• Title/Summary/Keyword: self-reported health

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Does Non-standard Work Affect Health? (비정규직 근로가 건강에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Il-Ho;Paek, Do-Myung;Cho, Sung-Il
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.337-344
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    • 2005
  • Objectives : Job insecurity, such as non-standard work, is reported to have an adverse impact on health, regardless of health behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between non-standard employment and health in Korea. Methods : We analyzed a representative weighted sample, which consisted of 2,112 men and 1,237 women, aged 15-64, from the 1998 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Non-standard employment included part-time permanent, short time temporary and daily workers. Self-reported health was used as a health indicator. Results : This study indicated that women were more likely to report poorer health than men with standard jobs. Of all employees, 20.3% were female manual workers. After adjusting for potential confounders, such as age, education, equivalent income, marital, social and self-reported economic status and health behavior factors, nonstandard employment was found to be significantly associated with poor health among female manual workers (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.79). No significant association was found in other working groups Conclusions : Among female manual workers, nonstandard employees reported significantly poorer health compared with standard workers. This result raises concern as there are increasing numbers of non-standard workers, particularly females.

Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure via Public Drinking Water Pipes Using Geographic Information Systems

  • Vieira, Veronica;Hoffman, Kate;Fletcher, Tony
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.28
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    • pp.9.1-9.5
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    • 2013
  • Objectives Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a powerful tool for assessing exposure in epidemiologic studies. We used GIS to determine the geographic extent of contamination by perfluorooctanoic acid, C8 (PFOA) that was released into the environment from the DuPont Washington Works Facility located in Parkersburg, West Virginia. Methods Paper maps of pipe distribution networks were provided by six local public water districts participating in the community cross-sectional survey, the C8 Health Project. Residential histories were also collected in the survey and geocoded. We integrated the pipe networks and geocoded addresses to determine which addresses were serviced by one of the participating water districts. The GIS-based water district assignment was then compared to the participants' self-reported source of public drinking water. Results There were a total of 151,871 addresses provided by the 48,800 participants of the C8 Health Project that consented to geocoding. We were able to successfully geocode 139,067 (91.6%) addresses, and of these, 118,209 (85.0%) self-reported water sources were confirmed using the GIS-based method of water district assignment. Furthermore, the GIS-based method corrected 20,858 (15.0%) self-reported public drinking water sources. Over half (54%) the participants in the lowest GIS-based exposure group self-reported being in a higher exposed water district. Conclusions Not only were we able to correct erroneous self-reported water sources, we were also able to assign water districts to participants with unknown sources. Without the GIS-based method, the reliance on only self-reported data would have resulted in exposure misclassification.

Agent Orange Exposure and Prevalence of Self-reported Diseases in Korean Vietnam Veterans

  • Yi, Sang-Wook;Ohrr, Heechoul;Hong, Jae-Seok;Yi, Jee-Jeon
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.213-225
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Agent Orange exposure and self-reported diseases in Korean Vietnam veterans. Methods: A postal survey of 114 562 Vietnam veterans was conducted. The perceived exposure to Agent Orange was assessed by a 6-item questionnaire. Two proximity-based Agent Orange exposure indices were constructed using division/brigade-level and battalion/ company-level unit information. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for age and other confounders were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of all self-reported diseases showed monotonically increasing trends as the levels of perceived self-reported exposure increased. The ORs for colon cancer (OR, 1.13), leukemia (OR, 1.56), hypertension (OR, 1.03), peripheral vasculopathy (OR, 1.07), enterocolitis (OR, 1.07), peripheral neuropathy (OR, 1.07), multiple nerve palsy (OR, 1.14), multiple sclerosis (OR, 1.24), skin diseases (OR, 1.05), psychotic diseases (OR, 1.07) and lipidemia (OR, 1.05) were significantly elevated for the high exposure group in the division/brigade-level proximity-based exposure analysis, compared to the low exposure group. The ORs for cerebral infarction (OR, 1.08), chronic bronchitis (OR, 1.05), multiple nerve palsy (OR, 1.07), multiple sclerosis (OR, 1.16), skin diseases (OR, 1.05), and lipidemia (OR, 1.05) were significantly elevated for the high exposure group in the battalion/company-level analysis. Conclusions: Korean Vietnam veterans with high exposure to Agent Orange experienced a higher prevalence of several self-reported chronic diseases compared to those with low exposure by proximity-based exposure assessment. The strong positive associations between perceived self-reported exposure and all self-reported diseases should be evaluated with discretion because the likelihood of reporting diseases was directly related to the perceived intensity of Agent Orange exposure.

