• Title/Summary/Keyword: sizing

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The Physical Properties of Sizing Yarn According to Sizing Condition (가호조건에 따른 호부사의 물성변화)

  • 박명수
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2004
  • Polyester fabrics, which is a major product in Daegu and Kyungbuk district, recently have a frequent warp streak phenomenon of sizing textiles for peach skin. So, this paper intensively focuses on the analysis of finding causes of poor products which may be produced in the process of sizing. Depending on the changes of sizing yarn's physical characteristic varying on sizing conditions, results of the research are as followed. 1. Sizing add-on rate, following tension changes of originally supplied yarn in sizing, does not fluctuate until 30g sizing tension, but marks high on the increase of sizing speed. 2. Sizing add-on amount increases approximately by 2.5% when interlacing pressure is raised from 1.5kg/$cm^2$ to 3.5kg/$cm^2$ at $130^{\circ}C$ sizing temperature. 3. Following the increase of sizing tension from 10g to 50g, boiling shrinkage rate of desizing yarn changes approximately from 7% to 11%. But the more sizing temperature and speed increases, the bigger the change rate becomes. 4. The thermal stress of desizing yarn is sensitively influenced by sizing tension in the sizing degree of above $130^{\circ}C$. 5. The deviation rate of sizing yarn's initial modulus value, which is influenced by air pressure in interlacing raw yarn, marks the highest at 40g and 50g strength.

Effect of Spreading of Neutral Sizing Agent, Alkylketene Dimer, on Sizing Development

  • Seo Won-Sung;Shin Jong-Ho;Cho Nam-Seok
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.37 no.5 s.113
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2005
  • The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of spreading behavior of the sizing agents (AKD or dialkyl ketone) on the sizing development of AKD-sized paper. There was a direct relationship between the spreading behavior of the sizing agents and their melting points. Both AKD and dialkyl ketone showed no substantial spreading until the temperature reaches to their melting points. Consequently, dialkyl ketone did not provide sizing development when the paper was heat-treated below $75^{\circ}C$, while AKD provided sizing effect even the paper heated at $50^{\circ}C$. The ketone, however, provided rather higher sizing effect than that of AKD, when the paper was heat-treated over $100^{\circ}C$. This result means that the ketone also gives sizing development to paper, moreover the ketone could give higher sizing effect to paper than AKD when it was melted and well spreaded on the fiber surface. While the ketone introduced to papers from hydrolyzed AKD emulsion could not contribute to sizing development.

The Mechanical Properties of Scoured Fabrics Under Various Conditions (가호조건에 따른 정련포의 물성변화)

  • Park, Myung-Soo
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2008
  • Three kinds of 135D/108F ITY were produced from raw yam 85D/72F + SDY 50D/36F with. interlacing pressure $1.5kg/cm^2$, $2.5kg/cm^2$, $3.5kg/cm^2$ respectively. 72 kinds of sized yams were manufactured from three ITYs by altering sizing speed, sizing temperature and sizing tension. The mechanical characteristics of 72 kinds of plain fabrics which were woven using the sized yam as a warp were analyzed after scouring. The initial modulus of scoured fabric responded sensitively to the sizing speed in high tension. The WT of scoured fabric recorded the. highest1n the conditions of sizing tension 30g, and air pressure $2.5kg/cm^2$ in interlacing treatment. When sizing temperature was high, the WT value appeared low, but when sizing speed was high, the WT value was much affected by air pressure in interlacing raw yam. The MIU value of fabric according to sizing tension variations increased up to sizing tension 40g, but decreased above it. The bulk density decreased up to sizing tension 30-40g, but increased above it. In addition, the bulk density decreased as sizing temperature increased.

Effect of White Water Quality on AKD Sizing of Linerboard (백수의 수질에 따른 라이너지의 AKD 사이징)

  • Lee, Hak-Lae;Seo, Man-Seok;Shin, Jong-Ho;Youn, Hye-Jung
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.38 no.2 s.115
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2006
  • Neutral sizing is required for linerboard to solve the troubles in strength and process caused by recycled raw materials. AKD sizing efficiency can be influenced by process condition like white water quality, fines retention and so on. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate sizing performance of general and fast cure type AKDs using process water obtained from linerboard mill. To evaluate effect of process water quality on AKD sizing, white water was diluted with tap water at the different dilution ratios and UKP slurry was sized using the prepared water. Also, effects of inorganic and organic ion material on sizing were examined. When white water was used for stock forming, UKP sheet showed very low sizing degree. Sizing degree of sheet was increased with increase of dilution ratio because water quality was improved. Especially anionic organic material had a greater influence on AKD sizing than inorganic material. When white water quality was deteriorated, fast cure type AKD showed superior sizing performance to general type AKD.

