• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

We investigated mating conditions about care temperature of queen before mating, mating period, and number of queen per mating cage to improve mating rate of Bombus terrestris. Among $19^{\circ}C$, $22^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, care temperatures of queen before mating, queen cared at $19^{\circ}C$ was more effective than those at $22^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ in death rate during care and mating periods, and colony development In case of mating period, oviposition rate and preoviposition periods at queen mated during 3 days were 89.3% and 11.4 days, respectively, which was higher and earlier than those of queen mated during 5 days and 7 days. The rate of worker emergence, colony foundation and progeny-queen production at 3 days-mated queen were also 2.0-11.6% higher than those at queen mated during 5 days and 7 days. In number of queen per mating cage, the rate of worker emergence, colony foundation and progeny-queen production queen mated at mating cage with 10 queens and 30 males were 41.5%, 25.9% and 23.2%, respectively. These values correspond to 1.5-6.8 folds those queen mated at cage with 20 queens and 30 queens. Therefore, we supposed that care temperature favorable for B. terrestris queen was $19^{\circ}C$ and the period need to mating was 3 days, and the number of queen per mating cage ($55{\times}45{\times}65\;cm$) was 10.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.69-83
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is considering about drag queen's costume in the point of view of anthropology and psychoanalysis. The contents are the meaning of drag queen by theoretical research and the characteristics of drag queen's costume. The results of characteristics of drag queen's costume are summerized as following. 1. Sexual originality is related with homosexuality. Costume express character of gay not as a transsexual or cross-dresser. 2. Imitation is related with identification of drag queen and famous star like actress, pop singer and historical heroine. 3. Amusement is related with drag queen's life style. There are two kinds of character in amusement. One is humour. Another is an exaggeration. 4. Commercialism is related with mass-media culture. Drag queen's costume have an influence with movie, advertisement and modern fashion.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.126-140
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• 2008

This thesis aims to examine the symbolism of color in the clothing of women, focusing on the protagonist of the movie Elizabeth: The Golden Age (2007). At the beginning of the movie, the Queen wears gowns with cartwheel ruff and wheel farthingales, symbolizing the attempt of establishing a powerful majesty. However, the Queen falls in love with Walter Raleigh and her clothing comes to emphasize femininity displaying her cleavage. Later on, her clothing indicates charismatic authority as she prepares for the Spanish war. At the end of the movie, the Queen who led the the country to victory in war puts on a luxurious gown with butterfly wings that reminds of a fairy queen. The colors of the Queen's clothing are categorized into three groups. First, the color red represents two opposite allegories. The positive image of red denotes Christ's blood, the love of God, and noble status of the Queen's image as a savior of England. On the other hand, red represents lewdness and evil which insinuate that the Queen is being attacked on her religious and political genuineness. Second, the color blue represents Saint Maria, chastity, and divinity. Third, the color goldw and white represent the Queen's ideals which are chastity as a virgin Queen and divinity.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.129-137
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• 2012

The queen-bee genetic algorithm that we made by mimicking of the reproduction of queen-bee has considerably improved the performances of genetic algorithm. However, since we used only one queen-bee in the queen-bee genetic algorithm, a problem that individuals of genetic algorithm were driven to one place where the queen-bee existed occurred. This made the performances of the queen-bee genetic algorithm degrade. In order to solve this problem, we introduce a multiple queen-bee evolution method by employing another queen-bee whose fitness is the most significantly increased than its parents as well as the original queen-bee that is the best individual in a generation. This multiple queen-bee evolution makes the probability of falling into local optimum areas decrease and allows the individuals to easily get out of the local optimum areas even if the individuals fall into a local optimum area. This results in increasing the performances of the genetic algorithm. Experimental results with four function optimization problems showed that the performances of the proposed method were better than those of the existing method in the most cases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.417-422
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• 2007

A new evolution method termed queen-bee and mutant-bee evolution is based on the previous queen-bee evolution [1]. Even though the queen-bee evolution has shown very good performances, two parameters for strong mutation are added to the genetic algorithms. This makes the application of genetic algorithms with queen-bee evolution difficult because the values of the two parameters are empirically decided by a trial-and-error method without a systematic method. The queen- bee and mutant-bee evolution has no this problem because it does not need additional parameters for strong mutation. Experimental results with typical problems showed that the queen-bee and mutant-bee evolution produced nearly similar results to the best ones of queen-bee evolution even though it didn't need to select proper values of additional parameters.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.107-150
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• 2019