A study of the psychosomatic self-reported symptom factors affecting health-related quality of life(HRQOL) among the dental technicians (치과기공사의 건강관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 심신 자각증상 요인에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Soon-Suk;Baek, Seoung-Hak
    • Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.79-92
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study is to present substantial data for the development of practicable health related programs with which the dental technicians can enjoy better quality of life. To this end, we have surveyed the self-reported psychosomatic symptoms of the dental technicians in Korea and figured out their current health problems. Methods: Out of the random selection of the registered dental offices of Dental Technicians in Korea, 2,000 working dental technicians were asked to fill out the questionnaire from January 19 to April 30, 2009. We collected the 1,525 sheets of the questionnaire and took frequency analysis, t-test, analysis of variance and structural equation modeling using SPSS Win 12.0 and AMOS program. Results: Concerning the modes of the subjects' appealing of their psychosomatic self-symptoms, scale point of the mental health turned out 18.68, which is higher than the physical health that scored 17.28. In the case of the results from the standardized scores of the sub items, scale point of aggressiveness scored the highest(20.14), whereas that of mouth and annus scored the lowest (15.29). Additionally, the overall satisfaction rates of the health related quality of life was 67.89. Regarding the health related quality of life, self reported mental symptoms(-.736) was more influential than physical symptoms(0.29). Conclusion: The psychosomatic self reported symptoms of the dental technicians proved higher than other occupations, whereas health related quality of life was very low. Consequently, it seems vital to lessen the mental symptoms and the sub items concerned.

Validity of Self-reported Hypertension and Factors Related to Discordance Between Self-reported and Objectively Measured Hypertension: Evidence From a Cohort Study in Iran

  • Najafi, Farid;Pasdar, Yahya;Shakiba, Ebrahim;Hamzeh, Behrooz;Darbandi, Mitra;Moradinazar, Mehdi;Navabi, Jafar;Anvari, Bita;Saidi, Mohammad Reza;Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.131-139
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: Self-reporting can be used to determine the incidence and prevalence of hypertension (HTN). The present study was conducted to determine the validity of self-reported HTN and to identify factors affecting discordance between self-reported and objectively measured HTN in participants in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort. Methods: The RaNCD cohort included permanent residents of Ravansar, Iran aged 35-65 years. Self-reported data were collected before clinical examinations were conducted by well-trained staff members. The gold standard for HTN was anti-hypertensive medication use and blood pressure measurements. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of self-reporting were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the discordance between self-reported HTN and the gold standard. Results: Of the 10 065 participants in the RaNCD, 4755 (47.4%) were male. The prevalence of HTN was 16.8% based on self-reporting and 15.7% based on medical history and HTN measurements. Of the participants with HTN, 297 (18.8%) had no knowledge of their disease, and 313 (19.9%) had not properly controlled their HTN despite receiving treatment. The sensitivity, specificity, and kappa for self-reported HTN were 75.5%, 96.4%, and 73.4%, respectively. False positives became more likely with age, body mass index (BMI), low socioeconomic status, and female sex, whereas false negatives became more likely with age, BMI, high socioeconomic status, smoking, and urban residency. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of self-reported HTN were acceptable, suggesting that this method can be used for public health initiatives in the absence of countrywide HTN control and detection programs.

The Relationship of Social Class and Health Behaviors with Morbidity in Korea (사회계급과 건강행위가 유병률에 미치는 영향)

  • Son, Mi-A
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.57-64
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    • 2002
  • Objective : To explore the relationship of social class and health behaviors with self-reported morbidity. Methods : The 1995 General Household Survey in Korea was used to investigate self-reported morbidity. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship of social class and health behaviors with self-reported chronic disease and perceived general health. Results : For chronic disease and general perceived health, age adjusted odds ratios were higher for manual workers, lower-educated group as well as those in the lower income group; this held true for both men and women. Health behaviours had little effect or the relationship between social class and morbidity. The relationship between health behaviors and morbidity was very weak. The lower social class expressed higher levels of negative health behaviors, although this relationship appeared to be very weak in Korea. Conclusions : This study suggests that an understanding of health differentials that addresses the issue of social inequalities in Korea is required.

Health-related lifestyle and self-reported symptoms in dental hygiene students (일부 치위생과 학생의 건강관련 생활습관과 자각증상)

  • Kwon, Soon-Suk;Han, Su-Jin
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.485-493
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : The study investigated and analyzed the relationship between health-related lifestyle and psychosomatic self-reported symptom in dental hygiene students. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 478 dental hygiene students in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do from March 7 to June 21, 2012 by random sampling method after informed consent. Results : The health-related lifestyle showed the results as follows. Nonsmokers accounted for 89.1%. Those who never exercise accounted for 67.9% and 37.9% of the students sleep for 5-6 hours. Those who take alcohols twice per month accounted for 58.2%. The correlation between the symptoms and lifestyle included multiple subjective symptoms(I), respiratory(A), eyes and skin(B) and digestive organs(C) symptoms and smoking status(p<.01), mouth and anal(D), depression(K), nervousness(E). There existed the correlation in average sleeping time(p<.01) and impulsivess(H) and smoking status(p<.05) and lie scale(L) and regular exercise(p<.05) and aggressiveness(F) and drinking habits and irregular and life(G) and breakfast habits. The smoking habit, sleeping time, and snack intake had an influence on psychosomatic self-reported oral health-related symptoms. Conclusions : Cessation of smoking, adequate sleeping time, and reduction of snack intake can improve the oral health-related lifestyle and reduce the self-reported symptoms in the dental hygiene students.

