• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.292-299
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• 2021

In this study, a study was attempted to confirm the yield of the solvent fraction for extracting physiologically active substances of polyphenols and flavonoids in sea cucumber. In the previously reported cases, the 50% ethanol extraction solvent fraction was confirmed as a result of high yield of sea cucumber antioxidants. The determination of the amount of antioxidants extracted from sea cucumber was confirmed as a result of the extraction solvent fraction applied to the extraction. In addition, the necessity of extraction of the solvent fraction was obtained through a previous study that 'there is a significant difference in the content of sea cucumber physiologically active antioxidants extracted depending on the extraction solvent.' The results of extracting high antioxidants from the phenolic substances contained in the sea cucumber extract of the 50% ethanol extraction solvent fraction were demonstrated. In the study case of extraction solvent fraction, the ethyl acetate solvent fraction, which yielded the lowest, yielded a higher phenol content than other solvent fractions, and the antioxidant effect was confirmed. Accordingly, it was confirmed that the effect on the high yield of the antioxidant extract through the yield change according to the application of the extraction solvent fraction was performed. Therefore, it was verified as an optimized sea cucumber physiologically active substance extraction solvent fraction of 50% ethanol solvent.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.332-337
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• 1994

The antioxidant activity of solvent extracts isolated from barley leaves was investigated by measuring peroxide value. The fractions of methanol extract obtained from preparative TLC was also studies, with UV-Visible spectrum, total phenol contents and hydrogen donating ability(HDA) The antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts was, in decreasing order, methanol> ethyl ether> methylene chloride $\geq$ ethyl acetate $\geq$acetone> hexane. The antioxidant activity of the fractions of methanol extract was, in decreasing order, fraction 2> fraction 3> fraction 1 and their activity was all superior to that of tocopherol at 500 ppm level. All fraction(1, 2 and 3) exhibited a strong UV absorption at 280 m which would be specifically produced by phenolic compound. UV absorption at 280 m of fraction 2 was greater than those of fraction 1 and 3. In the visible spectrum of these fractions, the maximum .absorption wavelengths of fraction 1, 2 and 3 were 660, 460 and 460 m, respectively. Antioxidant activity of barley leaves seemed to be due to the flavonoids containing phenolic group by UV spectrum and total phenol content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.292-292
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of anti-obesity and antioxidant enzyme activities in vitro by different solvent fractions from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata. The cytotoxicity of different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were evaluated using the MTT assay, the rate of cell survival progressively decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Butyl alcohol fraction at $200{\mu}g/mL$ exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic effect (75.73%) on 3T3-L1 cell comparable to that of the hexane fraction (79.82%), methylene chloride fraction (84.02%), ethyl acetate fraction (87.62%) and DW fraction (86.30%) at the same concentration. The Oil Red O solution was used to determine whether different solvent fractions of C. lanceolata induce adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Confluent 3T3-L1 cells were treated with $50{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of solvent fraction extracts from C. lanceolata. Inhibitory degree of lipid accumulation against solvent fraction extracts showed a significant level compared with the control. Both lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation showed relatively high effect on methyl chloride fraction. The root extract of C. lanceolata had the highest SOD enzyme activity of 84.5% in ethyl acetate partition layer and while water partition layer of diploid showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 57.9%. The activity of CAT, APX and POD showed a significantly higher activity in ethyl acetate partition layer compared with the other fraction. These results suggested that the roots of C. lanceolata may assist in the potential biological activity on anti-obesity and antioxidant capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.785-790
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• 2004

Kimchi is well known as a traditional Korean food containing various antioxidative compounds and it has been demonstrated that dietary kimchi inhibit the tissue oxidation and aging in many related studies. Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is the most potent among the many related factor to skin photo-aging. This experiment is designed to elucidate the inhibitory effect of solvent fractionation of various kimchi on UVB induced oxidation and erythema formation. Among solvent fractions, phenol content mostly existed in dichloromethane / ethylacetate fraction of buchu kimchi, dichloromethane fraction of Korean cabbage kimchi and ethylacetate / dichloromethane fraction of mustard leaf kimchi. Free radical scavenging activities were higher in dichloromethane and ethylacetate fraction from buchu kimchi, dichloromethane fraction from Korean cabbage kimchi, and ethylacetate fraction from mustard leaf kimchi. When the damage of photo-oxidation by UVB irradiation was tested in the presence of solvent fractions of kimchi, dichloromethane / ethylacetate fraction of buchu kimchi, ethylacetate fraction from Korean cabbage and from mustard leaf kimchi showed the higher protective activities than others. The erythema formations which were induced by UVB irradiation were decreased in solvent fractions of kimchi that hate higher antioxidant activities. In conclusion, kimchi solvent fractions having antioxidant compounds mostly inhibited photo-oxidation and erythema formation by UV-irradiation, therefore kimchi consumption can retard skin aging due to the presence of antioxidative compounds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.900-907
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• 2000

