• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 1996

한 쌍의 R16-1과 R23-2R primer를 이용한 PCR에 의해 증폭된 16S와 23S rDNA 사이의 rDNA spacer 부위의 다형성들이 Pseudomonas avenae, P. glumae, P. fuscovaginae, P. syringae pv. syrngae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, X. oryzae, Xanthomonas herbicola 등 벼 종자전염성 51개 균주의 구분을 위하여 적용되었다. 증폭산물은 820∼950bp의 크기였으며, 각각의 종에 특이적이었고 구분이 가능하였다. Pseudomonas species의 증폭산물은 P. avenae는 950bp, P. glumae는 850bp, P. fuscovaginae는 770pb 및 P. syringae pv. syringae는 1,240, 1,100 및 820bp로 특이적이었다. P. avenae와 P. glumae의 국내균주들은 다형성에 있어 종내 변이는 없었다. X. oryzae pv. oryzae의 860bp와 X. oryzae pv. oryzicola의 890, 440 및 370bp의 이차산물에서 Xanthomonas species의 종내에서 균주에 관련없이 단일화된 다형성을 보였다. CXO 211을 제외한 모든 국내 균주는 a형에 속한 반면 하나의 국내 균주를 포함하여 4개 균주는 b형이었다. E. herbicola의 spacer 부위 증폭은 여러 개의 band를 보였으며, 증폭상은 각각 동일하였고, strain간의 종내 변이는 없었다. 본 실험 결과에 의하여 16S와 23S rDNAdp R16-1과 R23-2R primer를 이용하여 PCR 증폭된 spacer 다형성의 구별은 종자전염성 세균의 신속한 구별에 이용될 수 있을것이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.236-241
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• 2000

A selective agar medium was developed and tested for the isolation of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, the causal bacterial pathogen of bacterial brown stripe, from rice seeds. The new selective agar medium, designated sorbitol pyroglutamic acid agar (SPA) medium, contained 0.5 g of $K_2$HPO$_4$, 3.0 g of Na$_2$HPO$_4$, 2.0 g of D-sorbitol, 0.2 g of L-pyroglutamic acid, 10.0 $m\ell$ of tween 80, 40.0 mg of victoria blue B, 15.0 g of agar, 150.0 mg of ampicillin and 25.0 mg of vancomycin per litter. Colonies of A. avenae subsp. avenae on SPA medium were smooth, round, convex, shiny, blue and 1.5-2.0 mm in diameter 4 days after incubation at 28$^{\circ}C$. Blue colored colony having dark blue zone was typical type of A. avenae subsp. avenae colonies on the medium. Mean recovery of 8 isolates of A. avenae subsp. avenae on the selective SPA medium was 95.8% in comparison to that on KB medium. The saprophytic bacteria were reduced to 97.9% on SPA medium compared to those on KB medium. Most of other rice seedborne bacteria as well as reported pathogenic bacteria were failed to grow on SPA medium. This medium was highly selective for recovering A. avenae subsp. avenae from rice seed samples, and it could be used to enhance the recovery of this bacterium from rice seed samples, which may be contaminated with large numbers of competing microorganisms.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 1999

Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae is the causal pathogen of several hosts including oats corn foxtail millet wheatgrass sugarcane and rice. The pathogen is a seedborne pathogen of rice and known to occur widely in rice growing countries. The pathogen cause inhibition of germination brown stripe on the leaf curling of the leaf sheath and abnormal elongation of the mesocotyl of irce. Bacterial colonies grow slowly and are convex circular and creamy with tan to brown center. The causal baterium is Gram-negative and rod shape with a single polar flagellum Nonfluorescence poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate accumulation and precipitate formation around the colony on the medium are useful in the differentiation of this bacterium from other subspecies of A. avenae as well as nonfluorescent bacteria pathogenic to rice. This bacterium has belonged to the genus of Psdeudomonas but recently was transferred to the new genus Acidovorax on the basis of bacteriological and molecular biological data. However the difference of biochemical characteristics protein profile of the cell and host range among strains should be more clarified. To develop an effective control strategy for this disease understanding of detailed life cycle of the disease ritical environmental factors affecting disease development on each host and relationship to grain discoloration of rice are prerequisite. Although the affected area has been world-widely reported there is on recent progress on the understanding of the bacteriological and ecological characteristics of the causal bacterium and control means of the disease.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.575-579
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• 2016

Burkholderia glumae (bacterial grain rot), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (bacterial leaf blight), and Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae (bacterial brown stripe) are major seedborne pathogens of rice. Based on the 16S and 23S rDNA sequences for A. avenae subsp. avenae and B. glumae, and transposase A gene sequence for X. oryzae pv. oryzae, three sets of primers had been designed to produce 402 bp for B. glumae, 490 bp for X. oryzae, and 290 bp for A. avenae subsp. avenae with the $63^{\circ}C$ as an optimum annealing temperature. Samples collected from naturally infected fields were detected with two bacteria, B. glumae and A. avenae subsp. avenae but X. oryzae pv. oryzae was not detected. This assay can be used to identify pathogens directly from infected seeds, and will be an effective tool for the identification of the three pathogens in rice plants.