• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2014

Objectives: In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of EtOH extract of Ganoderma lucidum (GLE) on osteoblast proliferation in rat fetus calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from rat fetus calvariae was cultivated for 6~21 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of GLE on the culture medium, we determined the effect of GLE on the cell viability, cell proliferation, bone matrix protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis and calcified nodule formation of the cultivated osteoblast. Results: GLE did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased bone matrix protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. GLE slightly affected calcified nodule formation of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: This study suggests that Ganoderma lucidum might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2012

Objectives: In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of BuOH fraction(YK) from Cinnamomum loureirii on osteoblast proliferation in murine rat calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 10 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of YK on the culture medium, we determined the effect of YK on the cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, apoptosis of the cultivated osteoblast, protein synthesis and collagen synthesis. Results: YK increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. YK increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: This study suggests that YK might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augumentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.9-21
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Carthami tinctorius(HH) on osteoblast function and gene expression. The osteoblasts separated from the rat calvariae were cultivated to evaluate the cell function, and MG-63 cell was also cultivated for the test of mRNA synthesis. In this experiments, cell proliferation of rat calvarial cells was increased by HH. PKC activity, intracellular free calcium level and collgen synthesis from calvarial cells were increased by HH, but not PKA activity. And the mRNA of $PLA_2$, COX-2, and $PGE_2$ synthase from MG-63 were decreased by HH, but the mRNA of prostacyclin synthase was increased. It is concluded that HH might increase the proliferation of calvarial cell resulted from augumentation of osteoblast activity and its mRNA synthesis.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.33-43
• /
• 2013

Objectives: Osteoporosis is characterized by bone loss and morbidity with osteoporotic fracture. In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 6 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of RGE on the culture medium, we determined the effect of RGE on the cell viability, cell proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis and calcified nodule formation of the cultivated osteoblast. Results: The results were summarized as follows. 1. RGE did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. 2. RGE increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. 3. RGE increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast., 4. RGE slightly affected protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 5. RGE increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 6. RGE slightly affected calcified nodule formation of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: From these results, it is concluded that RG might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2013

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Dokhwalgisaengtang-gami water extract(DGG) on osteoporosis. Methods: The osteoclastogenesis and gene expression were determined in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. And osteoblastogenesis was also determined in rat calvarial cell. Results: The results were summarized as followes. 1. DGG decreased the number of TRAP positive cell in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. 2. DGG inhibited TRAP activity in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. 3. DGG decreased the expression of NAFTc1, MITF in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. 4. DGG increased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, IL-6 in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. 5. DGG decreased the expression of cathepsin K, MMP-9, TRAP in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. 6. DGG increased cell proliferation of rat calvarial cell. 7. DGG increased ALP activity in rat calvarial cell 8. DGG increased bone matrix protein, collagen synthesis and nodule formation in rat calvarial cell. Conclusions: It is concluded that DGG might decrease the bone resorption resulted from decrease of osteoclast differentiation and it's related gene expression. And DGG might increase the bone formation resulted from increase of osteoblast function.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.357-366
• /
• 2004

Chronic exposure to high levels of manganese leads a pronounce and debilitating disorder known as manganism. Research on the toxic manifestation of manganese have focused primarily on its neurological effects because exposure to high levels of the metal produces a distinct and irreversible extrapyramidal dysfunction resembling the dystonic movements associated with Parkinson's physiological and biochemical systems in the body. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of manganeses on primary rat calvarial cell growth and toxicity. The experimental groups were in concentration of 0, 10, 30, 60, 100, 300 ${\mu}M$. Cell activity was assessed at day 1 and day 3 using a fluorescent molecular probe. Cell proliferation was evaluated at day 1 and day 3 by MTT assay. The amount of total protein synthesis was measured at day 3 and day 7. The results were as follows: The proliferation of primary rat calvarial cells were inhibited by $MnCl_2$ in the concentration exceeding $100{\mu}M$. The primary rat calvarial cells treated with $MnCl_2$ showed similar protein synthesis to the control group except in 100 ${\mu}M$. These result suggest that manganese suppress the viability and protein synthesis of primary rat calvarial cells in concentration exceeding $100{\mu}M$.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.253-257
• /
• 2002

