• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2011

Microbial colorants produced from Zooshikella sp. were developed as a reddish dye for fabrics. The reddish colorants were extracted from cell mass of Zooshikella sp. using 100% ethanol and were identified as prodiginine by 1H-NMR and FT-IR analysis. Microbial prodiginine had a maximum spectrophotomatric absorbance at 530nm and were chemically stable and 30 to $60^{\circ}C$. The microbial prodiginine could dye natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and wool as well as synthetic fibers such as nylon. The maximum K/S values of the dyed fiber were shown at 540 run with a color appearance of RP (reddish purple). Silk and nylon had an excellent dyeability among the experimental fibers. The optimum pH for the dyeing of experimental fibers was at pH 3.0 and dyeability was improved as the temperature increased. The cover change of dyed multifiber fabrics with the microbial prodiginine were measured after washing with detergents and a dry cleaning solvent for the selection of a proper fabric against microbial prodiginine. Among the experimental fibers, silk and nylon did not show significant color change after washing. Therefore, under the criteria of dyeability, silk and nylon were excellent fabrics for being dyed by microbial prodiginine.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.693-702
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 미생물에서 추출한 천연 색소로 염색한 직물의 색채특성을 고찰하고 염색 직물의 색채감성에 영향을 미치는 색채감각과 물리적 색채특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 미생물 Zooshikellar에서 추출한 prodiginine 색소를 이용하여 적자색으로 염색된 면, 견, 모, 나일론 직물에 대하여 20대 대학생 남녀 40명을 대상으로 의미미분법을 이용한 색채감각 및 감성을 평가하였다. 미생물 prodiginine 색소로 염색한 직물의 색채감성요인은 '유쾌성', '품위성', '독특성', '편안성' 등 4개 요인으로 분류되었는데, 이 중 '유쾌성' 요인이 미생물 색소로 염색한 직물의 대표적인 색채감성요인이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 미생물 prodiginine 색소로 염색한 직물 색채의 명도 $L^{\ast}$은 '유쾌성' 요인과 유의한 관계를, 채도인 $C^{\ast}$는 색채감성요인 모두와 유의한 관련성을 보였으며, $a^{\ast}$와 $b^{\ast}$ 의 물리적 색채변인 또한 색채감성요인에 유의한 영향을 끼쳤다. 또한 색채감각과 색채감성요인은 부분적으로 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 미생물 prodiginine 색소로 염색한 직물의 색채감성, 색채특성 및 색채감각 중에서 색상 선호도를 예측해 주는 변인은 '유쾌성'과 '독특성'을 포함한 색채감성임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1454-1459
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• 2013

The changes in prodiginines productions caused by pH shock culture of Streptomyces coelicolor strains were estimated. In Streptomyces coelicolor M511, undecylprodiginine and streptorubin B productions increased 1.8-fold (37.22 mg/g) and 2.5-fold (18.61 mg/g), respectively, by pH shock (from 7.2 to 4.0). In contrast, this resulted in the significantly decreased prodigignines production in the redP deletion mutant SJM1; 3.7-fold for undecylprodiginine, 4.4-fold for streptorubin B, 5.2-fold for methylundecylprodiginine, and 6.4-fold for methyldodecylundecylprodiginine, respectively. RT-PCR analyses showed that, during pH shock, expression of redD, the transcription activator gene, was increased while the expression of fabH, the decarboxylative condensation enzyme gene in fatty acid biosynthesis, was decreased in both strains. The enhanced redD expression was in good accordance with the increased total prodiginines production of M511. However, for SJM1 mutant, the decrease of fabH expression occurred more strikingly, such that it became almost completely turned off during acidic pH shock culture. Therefore, a down-regulation of fabH was considered to be the cause of decreased amount of total prodiginines produced, although redD expression was high in SJM1 mutant.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1621-1629
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• 2008

Harmful algal blooms (HABs), commonly called red tides, are caused by some toxic phytoplanktons, and have made massive economic losses as well as marine environmental disturbances. As an effective and environment-friendly strategy to control HAB outbreaks, biological methods using marine bacteria capable of killing the harmful algae or algicidal extracellular compounds from them have been given attention. A new member of the $\gamma$-Proteobacteria, Hahella chejuensis KCTC 2396, was originally isolated from the Korean seashore for its ability to secrete industrially useful polysaccharides, and was characterized to produce a red pigment. This pigment later was identified as an alkaloid compound, prodigiosin. During the past several decades, prodigiosin has been extensively studied for its medical potential as immunosuppressants and antitumor agents, owing to its antibiotic and cytotoxic activities. The lytic activity of this marvelous molecule against Cochlodinium polykrikoides cells at very low concentrations ($\sim$l ppb) was serendipitously detected, making H. chejuensis a strong candidate among the biological agents for HAB control. This review provides a brief overview of algicidal marine bacteria and their products, and describes in detail the algicidal characteristics, biosynthetic process, and genetic regulation of prodigiosin as a model among the compounds active against red-tide organisms from the biochemical and genetic viewpoints.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2010

운데실프로지닌과 스트래토루빈 B는 S. coelicolor가 생산하는 붉은색 항생물질이다. 이번 연구에서 이들 붉은색 항생제의 생산성과 pH shock 스트레스와의 상관관계를 연구 하였다. 운데실프로디지닌과 스트랩토루빈 B의 생합성은 고체 R2YE 배지에서 산성 pH shock에 의해 증가되었다. 최적 pH shock은 pH 4로 비교군과 비교하여 각각 1.6배 및 2배 운데실프로디진과 스트랩토루빈 B의 생산성이 증가되었다. 게다가, 산성 pH 4의 세포 추출물은 T. mentagrophytes 에 대한 주목할만한 저항 활성을 나타내었다. 그러나, 중성 및 염기성 pH shock에서는 이들 항생제의 생산성뿐만 아니라 항진균 활성 증가가 일어나지 않았다. 그러므로, 비록 산성 pH shock이 간단하고 쉬운 방법이지만, 이들 붉은색 항생물질과 다른 이차대사산물의 생산성 향상에는 매우 효과적인 접근방법일 것이다.