. In the goat Pars transversa trunci dexter could not be recognized.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.171-173
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• 2019

Two dogs presented with vomiting and head pressing. In both dogs, a large vessel was revealed in computed tomography (CT) angiography, which was found to leave the portal vein (PV) cranial to the splenomesenteric confluence and enter the pre-hepatic caudal vena cava cranial to the right renal vein. The flow of portal blood to the liver was not identified. Based on CT angiography, the dogs were suspected to have congenital PV aplasia with portocaval shunting. Diagnostic imaging of potential malformations for PV continuation should be conducted before attempting shunt closure.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 1978

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Panax ginseng on the metabolism of nonprotein nitrogen compounds in rabbit blood. After rabbits were administered with ginseng powder orally for 30 days or with ginseng extract intraperitoneally for 10 days, the blood was collected from portal and ear vein to measure ammonia, urea, creatinine and nonprotein nitrogen. The blood ammonia level in ear vein of control rabbits was $87.0{\pm}5.1{\mu}g/100ml$ and was not significantly different from that of rabbits which were administered with ginseng powder orally or with ginseng extract intraperitoneally. But oral administration of ginseng powder produced a great decrease in ammonia level of portal vein from 1,392 to $704{\mu}g$ per 100ml, suggesting that intestinal ammonia production is suppressed by ginseng powder due to its antimicrobial activity. While there was no significant difference between the control and the rabbits which were administered with ginseng extract intraperitoneally. Ginseng administration had no effect on the creatinine level in blood from ear and portal vein, except the intraperitoneal injection of ginseng extract. It slightly lowered the creatinine level only in ear vein blood. The values of urea and nonprotein nitrogen were net affected by the administration of ginseng.