• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.471-482
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• 2004

Purpose: This study intended to identify personality factors and related problematic behaviors of adolescents who drink alcohol in order to provide basic data for developing nursing programs. Methods: The data were collected from October to December 2002 from 1.080 high school students in Seoul. The Revised Cloninger's Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was used to measure their personalities. The alcohol expectancy was measured using the tool revised by Cho (1999) and stress levels were measure using a stress tool revised Cho (1998). The data were analyzed with SPSS Windows using Chi square test. independent t-test. and logistic regression analysis. Results: 1. The percentage of fathers who drank was 79.8%. mothers. 54.3%. and friends. 54.3%. The alcohol expectancy averaged 6.36 while the stress levels were 132.79. 2. It was found that there are significant differences (p<.001) in problematic drinking behaviors according to the following variables: second year high school students among all grade variables, more monthly pocket money for the amount of money variables, the group of students who smoked in the case of the variable related to smoking, spending more time using the Internet for the Internet use variable, and having friends who drink 65.6% for the friend variable. The alcohol expectancy scale of those students who showed problematic drinking behaviors was higher than that of those who did not. There are four family-related stress subscales, and there was a significant difference among them (p<.05). Among the personal characteristics, the group who displayed problematic drinking behaviors seeks new experiences and reward dependence more than the group who did not exhibit those behaviors, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<.001). 3. When the socio-demographic and drinking-related factors were controlled, the tendency of seeking new experiences increased the risk of problematic behaviors 1.07 times (p<.05). Compared to the non smoking group, the smoking group was found to have a 5.06 time (p<.001) greater risk of displaying problematic drinking behaviors. In comparison with the non drinking group, the drinking group was also found to have a 5.31 time (p<.001) greater risk of exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors. The group with high alcohol expectancy scores was significantly different from the group with the no alcohol expectancy, showing a 1.26 time (p<.00l) greater risk of problematic drinking behaviors. Conclusions: Based on these results, the problematic drinking behaviors were connected with alcohol expectancies, friends and personality types. Therefore, we should develop an alcoholic prevention program for adolescence considering the above results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.265-279
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the impact of a drinking reduction program on drinking motivation, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and problematic drinking behaviors in college students with problematic drinking habits. Methods: This study incorporated a non-equivalent control group prepost-test design. Study participants included 58 college students who scored 12 or more in the AUDIT-K test (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Korean version) (experimental group: 30; control group: 28). The intervention consisted of eight sessions and was conducted once a week. It was designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness-the three elements of basic psychological needs in self-determination theory. The participants were assessed before the intervention, immediately after, and four weeks post intervention. Data were collected from October 12 to December 31, 2017. The analysis employed the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: The mean age of participants was 21.8 years. There were 30 men (51.7%) and 28 women (48.3%). The differences in drinking motivation, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and problematic drinking behaviors were statistically significant for the group by time interaction (F = 42.56, p < .001; F = 54.96, p < .001; F = 39.90, p < .001, respectively). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the intervention effectively decreases drinking motivation, increases drinking refusal self-efficacy, and decreases problematic drinking behaviors. It can be an efficient strategy for college students with problematic drinking habits to enhance their self-determination ability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.509-519
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• 2015

