• Title/Summary/Keyword: risk factor

Search Result 4,844, Processing Time 0.034 seconds

A Study on Incidence of Risk Factor for Assessing Maritime Traffic Risk

  • Kim, Inchul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
    • /
    • v.23 no.3
    • /
    • pp.217-223
    • /
    • 2017
  • In order to assess risk as a basic step for securing safety, it requires to select risk factors and determine the frequency and the severity of the consequence of each risk factor. This research adopted common risk factors among well-known maritime risk assessment models, and proposed objective criteria to gauge the risk level of each risk factor. The starting points of risk evolution were chosen for criteria according to related studies and seafarers' experience. The rate of risk appearance over the criteria is named as the incidence of risk factor. Therefore, the total risk level is expressed as the combination of incidence of each risk factor and severity. This quantitative method would be applied to measuring and comparing the risk level of target maritime zones, and it would also be useful to survey which risk factor be focused for reducing the total risk of a certain maritime zone.

The Relationship between Default Risk and Asset Pricing: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

  • KHAN, Usama Ehsan;IQBAL, Javed
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • v.8 no.3
    • /
    • pp.717-729
    • /
    • 2021
  • This paper examines the efficacy of the default risk factor in an emerging market context using the Fama-French five-factor model. Our aim is to test whether the Fama-French five-factor model augmented with a default risk factor improves the predictability of returns of portfolios sorted on the firm's characteristics as well as on industry. The default risk factor is constructed by estimating the probability of default using a hybrid version of dynamic panel probit and artificial neural network (ANN) to proxy default risk. This study also provides evidence on the temporal stability of risk premiums obtained using the Fama-MacBeth approach. Using a sample of 3,806 firm-year observations on non-financial listed companies of Pakistan over 2006-2015 we found that the augmented model performed better when tested across size-investment-default sorted portfolios. The investment factor contains some default-related information, but default risk is independently priced and bears a significantly positive risk premium. The risk premiums are also found temporally stable over the full sample and more recent sample period 2010-2015 as evidence by the Fama-MacBeth regressions. The finding suggests that the default risk factor is not a useless factor and due to mispricing, default risk anomaly prevails in the Pakistani equity market.

Idiosyncratic Volatility, Conditional Liquidity, and Cross-section of Stock Returns in Korea (고유변동성, 조건부 유동성, 그리고 주식수익률의 횡단면에 관한 연구)

  • Yun, Sang-Yong;Cho, Seong-Soon;Park, Soon-hong
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
    • /
    • v.12 no.1
    • /
    • pp.121-134
    • /
    • 2021
  • Purpose - This study examines whether flight-to-liquidity (FTL) explains the dynamic liquidity risk on stock returns, and whether it has a significant influence on determinants the cross-section of stock returns. Design/methodology/approach - This study suggests a new risk factor, dynamic liquidity hedge portfolio (DLP), to reflect the dynamic impact of liquidity risk on stock returns and the Fama-MacBeth 2 stage regression analysis is employed in order to analyze the data. Findings - First, the DLP factor shows more positive and significant beta for the small or illiquidity stocks. Second, the DLP shows a different influence than SMB (size risk factor), HML (value risk factor), NMP (liquidity risk factor), FTVOL (total volatility factor) in determining the cross-section of stock returns. In addition, the DLP has a statistically significant risk premium of around 5%, which is relatively larger than other risk factors. Research implications or Originality - This study has academic value in terms of newly confirming that the DLP factor has a more significant impact on cross-sectional determination of stock returns than other risk factors by proposing a conditional liquidity factor that can explain the FTL phenomenon.

An Analysis on Structure of Risk Factor for Maritime Terrorism using FSM and AHP (해상테러 위험요소의 구조와 우선순위 분석)

  • Jang Woon-Jae;Keum Jong-Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
    • /
    • 2004.11a
    • /
    • pp.343-348
    • /
    • 2004
  • Since the destruction of World Trade Center the attention of the united States and the wider international community has focussed upon the need to strengthen security and prevent terrorism. This paper suggests an analysis prior to risk factor and structure for anti-terrorism in the korean maritime society. For this, in this paper, maritime terror risk factor was extracted by type and case of terror using brainstorming method. Also, risk factor is structured by FSM method and analyzed for ranking of each risk factor by AHP. At the result, the evaluation of risk factor is especially over maximum factor for related external impact.

  • PDF

An Analysis on Structure of Risk Factor for Maritime Terror using FSM and AHP (해상테러 위험요소의 구조와 우선순위 분석)

  • Jang Woon-Jae;Yang Won-Jae;Keum Jong-Soo
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
    • /
    • v.29 no.6 s.102
    • /
    • pp.487-493
    • /
    • 2005
  • Since the destruction of World Trade Center the attention of the United States and the wider international community has focussed upon the need to strengthen security and prevent terrorism This paper suggests an analysis prior to risk factor and structure for anti-terrorism in the korean maritime society. For this, in this paper, maritime terror risk factor was extracted by type and case of terror using brainstorming method. Also, risk factor is structured by FSM method and analyzed for ranking of each risk factor by AHP. At the result, the evaluation of risk factor is especially over maximum factor for related external impact.

