• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine the clustering patterns and correlates of multiple health behaviors (MHBs) in middle-aged Koreans with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, health behaviors (vegetable intake, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption), and psychological characteristics were collected by a self-reported survey and medical examination from 331 individuals with MetS. Clustering of MHBs was examined by measuring 1) the ratios of observed and expected prevalence of MHBs, and 2) the prevalence odds ratios. A binomial logistic regression were conducted. Results: Men were more likely than women to engage in multiple unhealthy behaviors. Clustering of smoking and heavy drinking was exhibited in the participants. Women with high vegetable intake were more likely to be physically inactive, and those with inadequate vegetable intake were more likely to be physically active. Those with lower self-regulation were more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors. Conclusions: The findings support the multiple health behavior approach as opposed to the individual health behavior approach. Emphasis of self-regulation is necessary in developing multiple behavior intervention for individuals with MetS.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.281-292
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• 1999

This study was designed to construct a model that predicts the health promoting behavior of the Korean elderly. Data were collected by self-reported questionaires from 254 Korean elderly in seoul, from June 1 to July 15, 1998. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and correlational analysis using pc-SAS program. The Linear Structural Modeling(LISREL) 8.0 program was used to find the best fit model which predicts causal relationships of variables. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate［X$^2$＝249.83(df＝83, p＝.00), RMR＝.07, GFI＝.90, NNFI＝.92, NFI ＝.91］. The predictable variables of health promoting behavior of the Korean elderly were social activity. social support. self-integrity and helplessness except the perceived health status. These variables explained 17.1% of health promoting behavior of the Korean elderly.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.128-140
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a self-transcendence enhancement program and examine its effect on self-transcendence, spiritual well-being, and psychological well-being in elderly women who live alone. Methods: A self-transcendence enhancement program was developed through theory, literature review, and in-depth interviews. The theoretical framework came from the Psychoeducational Approach to Transcendence and Health intervention model based on Reed's middle-range theory of self-transcendence. The program consisted of multiple modalities in a structured, theory-based program lasting for eight weekly sessions. Using a single-group pretest-posttest design, the program was tested on a group of 40 elderly women aged 75 to 84 years living alone in Daejeon, Korea. Participants completed self-reported study questionnaires before and after the program at the elderly welfare center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, with significance level set at .05. Paired t-test was used to compare mean differences before and after the program. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 79.1 years. After completing the program, the participants showed higher levels of self-transcendence (t=8.78, p<.001), overall spiritual well-being (t=8.30, p=.002), religious spiritual well-being (t=1.79, p=.040), existential spiritual well-being (t=6.75, p=.002), and positive affect (t=3.77, p=.001) than they did before the program. They also reported lower levels of depression (t=-7.59, p<.001) and negative affect (t=-6.15, p<.001). Conclusion: The self-transcendence enhancement program developed in this study may be effective for improving the level of self-transcendence in elderly women living alone and helping them to attain spiritual and psychological well-being.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.723-732
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of diet related factors, such as diet behaviors, food intake, and nutrient intakes, on self-rated health (SRH). Also, in order to determine fitness of classification for SRH reflecting diet related factors, this study surveyed older adults in Gyeongnam province. A total of 101 responses were collected using the interview survey method. The self- rated health of rural older adults was poor as reported by 49.5%. The level of self-rated health was found to be related to the frequencies of coffee and snack, use of sugar and vegetable in diet, the amount of total food intake, and cholesterol intake. The result of discriminant analysis, which was conducted to assess the adequacy of SRH classification and to determine the class of observation, showed frequency of coffee and use of vegetable in diet among 47 variables as predictive variables for explaining SRH. The fitness of self-rated health function was high to 47.7%. Therefore, diet-related factors were ascertained to be important variables to predict SRH.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to understand health-promoting behavior of client visiting health-promoting center, to identify the major subscales affecting performance in health promoting behavior to facilitate nursing intervention for health promoting of this population and to test Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects for this study were 177 sampled among clients from health-promoting center in General Hospital at Teajon. Data was collected by self-reported questionnaires from February 11 to May 22, 1998. Analysis of the data was done by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise multiple regrssion using SPSS-PC. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of performance in the health-promoting behavior was 109.22 and range was 71 to 170. The subscale of the highest mean score was self-actualization(30.77) and the subscale of the lowest mean score was exercise(10.50). 2. The most important variable in the health promoting behavior was the perceived self-efficacy. The perceived self-efficacy explained 15.8% of the variance in health promoting behavior. The combination of perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers, religion, perceived benefits, perceived symptom, and age explained 43.5% of the variance in health promoting behavior. 3. In the relationships between individual characteristics and experience and health promoting behavior, age, religion, the significant differences in the subscale of the health promoting behavior ; sex, educational state, previous occupation, monthly income, marrital state, perceived symptom, and visiting plan of health-promoting center. 4. The health promoting behavior was statistically significant correlated with perceived benefits, perceived barriers, affect related to action, and perceived self-efficacy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.361-368