In spite of the efforts to reduce traffic accidents of commercial vehicles, the number of driving under the influence (DUI) of commercial drivers has been increasing. This study examines the effect of stress coping style of commercial drivers on driving behaviors. Specifically, this research aims to find the role of life stress as a mediator in the relationships between the stress coping style and problematic drinking behaviors. 1308 licensed commercial vehicle drivers participated in this research. Results showed that life stress mediated the relationships between problem focused strategies, wishful thinking strategies, passive avoidance strategies and problematic drinking behaviors. These findings indicate that educating drivers to change their stress coping styles would be helpful to inhibit them from being involved in drunken driving.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.364-373
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of self-efficacy promoting reducing alcohol program on drinking related knowledge, drinking refusal self-efficacy, drinking outcome expectancy and problematic drinking behavior of women college students over 8 scores of AUDIT-K. Methods: Data were collected from 22 students with intervention program in the experimental group and 24 students with no intervention program in the control group and analyzed using ${\chi}^2$, t-test and ANCOVA. Results: The Drinking related knowledge(F=14.33, p<.001) of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group and the optimistic drinking outcome expectancy(F=18.28, p<.001), and problematic drinking behavior(F=5.57, p=.003) of experimental group were significantly less than those of control group. Conclusion: it is recommended that college students should receive this program to prevent and reduce their drinking behaviors.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a time management program on self-efficacy and drinking-habit of college student with problematic drinking. Methods : Thirty subjects with problematic drinking were randomly assigned to either a experimental group or control group. The intervention applied to the experimental group was a time manage program which was consisted of two times of sessions per week and provided for five weeks. There was no specific intervention applied to the control group. Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korean (AUDIT-K) was used to measure problematic drinking behaviors and Self-Efficacy Test was used to evaluate self-efficacy of the subjects. Results : Experimental group showed a significant improvement in AUDIT-K after intervention between groups. In change scores within group, experimental group showed a significant improvement in both AUDIT-K and Self-Efficacy Test, and control group showed a significant improvement in AUDIT-K only. Conclusion : The result of this study showed that time management program is an effective method for college student with problematic drinking.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.83-93
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• 2013

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the gender differences in the relationship between alcohol use behaviors and the risk of metabolic syndrome among Korean adult population. Methods: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (5th, 2010) was analyzed. Using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, subjects were classified into 4 groups including non-drinking, low-risk drinking, medium-level alcohol problem, and high-level alcohol problem group. Metabolic syndrome and its components were compared among the alcohol behavior groups by gender. Results: The odds ratio vs. non-drinking group for metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in male medium and high-level alcohol problem group. In female, high-level alcohol problem group showed significantly higher odds ratio for metabolic syndrome. Blood pressure and HDL-cholesterol were likely to be higher with the excessive drinking behaviors in both men and woman. Triglyceride level in men was significantly higher in the medium and high-level alcohol problem group than non-drinking group. Although fasting glucose level did not show differences among drinking groups, the odd ratios vs. non-drinking group for the hyperglycemia (${\geq}$ 100mg/dl) were significantly higher in female drinking groups. Conclusions: Problematic alcohol drinking is likely to increase the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.687-695
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• 2017

This study tried to confirm the effective intervention to reduce drinking frequency and problem behaviors among the three interventions; school based, feedback, and behavior change. Meta-analysis was conducted targeting at 16 studies of randomized controlled trial in which alcohol intervention has been applied to adolescent. The drinking frequency and problem behaviors were analyzed by follow up period. There was a significant difference in the feedback intervention to reduce the frequency of drinking under 3 months of follow up period. Also, there was a significant difference in the feedback intervention to reduce the problematic behaviors of drinking between 4 and 12 months of follow up period(p<.05). The study confirmed that feedback intervention is effective in reducing the frequency of drinking during the follow up period under 3 months, and it is effective in reducing the problem behaviors of drinking during the 4~12 months of follow up period. Also, the study confirmed that school-based intervention and feedback intervention were useful in reducing and preventing harmful effects of drinking by adolescents.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2012