Development of Synthetic Sizing Agent Using Recycling Polyethylene Terephthalate and its Sizing Efficiency (Part 2) - Sizing efficiency of modified PET - (재활용 PET를 활용한 합성 사이즈제 개발 및 종이의 내수성 부여에 관한 연구 (제2보) - 개질 PET의 내수특성 평가 -)

  • Park, Jae-Seok;Kim, Hyoung-Jin
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.95-101
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    • 2010
  • For the development of higher-sizing performance of paper, a sizing agent using recycled PET was synthesised. Polyester resin was extracted from wasted PET by subcritical hydrolysis and finally modified to synthetic sizing agent by mixing water-disperse PET with triphenyl phosphite(TPP). The modified PET was considered as an internal sizing agent in different wet-end papermaking conditions. The optimum condition in sizing efficiency was obtained in initial pH of 6.5 in case of rosin+alum system, and 7.5 in case of rosin+alum+PET system, respectively, and in addition amount of PET 3%. The sizing efficiency was also closely related according to the fiber properties of wet-end slurry, such as virgin fibres from UKP and recycled fibres from KOCC. The application of modified PET was good in strength improvement of paper, specially in tensile strength.

Properties of Conductive Polymer Composite Films Fabricated under High Intensity Electric Fields : Effect of CF Sizing Treatment (고전기장을 이용한 전도성 고분자 복합필름의 제조 및 특성 연구 : 탄소섬유 Sizing처리가 탄소섬유/폴리에틸렌 필름의 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 고현협;김중현;임순호;김준경;최철림
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.293-301
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    • 2001
  • Electrically conductive carbon fiber/high density polyethylene (CF/HDPE) composite films were fabricated by new method, so called electron-ion technology (EIT) and the effects of CF epoxy sizing on the volumetric resistivity. tensile strength and interphase properties of the films were investigated. While epoxy sizing increased conductivity of composite films resulting from enhanced tunneling effect it reduced interphase adhesion between CF and HDPE because polar epoxy sizing and nonpolar HDPE are incompatible. Consequently epoxy sized CF(CF(S)) caused significant reduction in the volumetric resisitivity and tensile strength of composite films when compared with unsized CF(CF(U)). Epoxy sizing reduced nucleating efficiency of CF(S), therefore CF(S)/HDPE composite films showed nonuniform transcrystalline layer when compared with CF(U)/HDPE composite films.

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Neutral Sizing of Linerboard Using Fast Cure Type AKD (급속경화형 AKD를 이용한 라이너지의 중성 사이징)

  • Lee Hak-Lae;Seo Man-Seok;Shin Jong-Ho;Youn Hye-Jung
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.38 no.1 s.113
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2006
  • To overcome troubles in strength and process of linerboard caused by raw materials, a neutral sizing which is usual in fine paper making can be considered. A new sizing agent is necessary to show good performance in a system with high conductivity and COD. In this study, fast cure type AKD was examined as a new sizing agent and compared with conventional AKD. The effects of fixing agent addition and drying condition were also investigated. Fast cure type AKD which has a higher cationicity showed better sizing degree than conventional AKD in spite of low addition level and no curing treatment. And when fixing agent of sufficient amount was added, sizing degree was improved for both AKDs. High cationicity is a crucial factor for neutral sizing of linerboard for obtaining fast and stable sizing degree. Drying with temperature over $100^{\circ}$ was desirable for developing sizing degree.

The Influence of Paper Stock Type on Characteristics of Sizing (지료조성에 따른 종이의 사이징 특성)

  • Cheong Sang Jin;Kim Bong Yong
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.37 no.2 s.110
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2005
  • This study was carried out to investigate the influence of paper stock type and heat treatment on sizing effect. Various types of pulps were used to make handsheets sized internally with AKD(alkyl ketene dimer) and externally with CMC(carboxyl methyl cellulose). Most of the handsheets were treated with heat by dry oven $(100^{\circ}C,\;30min)$ to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on sizing development. Internal sizing development of newsprint was very bad, but the effect of heat treatment was much higher than those of NBKP, BCTMP. In case of surface sizing, newsprint was more effective compared to the other pulps. Considering above mentioned results, it seems that internal sizing slows down water into paper by molecular diffusion much more than capillary penetration, but surface sizing slows down capillary penetration. With regard to density, a higher thickness sheets showed high heat treatment effect on sizing, therefore it assumed that heat treatment effect on sizing had very close relationship with sheet density.

Alkaline Sizing of TMP with AKD (AKD에 의한 TMP의 중성사이징)

  • 김봉용
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2002
  • Alkaline sizing characteristics of TMP (thermomechanical pulp) handsheets with AKD (alkylketene dimer) were studied under various conditions. The sizing degree of TMP handsheet was much lower than that of chemical pulp. Especially, the sized TMP handsheet dried at $20^{\circ}C$ showed no sizing features, but sizing degree of TMP handsheet was clearly Increased by heat treatment at $105^{\circ}C$. The sizing effect of TMP was also improved by addition of $CaCO_3$, but it was not affected by pH. Therefore, sizing effect of TMP with AKD can be improved to some extent by controlling stock condition and heat treatment of handsheet.

New Approaches to Ultrasonic Classification and Sizing of Flaws in Weldments (초음파시험에 의한 용접결함의 종류판별과 크기산정의 새로운 기법)

  • 송성진
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.132-146
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    • 1995
  • Flaw classification(determination of the flaw type) and flaw sizing (prediction of the flaw shape, orientation and sizing parameters) are very important issues in ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of weldments. In this work, new techniques for both classification and sizing of flaws in weldments are described together with extensive review of previous works on both topics. In the area of flaw classification, a methodology is developed which can solve classification problems using probabilistic neural networks, and in the area of flaw sizing, a time-of-flight equivalent(TOFE) sizing method is presented.

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