• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.488-491
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• 2008

The variations of the TFT characteristics in AMOLEDs result in the decrease of the uniformity of the displays. Measurement of the long-range uniformity (LRU) is straightforward. However, there is no method for measuring the short-range uniformity (SRU) yet. Quantifying the SRU is important in evaluating various TFT backplanes and compensation circuits. We propose new methods for measuring SRU.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 넓은 조사 면적에 단거리 조사시에도 균일한 조명도 분포를 가지도록 하는 비대칭 배광의 조명 광학계에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 단거리에 설치되는 조명의 경우 조사 거리가 짧기 때문에 충분한 배광 분포 형성이 되지 못해 조명의 균일도를 만족하기 어렵다. 또한 시인성을 위해 조명기기가 기울어져 설치되기 때문에 비대칭 배광의 조명 설계가 요구된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 비대칭 배광을 가지는 조명 광학계 설계를 통해 근거리 조사 시에도 대상 표면에 균일한 조명도를 얻을 수 있었으며, 이를 근거리 조명 중 하나인 라이선스 램프에 적용하여 법규 기준을 만족하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1987

Experiments have been carried out to study the atomisation characteristics of superheated liquid(water) jet injected into the atmosphere through a single-hole nozzle. In present experi-mental range, superheated liquid jet has been observed to be atomised in two-phase effluent type; that is, spray formed by the bubble nucleation in the nozzle. In case of liquid injection through a long nozzle (L/D=29.09), the critical superheat for occurrence of two-phase effluent atomisa-tion can be determined from sudden change of spray angle. Sauter mean diameter of the spray droplets decreases as the degree of superheat increases. For the short nozzle (L/D=7.27), mean diameter increases with the injection pressure, while it decreases for the long nozzle; however for the long nozzle the effect of injection pressure is not significant compared with the short nozzle. For the short nozzle the uniformity of drop size distribution increases with increasing the degree of superheat, but for the long nozzle the effect of superheat on the uniformity is not appreciable.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.338-338
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• 2011

최근 FPD (Flat Pannel Display) 시장이 커짐에 따라 고효율, 저비용 제작 공정이 화두로 떠오르고 있다. ELA (Excimer Laser Annenling)을 이용한 LTPS (Low Temperature Poly Silicon) 공정은 mobility와 전류 점멸비 등에서 장점을 가지지만, 고비용, 대면적과 short-range에서 uniformity가 어렵다는 단점이 있다. 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 dLTA (diode Laser Thermal Annealing) 공정에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Flexible Display을 만들기 위한 방법으로 dLTA 공정을 진행하였다. 이 방법은 PI (Poly imide) 기판 위에 a-Si을 ICP CVD로 증착시킨 후, Diode Laser (980 nm)를 이용한 annealing을 통하여 a-Si이 poly-Si으로 결정화가 되는 것을 확인하였고, 에너지 조사량에 따른 grain boundary와 grain size을 통하여 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과 ELA 공정을 이용한 것과 버금가는 실험 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.362-369
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• 2008

There is developing interest in precision agriculture in Korea, despite the fact that typical Korean fields are less than 1 ha in size. Describing within-field variability in typical Korean production settings is a fundamental first step toward determining the size of management zones and the inter-relationships between limiting factors, for establishment of site-specific management strategies. Measurements of rice (Oriza Sativa L) yield, chlorophyll content, and soil properties were obtained in a small (100-m by 30-m) Korean rice paddy field. Yield data were manually collected on 10-m by 5-m grids (180 samples with 3 samples in each of 60 grid cells) and chlorophyll content was measured using a Minolta SPAD 502 in 2-m by 2-m grids. Soil samples were collected at 275 points to compare results from sampling at different scales. Ten soil properties important for rice production in Korea were determined through laboratory analyses. Variogram analysis and point kriging with and without median polishing were conducted to determine the variability of the measured parameters. Influence of variogram model selection and other parameters on the interpretation of the data was investigated. For many of the data, maximum values were greater than double the minimum values, indicating considerable spatial variability in the small paddy field, and large-scale spatial trends were present. When variograms were fit to the original data, the limits of spatial dependency for rice yield and SP AD reading were 11.5 m and 6.5 m, respectively, and after detrending the limits were reduced to 7.4 m and 3.9 m. The range of spatial dependency for soil properties was variable, with several having ranges as short as 2 m and others having ranges greater than 30 m. Kriged maps of the variables clearly showed the presence of both large-scale (trend) variability and small-scale variability in this small field where it would be reasonable to expect uniformity. These findings indicate the potential for applying the principles and technology of precision agriculture for Korean paddy fields. Additional research is needed to confirm the results with data from other fields and crops.d similar tendency with the result for the frequency less than 20 Hz, but the width of change was reduced highly.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2013