The purposes of this study are to estimate the stress level of university students, and to verify the relationships between stress level and drinking behavior. A questionnaire survey was administered to 430 university students in the Gangwon area in Korea from November 5 to November 28, 2008, and data from 391 students were used for the final statistical analysis. The most stressful factor was "Worry about academic achievements" (2.86 by Likert-type 4 point scale). The subjects were divided into two groups, a low stress group (${\leq}65.0$) and a high stress group (${\geq}66.0$), by the mean value (65.1) and median value (66.0) of the stress levels. The drinking frequency was not different between the two stress groups, but the amount of alcohol consumption was significantly different ($P$ < 0.05). The portion of students reporting drinking "7 glasses or over" was higher in the lower stress group than in the higher stress group. In addition, factor 6, "Lack of learning ability", was negatively correlated with drinking frequency and the amount of alcohol consumption ($P$ < 0.05), and factor 3, "Worry about academic achievements", was negatively correlated with the amount of drinking ($P$ < 0.05). The major motive for drinking was "When overjoyed or there is something to celebrate" (2.62), and the main expected effect of drinking was "Drinking enables me to get together with people and shape my sociability" (2.73). The higher stress group showed significantly higher scores on several items in the categories of motives ($P$ < 0.01), negative experience ($P$ < 0.05), and expected effects ($P$ < 0.05) of drinking than the lower stress group. Our results imply that university students at the lower stress level may drink more from social motives in positive drinking environments, while those at the higher stress level may have more problematic-drinking despite their smaller amount of alcohol consumption.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the mental health and health risk behaviors of multicultural adolescents according to their mothers' native country. Methods: For this study raw data from the 11th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2015) was examined. Mental health and health risk behaviors for 62,985 adolescents were analyzed according to their mothers' native country. Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS program using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis, to which the complex sample design was applied. Results: The odds ratio of depression in multicultural adolescents compared to Korean adolescents was 44.92 (CI: 5.77-349.59) for adolescents whose mothers came from Cambodia and 3.00 (CI: 1.57-5.76) for adolescents whose mothers came from North Korea. The odds ratio of attempted suicide was 14.73 (CI: 3.09-70.22) for adolescents whose mothers came from Cambodia and 8.63 (CI: 3.45-21.62) for adolescents whose mothers came from North Korea. The odds ratio of problematic drinking in multicultural adolescents was 7.47 (CI: 1.71-32.67) for adolescents whose mothers came from Mongolia. Conclusion: Findings indicate that when planning a health promotion program for adolescents from multicultural families, a customized approach should be sought taking into account the characteristics of mothers' native country.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1690-1698
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• 2012

As alcohol use is one of the most important risk factors for injuries, this study was intended to clarify and evaluate any relationship between drinking patterns and the incidence rates/specific characteristics of injuries in adult populations, using a widely accepted tool, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (chronic alcohol drinking behaviors measurement, hereinafter the AUDIT) developed by the World Health Organization to help to assess the behaviors in a more accurate and reliable manner. This study used the data collected from the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), in which 7,511 of 7,893 adult participants aged ${\geq}19$ years answered the questions about injuries, and excluding 104 non-respondents, 6,258 of participants in the questionnaire survey of drinking patterns were finally analyzed. The incidence rates and specific characteristics of injuries as classified by the AUDIT categories (i.e., body regions, types and mechanisms) were assessed and estimated in terms of their relative risk using t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression. SPSS 19.0 statistical package software was employed for statistical analyses. These analyses indicate that the incidence rates of overall injuries were significantly higher in male respondents than in female respondents. The risks of alcohol use related injuries were 8.3 times higher in male respondents than in female ones. Regarding educational background, high school graduates showed the highest rates in the AUDIT with significant difference from the other groups. The married group and the group of respondents having monthly income estimated at KRW 2.01 to 3 million also showed the highest rates in the AUDIT compared to the other groups, indicating statistically significant difference. Significantly increased in problematic drinkers and those with alcohol dependence, the incidence rate of injuries body regions was 0.0371 in the head/neck, and with respect to the AUDIT and the mechanisms of external causes of injuries, transport accidents ranked first, followed by slippage, others, crash and fall. In regard to the classified types of injuries, it was statistically significant in others (e.g., laceration, contusion, addiction, or penetrating wound). In conclusion, the mechanisms of external causes of injuries as well as injuries attributed to alcohol use are very important, and a strategy is required to reduce such the injuries in the manner of decreasing the frequency of drinking after motivation by professional counsellors.