The effect of clothing involvement and risk preception of internet fashion consumers on the risk reduction behavior (인터넷 패션 소비자의 의복관여도와 위험지각이 위험감소행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Lim, Kyung-Bock
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
    • /
    • v.21 no.1
    • /
    • pp.73-85
    • /
    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to discover the effects of clothing involvement and risk perception, which can influence risk reduction behavior. The subjects of this study were young male consumers living in Seoul and Kyunggi-do who had purchased fashion products from an Internet shopping mall. Questionnaires were collected from July 1, 2018 to July 8, 2018 and 300 questionnaires were used in the data analysis. The data was analyzed utilizing a factor analysis, a regression, ANOVA and a Duncan-test. The results of this study were as follows. Clothing involvement factors influenced various risk perceptions and risk perception influenced risk reduction behaviors. Among the various risk perception factors, psychological risk was the most important factor, which was influenced by clothing involvement factors. The usage of media was the most important factor, which was influenced by various risk perception factors. Finally clothing involvement and risk perception influenced risk reduction behaviors. Among the various risk reduction factors, the usage of media was the most important factor, which was influenced by clothing involvement and risk perception factors.

Comparison of ASCUS and Human Papilloma Virus (미확정 편평상피세포와 인체 유두종바이러스와의 비교)

  • Park, Mi-Soon;Chang, Byoung-Soo
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
    • /
    • v.13 no.8
    • /
    • pp.308-313
    • /
    • 2013
  • Among 179 specimen diagnosed with ASCUS but did not go through biopsy or other tests, 26 cases (14.52%) showed positivity in HPV Hybrid Capture II Test. There were 25 cases of HPV high risk factor(+), marking 13.96%, and 3 cases of low risk factor(+) at 1.67%. According to cytology manifestation, patients with over LSIL can increase their complete recovery rate with continuous tests, but most patients diagnosed ASCUS do not go through any tests at all. It is considered that in order to prevent and start early treatment on cervical cancer, the HPV Hybrid Capture II Test must be enforced to patients diagnosed with ASCUS. Negative patients should go through routine screening, and positive patients should receive treatment after colposcopy.

Adolescent Smoking Behaviors and the Related Risk Factors in Korea: A Descriptive Literature Review

  • Moon In-Ok
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
    • /
    • v.21 no.4
    • /
    • pp.1-13
    • /
    • 2004
  • This study conducted descriptive literature review on adolescent smoking and the related factors to realize significance of adolescent smoking onset in Korea and to identify risk factors of smoking incidence. Korean adolescent smoking status was generated based on the cumulated data of the Korean Association of Smoking and Health. Risk factors of adolescent smoking were identified based on 18 studies written in English, with cross-sectional research design and published as a peer-reviewed journal article between 1994 and 2003. The results were as follows. 1. Korean adolescent smoking rate was the highest among OECD affiliated countries; in particular, male adolescent smoking incidence was very serious. 2. Risk factors related to smoking of adolescent population were personal factor, friend factor, family factor, and mass-media factor. Demographic characteristics, attitudes on smoking, and willingness of smoking, and health behaviors were selected as personal factor of smoking. 3. Best friends smoking was a strong factor of students' smoking set. Prevalent popularity of smoking in peer-group allowed students to feel free to smoking. 4. Concerning family factor related to smoking status, parents' smoking and sibling's smoking were significant indicators of adolescent smoking status. 5. Seeing smoking behaviors and scenes through films, TV shows, drama, and advertisement was a significant risk factor of adolescent smoking status.

Ergonomics Risk-Assessment Methods in Shipbuilding: Application of OWAS Considering Work load and Frequency for Risk Factor Analysis of WMSDs

  • Lee, Jun-Youb;Seo, Hyun-Soo
    • Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
    • /
    • v.31 no.1
    • /
    • pp.185-189
    • /
    • 2012
  • Objective: The aim of this paper is to introduces Hyundai Heavy Industry's ergonomic risk assessment tool, H-OWAS, which is considering work load and frequency compared to the OWAS. Background: As prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in ship building industries has been much higher than that in other industries, most of the large scaled corporations have implemented their own prevention program since legislation on the prevention of WMSDs had introduced in 2003. Method: This paper introduces WMSDs prevention program, HEMP(HHI Ergonomics Management Program) which consists of risk assessment, improvement efforts of working environments, medical treatment and training/evaluation and describes how to operate the program. We also describe application of OWAS method considering work load and frequency for risk factor analysis(H-OWAS) and shows methodology for assessing the ergonomic risk factor. And comparison of the assessment results between OWAS and H-OWAS is carried out by statistical analysis. Result: There was statistically significant difference in the assessment results between OWAS and H-OWAS, and regression shows H-OWAS explains the borg's scale of perceived exertion more clearly than OWAS. Conclusion: H-OWAS has been proved more effective tool than OWAS to evaluate ergonomic risk factor under real working condition. Application: H-OWAS can be widely applied to the many other companies when implementing the ergonomics risk assessment.

Korean Housing Cycle: Implications for Risk Management (Factor-augmented VAR Approach)

  • KWON, HYUCK-SHIN;BANG, DOO WON;KIM, MYEONG HYEON
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
    • /
    • v.39 no.3
    • /
    • pp.43-62
    • /
    • 2017
  • This paper proposes an integrated risk-management framework that includes 1) measuring the risk of credit portfolios, 2) implementing a (macro) stress test, and 3) setting risk limits using the estimated systematic latent factor specific to capture the housing market cycle. To this end, we extract information from a set of real-estate market variables based on the FAVAR methodology proposed by Bernanke, Boivin and Eliasz (2005). Then, we show the method by which the estimated systematic factor is applied to risk management in the housing market in an integrated manner within the Vasicek one-factor credit model. The proposed methodology is well fitted to analyze the risk of slow-moving and low-defaultable forms of capital, such as alternative investments.