본 연구는 각 호흡 위상에 따른 계획용표적체적(planning target volume. PTV)의 움직임 및 체적(PTV volume)의 변화를 횡격막(diaphragm)의 움직임을 이용하여 정량적으로 분석함으로써 폐암의 호흡 동기 방사선치료를 위한 최적화된 호흡 위상을 알아보고자 하였다. 비특이적 호흡이나 불규칙적인 호흡에 의한 체계적 오류(system error)를 화하기 위하여 모의 호흡 훈련을 시행하였다. 정규화된 호흡 동기 방사선치료 절차에 따라 각 호흡 위상 i에 따른 4차원 전산화치료계획(4-dimensional computed tomography. 4DCTi)을 시행하였으며 0~90%, 30~70%, 40~60% 호흡 위상으로 재구성된 4DCTi 영상에서 PTV를 정의하고 PTVi의 움직임 및 체적의 변화를 정략적으로 분석하였다. 모의호흡 훈련에 의한 평균 호흡 주기는 $3.4{\pm}0.5$초로 나타났으며 임상적으로 유도되는 예상 값과 실제 측정값의 일치 정도를 나타내는 R-제곱 값은 1에 근접하여 유의하였다. 또한 각 호흡 위상 i에 따른 PTVi의 움직임은 0~90% 호흡 위상의 경우 $13.4{\pm}6.4mm$, 30~70% 호흡 위상의 경우 $6.1{\pm}2.9mm$, 40~60% 호흡 위상의 경우 $4.0{\pm}2.1mm$ 이었으며 PTVi의 체적 변화는 30~70% 호흡 위상의 경우 $32.6{\pm}8.7%$, 40~60% 호흡 위상의 경우 $41.6{\pm}6.2%$ 감소되었다. 결론적으로 짧은 호흡 위상(40~60%: 30% duty cycle) 폭을 적용하였을 때 PTV의 움직임 및 체적의 변화가 감소되어 호흡을 고려한 PTV 마진이 4mm 이내이면서 PTV 내 선량의 균일성을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 춘계 학술발표대회
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• pp.61-62
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• 2003

Clonal propagation of high-value forest trees through somatic embryogenesis (SE) has the potential to rapidly capture the benefits of breeding or genetic engineering programs and to improve raw material uniformity and quality. A major barrier to the commercialization of this technology is the low quality of the resulting embryos. Several factors limit commercialization of SE for Corsican pine, including low initiation rates, low culture survival, culture decline causing low or no embryo production, and inability of somatic embryos to fully mature, resulting in low germination and reduced vigour of somatic seedlings. The objective was to develop a Corsican pine maturation medium that would produce cotyledonary embryos capable of germination. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and significant differences between treatments determined by multiple range test at P=0.05. Corsican pine (Pinus nigra var. maritima) cultures were initiated on modified !P6 medium. Modifications of the same media were used for culture multiplication and maintenance. Embryogenic cultures were maintained on the same medium semi solidified with 2.5 g/l Gelrite. A maturation medium, capable of promoting the development of Corsican pine somatic embryos that can germinate, is a combination of iP6 modified salts, 2% maltose, 13% polyethylene glycol (PEG), 5 mg!l abscisic acid (ABA), and 2.5 g/l Gelrite. After initiation and once enough tissue developed they were grown in liquid medium. Embryogenic cell suspensions were established by adding 0.951.05 g of 10- to 14-day-old semisolid-grown embryogenic tissue to 9 ml of liquid maintenance media in a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask. Cultures were then incubated in the dark at 2022$^{\circ}$C and rotated at 120 rpm. After 2.53 months on maturation medium, somatic embryos were selected that exhibited normal embryo shape. Ten embryos were placed horizontally on 20 ml of either germination medium ($\frac{2}{1}$strength Murashige and Skoog (1962) salts with 2.5 g/l activated charcoal) or same medium with copper sulphate adjusted to 0.25 mg/1 to compensate for copper adsorption by activated carbon. 2% and 4% maltose was substituted by 7.5% and 13% PEG respectively to improve the yield of the embryos. Substitution of' maltose with PEG was clearly beneficial to embryo development. When 2% of the maltose was replaced with 7.5% PEG, many embryos developed to large bullet-shaped embryos. At latter stages of development most embryos callused and stopped development. A few short, barrel-shaped cotyledonary embryos formed that were covered by callus on the sides and base. When 4% of the maltose was removed and substituted with 13% PEG, the embryos developed further, emerging from the callus and increasing yield slightly. Microscopic examination of the cultures showed differing morphologies, varying from mostly single cells or clumps to well-formed somatic embryos that resembled early zygotic embryos only liquid cultures with organized early-stag. A procedure for converting and acclimating germinants to growth in soil and greenhouse conditions is also tested. Seedling conversion and growth were highly related to the quality of the germinant at the time of planting. Germinants with larger shoots, longer, straighter hypocotyls and longer roots performed best. When mature zygotic embryos germinate the root emerges, before or coincident with the shoot. In contrast, somatic embryos germinate in reverse sequence, with the cotyledons greening first, then shoot emergence and then, much later, if at all, the appearance of the root. Somatic seedlings, produced from the maturation medium, showed 100% survival when planted in a field setting. Somatic seedlings showed normal yearly growth relative to standard seedlings from natural seed.