This study was performed to investigate therapeutic effects of Achyranthis Radix extract and chitosan on the growth and differentiation of rat calvarial cells. it was found that treatment of methanol extract of Achyranthis Radix for 2 days caused 2.4-fold increase in the growth of rat calvarial cells. However, chitosan treatment caused only 1.9-fold increase in the cell growth. Treatment of methanol extract of Achyranthis Radix for 14 days caused 2-fold increase in the growth of rat calvarial cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity, one of the markers for bone cell differentiation, was increased approximately by 1.7-fold and 2.9-fold by the treatment of methanol extract of Achyranthis Radix for 2 days and 14 days, respectively. These results suggest that Achyranthis Radix extract could be beneficial for bone regeneration.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.747-757
• /
• 2004

The effect of chitosan, a carbohydrate biopolymer extracted from chitin, on periodontal regeneration is of particular interest. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan on primary rat calvarial cells in vitro, with special focus on their proliferative properties by cell activity and the amount of total protein synthesis. The experimental groups were cultured with chitosan in concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/ml for MTT assay. In the experimental groups, cells were cultured with chitosan in concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml. Each group was characterized by examining alkaline phosphatase activity at 3 and 7 days and the ability to produce mineralized nodules of rat calvarial cells at 14 and 21 days. The results were as follows: 1. The cell activity was not reduced in the concentration of $0.01{\sim}1.0$ mg/ml whereas the cell activity was reduced in the concentration of 5.0 mg/ml than the control at day 1 and 3 (p<0.05). 2. Primary rat calvarial cells treated with chitosan in the concentration 0.01 mg/ml and 0.1 mg/ml showed more protein synthesis than the control at day 3 (p<0.01), But primary rat calvarial cells treated with chitosan showed more protein synthesis than in control but they didn't have statistically difference among groups at day 7. 3. At 3 and 7 days, alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in the concentration of 0.01 mg/ml. 0.1 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml (p<0.05). 4. The percentage of mineralized bone nodule was more in the concentration of chitosan 0.1 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml than the control. These results suggested that chitosan has a positive effect on the bone formation of primary rat calvarial cells in the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.66-82
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Kanghwalsokdan-tang Gamibang water extract (KSG) on osteoporosis. Methods : RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 was used to evaluate inhibitory effect of KSG osteoclast differentiation and gene expression. We counted TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and measured TRAP activity and mRNA expressions of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (NFATc1, MITF, JNK1, cathepsin K, MMP-9) to figure out the effect of KSG on osteoclast. Osteoblastogenesis was also determined in rat calvarial cell. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone matrix protein and collagen synthesis were measured by using murine calvarial cell. Results : KSG inhibited the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cell and expression of genes related osteoclastogenesis like NAFTc1, MITF, c-fos, JNK1, Cathepsin K, MMP-9 and TRAP. KSG increased cell division and function of osteoblast separated from the skull of a rat and ALP synthesis, biosynthesis of bone matrix protein and collagen. Conclusions : Reviewing these results, KSG has efficacy on osteoclast inhibition and osteoblast activation. After further study, KSG will be able to apply for osteoporosis treatment and prevention.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.12-27
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Guibi-tang water extract (GB) on osteoporosis. Methods: We examined the effect of GB on osteoclast differentiation using murine pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells treated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). The effect of GB on osteoclast was measured by counting TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and measuring TRAP activity. The mRNA expressions of osteoclastogenesis-related genes (Cathepsin K, MMP-9, TRAP, NFATc1, MITF, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, COX-2) were measured by real-time PCR. We examined the effect of GB on osteoblast proliferation, ALP activity, bone matrix protein synthesis and collagen synthesis using murine calvarial cell. Results: GB decreased the number of TRAP (+) multinucleated cells and inhibited TRAP activity in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. GB decreased the expression of genes related osteoclastogenesis such as Cathepsin K, MMP-9, TRAP, NFATc1, MITF, COX-2 in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. But GB did not decrease the expression of iNOS and increased the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 in RANKL-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell. These genes (iNOS, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6) are thought to be related with the inflammatory bone destruction. GB increased cell proliferation of rat calvarial cell and also increased ALP activity in rat calvarial cell. GB did not increase bone matrix protein synthesis but increased collagen synthesis in rat calvarial cell. Conclusions: This study suggests that GB may be effective in treating osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and its related gene expression and by increasing osteoblast proliferation.