• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2021

Human Sapovirus (HuSaV) is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis in humans, and it is used as a molecular diagnostic technique based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from humans, food, shellfish, and aquatic environments. In this study, the HuSaV diagnosis technique was used in an aquatic environment where a number of PCR inhibitors are included and pathogens, such as viruses, are estimated to exist at low concentration levels. HuSaV-specific primers are improved to detect 38 strains registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The established optimal condition and the composition, including the RT-nested PCR primers and SL® Non-specific reaction inhibitor, were found to have 100 times higher sensitivity based on HuSaV plasmid than the previously reported methods (100 ag based on HuSaV plasmid 1 ng/μL). Through an artificial infection test, the developed method was able to detect at least 1 fg/μL of HuSaV plasmid contaminated with total nucleic acid extracted from groundwater. In addition, RT-nested PCR primer sets for HuSaV detection can react, and a positive control is developed to verify false positives. This study is expected to be used as a HuSaV monitoring method in the future and applied to the safety response to HuSaV from water environments.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2020

The zoonotic transmission of viral diseases to humans is a serious public health concern. Pigs are frequently a major reservoir for several zoonotic viral diseases. Therefore, periodic surveillance is needed to determine the infection rates of zoonotic diseases in domestic pigs. Hepatitis E virus (HEV), rotavirus, sapovirus (SaV), and norovirus (NoV) are potential zoonotic viruses. In this study, 296 fecal samples were collected from weaned piglets and growing pigs in 13 swine farms, and the viral RNA was extracted. Partial viral genomes were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or nested-PCR using virus-specific primer sets under different PCR conditions. HEV-3, rotavirus A, and SaV genogoup 3 were detected from 11.5, 2.7, and 3.0% of the samples, respectively. On the other hand, NoV was not detected in any of the samples. Genetic analysis indicated that the nucleotide sequences of swine HEV-3 and rotavirus A detected in this study were closely related to those of human isolates. However, swine SaV was distant from the human strains. These results suggest that HEV-3 and rotavirus A can be transmitted from pigs to humans. Therefore, strict preventive measures should be implemented by workers in the swine industry to prevent infections with HEV-3 and rotavirus A excreted from pigs.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2013

Purpose: To detect major acute gastroenteritis virus (rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, and enteric adenovirus) and non-enteric type of adenovirus (AdV) in the stools of intussusception patients and to investigate the clinical role of detected viruses. Methods: From March 2012 to February 2013, major acute gastroenteritis virus and non-enteric type of AdV were isolated from stool samples that collected from 44 patients treated for intussusception in Chungnam National University Hospital. Patients were divided according to age and isolated virus. Results: Virus was detected in 28 (63%) stool specimens. The virus detection rate was significantly lower in patients aged under 12 months (p = 0.04). Twenty-two patients (78.6%) had non-enteric adenovirus, 4 (14.3%) had norovirus, 1 (3.6%) had sapovirus, and 1 (3.6%) had astrovirus. AdV subgroup C (AdV 1, 2, 5, and 6) comprised the majority with 20 cases (90.9%). A monthly increment-and-decrement pattern of intussusception was similar to that of viral detection in the stool samples. Enema reductions were successful in 39 patients and surgical manual reductions were performed in 5 patients. Virus was detected in 24 patients (61.5%) of enema reduction group and 4 patients (80.0%) of surgical manual reduction group. All of the detected viruses were non-enteric adenovirus subgroup C (AdV 1, 5, and 6) in surgical reduction patients. Conclusions: The virus detection rate was high in the stools of intussusception patients. The pattern of seasonal intussusception occurrence rate was parallel with seasonal these viral detection rate in the stool samples. These findings suggest that viral infection plays an important role in the development of intussusception and further research is warranted.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2014

목적: 급성 위장관염으로 입원한 소아 환자들의 중증도를 여러 척도로 평가하여 각 척도간의 차이를 비교하고, 원인 바이러스가 밝혀진 예를 따로 분류하여 원인 병원체에 따른 임상양상 및 중증도의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 전향적으로 전국 8개 지역 9개 의료기관의 소아청소년과에 급성 위장관염으로 진단받아 입원한 5세 미만의 환자를 대상으로 Vesikari 척도, Clark 척도, 수정 Flores 척도로 중증도를 평가하였다. 연구군으로부터 수집된 분변 검체로 로타바이러스, 장 아데노바이러스는 효소면역법으로, 노로바이러스, 아스트로바이러스, 사포바이러스는 RT-PCR 방법으로 검출하였다. 결과: 최종 연구 대상군은 총 214례로 남녀비는 1.58:1이고, 연령층은 6개월 미만이 35명(16.4%), 6-23개월이 105명(49.1%), 24-59개월이 74명(34.5%)이었다. Vesikari 척도와 Clark 척도간 일치율은 0.521 (P<0.001)이고, '중증'인 경우가 Vesikari 척도는 60.7%, Clark 척도는 2.3%로 Clark 척도가 '중증' 평가에 더욱 엄격하였다. 결론: 급성 위장관염의 중증도를 평가하는 각 척도들간에는 차이가 있었다. 각 연구자들의 결과를 객관적으로 비교하기 위해서는 척도를 하나로 통일하거나 각 척도들의 평가기준을 모두 조사하여 각 척도의 중증도를 동시에 얻는 것이 필요하다.