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to explore dimensions in addition to the 5 dimensions of the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) that could satisfactorily explain variation in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the general population of South Korea. Methods: Domains related to HRQoL were searched through a review of existing HRQoL instruments. Among the 28 potential dimensions, the 5 dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L and 7 additional dimensions (vision, hearing, communication, cognitive function, social relationships, vitality, and sleep) were included. A representative sample of 600 subjects was selected for the survey, which was administered through face-to-face interviews. Subjects were asked to report problems in 12 health dimensions at 5 levels, as well as their self-rated health status using the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and a 5-point Likert scale. Among subjects who reported no problems for any of the parameters in the EQ-5D-5L, we analyzed the frequencies of problems in the additional dimensions. A linear regression model with the EQ-VAS as the dependent variable was performed to identify additional significant dimensions. Results: Among respondents who reported full health on the EQ-5D-5L (n=365), 32% reported a problem for at least 1 additional dimension, and 14% reported worse than moderate self-rated health. Regression analysis revealed a $R^2$ of 0.228 for the original EQ-5D-5L dimensions, 0.200 for the new dimensions, and 0.263 for the 12 dimensions together. Among the added dimensions, vitality and sleep were significantly associated with EQ-VAS scores. Conclusions: This study identified significant dimensions for assessing self-rated health among members of the general public, in addition to the 5 dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L. These dimensions could be considered for inclusion in a new preference-based instrument or for developing a country-specific HRQoL instrument.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.259-263
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to assess the characteristics of self-reported symptoms of workers in office building with HVAC system, and also to provide better workplaces in terms of comfort and health. The methods employed in this study include literature review, field observations, and survey. The self-reported symptoms of workers such as headache, fatigue, itching and dryness regarded as SBS symptoms commonly occur after around 3:00 pm and are relieved after leaving their office buildings. according to results in previous studies, above are possibly related to CO2 concentrations. It is also found work environment factors and the satisfaction on indoor environment are all associated with worker's health. Hopefully, this overview of current work environments concerning the level of satisfaction and health problems of workers would help create healthier indoor environment.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-87
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of constipation, related factors of constipation of female high school students. Methods: The study subjects were 322 students of Y high schools located in a Suwon city, who were selected by the accidental sampling from November 2009. We analyzed the data by frequency analysis, Chi-square test, Logistic regression analysis using SPSS ver.12.0. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows: A prevalence rate of self-reported constipation was 55.3%. From the Logistic analysis by self-reported method, leading causes of constipation on the students were drinking beverage, the less frequency of having meals, irregular time of having meals, not eating breakfast, insufficient exercise and not evacuating the bowels regularly. Conclusions: Based on these results, intervention to increase the amount of beverage constipation, intake of vegetable, regularity of taking meals, stress management should be provided to prevent the constipation.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.312-321
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• 2014

Background: To evaluate the quality of chronic care provided by public health centers located in a South Korean metropolitan city using a modified Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC). Methods: We conducted self-evaluation surveys and collected data using a modified ACIC from twenty five public health centers. Cultural validity of the original ACIC was examined by the public health and nursing science experts. Based on expert reviews, cognitive interviews, pre-test results, five items of the original ACIC that were not relevant were deleted. The response scale was changed from twelve-point Likert scale to Guttman scale but its scoring system was maintained. Results: Eighty eight percent of public health centers in this study reported that their overall quality of chronic care was at a limited or basic level. About 68% of the centers reported that the organization was as reasonably good or fully developed to provide chronic care. On the other hand, 96% of the public health centers reported that the clinical information system was at a very limited or basic support level. The decision support, the integration of Chronic Care Model components, the delivery system design, the community linkages, and the self-management support were evaluated as limited or basic level of support by more than half of the public health centers, respectively. Conclusion: In a metropolitan area of South Korea, quality of chronic care in public health centers was not found to reach acceptable levels of services. It is critical to enhance the quality of chronic care in public health centers.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to research the distorted self-perception of body image held by many college students. Method: The subjects in this study consisted of 189 female college students and 125 male college students. The data were obtained through self-reported questionnaires completed by the students between April 1 and April 10, 2005. The data were analyzed by frequency and a $x^2$-test in the SPSS/pc 10.0 statistical program. Result: While female students tend to perceive themselves as being more overweight than they actually are according to their BMI scores, male students consider themselves to be thinner than they actually are according their BMI scores. Conclusion: Many female and male college students have a distorted self-perception of body weight. These findings indicate that health care providers need to do a better job of educating college students about normal body weight.