Knowledge, Perceptions, and Self-reported Performance of Hand Hygiene Among Registered Nurses at Community-based Hospitals in the Republic of Korea: A Cross-sectional Multi-center Study

  • Oh, Hyang Soon
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.121-129
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: To assess the nurses' hand hygiene (HH) knowledge, perception, attitude, and self-reported performance in small- and medium-sized hospitals after Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. Methods: The structured questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization's survey. Data were collected between June 26 and July 14, 2017. Results: Nurses showed scores on knowledge ($17.6{\pm}2.5$), perception ($69.3{\pm}0.8$), self-reported HH performance of non-self ($86.0{\pm}11.0$), self-reported performance of self ($88.2{\pm}11.0$), and attitude ($50.5{\pm}5.5$). HH performance rate of non-self was $Y_1=36.678+0.555X_1$ (HH performance rate of self) (adjusted $R^2=0.280$, p<0.001). The regression model for performance was $Y_4=18.302+0.247X_{41}(peception)+0.232X_{42}(attitude)+0.875X_{42}(role model)$; coefficients were significant statistically except attitude, and this model significant statistically (adjusted $R^2=0.191$, p<0.001). Conclusions: Advanced HH education program would be developed and operated continuously. Perception, attitude, role model was found to be a significant predictors of HH performance of self. So these findings could be used in future HH promotion strategies for nurses.

Effects of Stretching Exercise Included Health Education on Physical Health Index, Self-reported Symptoms, and Self-efficacy of Exercise in Elderly (건강교육을 포함한 신장운동이 노인의 생리적인 지표와 자가증상 보고 및 운동 자기효능에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Kwuy-Bun;Han, Sang-Sook;Won, Jeoung-Sook;Kim, Won-Ok;Hyun, Kyung-Sun
    • Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 2004
  • This was one experimental study, conducted to identify the effects of stretching exercise included health education on physical health index, self-reported symptoms, and self-efficacy of exercise in Elderly. Subjects included 28 women elderly who were residents of H Dong, Dondae moon-Gu, Seoul. The treatment intervention was applied during total 8 weeks as 5 times/week for stretching exercise with 2 times/weeks for health education. Data collection were from February to April, 2004. SPSS Window program was used by aims of this study for data analysis. The results were as following: 1. 75 old age above (39.3%) was the most of age in subjects. None education (42.9%) was the most of subjects in this study. Perceived health state was the most as 71.4% in moderate and good health state. 2. Stretching exercise included health education, significantly effected on the total Cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (p=.009*; p=.043*; p=.006*). However, the body fat weight was no significantly on the effect of stretching exercise included health education (p=.991). Also, stretching exercise included health education, significantly effected on total self-reported symptoms (p=.001*) with joint pain, joint rigidity, fatigue, indigestion, elimination disorder, and sleep disturbance. However, indigestion (p=.129) was no significantly on the effect of stretching exercise included health education. Self efficacy of exercise (p=.000*) was significantly on the effect. As according to this results, physical health index (total Cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride) and self-reported symptoms (joint pain, joint rigidity, fatigue, elimination disorder, and sleep disturbance) were reduced through stretching exercise included health education. Self efficacy was improved by this exercise program. Therefore, it is confirmed that stretching exercise included health education is an effective nursing intervention for physical, mental, and psychological health management in elderly. Accordingly, authors are proposing that variously effective health management exercise programs must be developed for elderly, at the same time, the application and following up on the programs will be more important in the future.

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Self-Reported Quality of Life and Physical, Psychosocial Health State in Korean School-Age Children : Focus on Children with Chronic Diseases and Emotional-Behavioral Problems (학령기 아동의 신체적, 심리사회적 건강상태에 따른 주관적인 삶의 질과 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인 -만성질환과 정서행동문제를 가진 아동을 중심으로-)

  • Lee, Bo-Ram;Park, Hye-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.1-21
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was (1) to examine the impact of chronic diseases and emotional-behavioral problems on school-age children's self-perceived QOL, and (2) to investigate what factors were related to the QOL of children. Participants were 972 Korean 4th, 5th, & 6th grade students and 47 teachers. Children completed a questionnaire to evaluate their self-perceived well-being and subjective health. Also they reported their height/weight and physical health state indicating whether they have chronic diseases or not. Teachers reported each child's psychosocial health problems and also reported whether the child has chronic diseases or not. Major findings were as follows : 1. Physical and psychosocial health status had significant impact on school-age children's QOL. Moreover, physical and psychosocial health status were interrelated. 2. Presence of physical and psychosocial problems contributed to substantial declines in self-perceived QOL of school-age children. Children who have chronic diseases and emotional-behavioral problems reported significantly lower QOL compared with children in a normal state. 3. Peer relationship was found to be the significant factor that contribute to the QOL of all children.