The article is intended to examine the four main vocalists, including Freddie Mercury, of the legendary rock group Queen, whose movie has generated a "Queen Syndrome" all over the world, and is widely shared by nearly 10 million viewers in Korea. In today's era of cultural content, this paper studied the relationship between their personality and character in the sense of storytelling for the four Queen members who left charismatic voices and beautiful pop music harmonies. As a theoretical background, I will focus our research on the members' psychological and human factors for the popularization of rock music, but I will apply the environmental factors that each member has been born and lived in, as well as the factors of family relations, such as parents. Queen is a band that has performed throughout the world for about 20 years, from the early 1970s to the birth and disappearance of a rock group. In sum, the four members of Queen, who have strong personalities, showed various musical possibilities by combining completely different genres such as acafella, ballad, opera and hard rock, depending on their taste and imagination, and achieved legendary fame that transcended generations by displaying excellent skills in communicating with the public. The four personality and characters, the rock group Queen and its main vocal Freddie Mercury, were the feet of association calculated by correlation from internal to external influences.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2007

We investigated mating conditions of photoperiod, illumination and temperature during mating periods, care temperature of queen before mating, mating period and number of queen per mating cage to improve mating rate of Bombus ignitus. Among photoperiodic regimes of 12L, 14L and 16L during mating periods, queen mated at 14L showed better results than at 12L and 16L in egg-laying characteristics and colony development. In case of illumination during mating periods, intensity of 1000 lux was more effective than at intensity of 100 lux and 2000 lux in mating B. ignitus queen. Mating temperature and care temperature of queen before mating favorable for B. ignitus queen were $22-25^{\circ}C$ and $19^{\circ}C$, respectively. The period need to mating B. ignitus queen was 3 days, and the number of queen suitable per mating cage of $55{\times}45{\time}65\;cm$ was 30.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2018

Queen honey bees (Apis cerana) can be reared artificially on demand by the use of grafting technique. The technique consists of grafting young worker larvae into queen cell cups and raising in a queenless strong colony. As the age of grafted larvae for queen rearing exhibited several aspects related to quality and reproductive potential of queen, this study were conducted to investigate the influence of age of grafted larva on morphological characteristics and lifespan of queen, and the growth of colony she headed. Our results demonstrated that queens reared from young worker larvae (i.e., less than 1-day old larvae) were significantly larger in size (i.e., body weight and thorax width) than that of queens reared from 2-day old worker larvae. Moreover, queens reared from younger worker larvae initiated egg-laying earlier, stored more spermatozoa in spermatheca and had a longer lifespan compared to queens raised from older worker larvae. We also found a significant positive effect of queen grafting age on the production of worker and drone brood, adult worker population in colonies headed by queens reared from younger larvae. These findings suggested that rearing queens from brood grafted at the earliest possible age could increase the reproductive potential of queen as well as fitness of colony she head.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.233-236
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• 2007

A new evolution method for strong exploration and strong exploitation termed queen-bee and mutant-bee evolution is proposed based on the previous queen-bee evolution [1]. Even though the queen-bee evolution has shown very good performances, two parameters for strong mutation are added to the genetic algorithms. This makes the application of genetic algorithms with queen-bee evolution difficult because the values of the two parameters are empirically decided by a trial-and-error method without a systematic method. The queen-bee and mutant-bee evolution has no this problem because it does not need additional parameters for strong mutation. Experimental results with typical problems showed that the queen-bee and mutant-bee evolution produced nearly similar results to the best ones of queen-bee evolution even though it didn't need to select proper values of additional parameters.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 2010

As an influential political leader, Queen Elizabeth II holds the link between past queens and today's women political leaders and her dress represents so much in accordance to her role. It is important to analyze the dress and role enactment of Queen Elizabeth II in order to provide a guide to the future women political leaders all over the world. The Queen's dress helps her show tradition which has developed over one thousand years of history. She represents Britain to the world focusing on national identity and unity. The Queen always distinct herself from the rest of the world to show the pride of British Monarch, but when she is visiting other counties for diplomatic relationships she would surely show a friendly gesture on her dress to assimilate herself with that country. Also, same as all other women, the Queen seeks practicality in her dress. Therefore, I was able to classify the Queen's dress into jive groups as a way of role enactment. They are tradition, representation, distinction, assimilation, and practicality.