The antioxidant effects of dichloromethane, ethylacetate or water fraction of kimchi added to the 1% cholesterol diet were studied. Six New Zealand white rabbits in each group were fed either control diet (basal diet containing 1% cholesterol) or experimental diet containing dichloromethane (CH$_2$Cl$_2$), ethylacetate (EtOAc) or water ($H_2O$) fraction of kimchi in the control diet for 16 weeks. The amount of each solvent fraction of kimchi added to the experimental diet was equivalent to 5% of freeze-dried kimchi. Levels of hepatic lipid oxidation expressed as TBARS or peroxide value for the experimental groups were lower than that of control (p<0.05). Liver homogenated of the experimental group containing dichloromethane fraction of kimchi inhibited LDL oxidation in the presence of Cu++ by 46% (p<0.05). The activities of catalase, Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), Cu, Zn-superoxide (Cu, Zn-SOD) and Mn-superoxide (Mn-SOD) of experimental groups were lower than those of control group. Low enzyme activities observed from the kimchi solvent fraction groups might be due to the level of lipid oxidation progressed less in these groups. The most significant antioxidant effects were observed from dichloromethane fraction of kimchi among the experimental groups. The major fatty acids of hepatic phospholipid of rabbit were C18:2 and C18:0. But the major fatty acid profile was changed into C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, and C18:2 when rabbit was fed 1% cholesterol diet for 16 weeks, and this profile was almost the same as in rabbit fed diet containing kimchi solvent fraction. The ratio for unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid decreased by cholesterol induced diet and it was not corrected by kimchi solvent fractions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.261-267
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• 2014

As a part of ongoing research to elucidate and characterize antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals, solvent-partitioned fractions from Spergularia marina were tested for their ability to scavenge radicals and suppress inflammation. The results of the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay indicate that solvent-partitioned fractions from S. marina scavenged intracellular radicals in $H_2O_2$-stimulated mouse macrophages. The tested fractions decreased the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of inflammation mediators, namely, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin (IL)-6, by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse macrophages, indicating that S. marina decreases inflammation. Among all tested fractions [i.e., $H_2O$, n-buthanol (n-BuOH), 85% aqueous methanol (aq. MeOH), and n-hexane], the 85% aq. MeOH fraction showed the strongest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response. The 85% aq. MeOH fraction scavenged 80% of the free radicals produced by $H_2O_2$-induced control cells. In addition, NO production was 98% lower in 85% aq. MeOH fraction-treated cells compared to LPS-induced control cells. The mRNA expression of iNOS and IL-6 was also suppressed in 85% aq. MeOH fraction-treated cells. The results of the current study suggest that the phenolic compound components of S. marina are responsible for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.84-90
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• 1992

Solvent and TLC-fractionations of the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza have yielded the results as follows ; Solvent fractions Petr. ether Ether Ethy1 acetate Water Control 100uL 0 0.2 35.1 41.9 43.0 50ul 0.7 3.7 37.2 42.0 TLC-fractionation and the Cytotoxic activity Fractions I II III IV V VI Petr. ehter Control 100uL13.0 7.1 16.8 1.2 30.9 23.2 0.5 48.3 50uL 37.1 26.1 30.0 20.1 45.7 27.2 29.7 Among the solvent fractions the petroleum ehter fraction corresponding to the concentration of 20ug/ml has showed the strongest Cytotoxic activity. (no cell survived) A double dilution of the fraction(10ug/ml) still showed strong activity.(0.2 cells survived) The ether fraction contained strong activity. Of the fraction which have veen obtained by a prcparative silicagel TLC I, II, III & IV were cytotoxic, but V and VI were inactive Howevcr, it is worthwhile to note that no one of these has no strong Cytotoxicity as the pertoleum ether fraction itself. This observation says that the active fractions could be additive or synergic to each other. The most active fraction, IV, was scrached out from the TLC and its UV-spectrum taken. The absorption maxima were 207 and 272 nm, indicating the presence of a flavanone strucuture.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

This study was designed to determine the antioxidant activity of solvent fractions of broccoli sprouts grown by controlling the growing environment at the plant factory system. Fractionation was achieved with chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, water by 70% EtOH extract of the broccoli sprouts. Each solvent fraction was put through TLC and HPLC to separate active components. Higher antioxidant activities were observed for the butanol and ethyl acetate layers. Further evaluation of each of the 5 layers (LH1 to LH5) of the butanol fraction showed that the refined LH3 extract had a high antioxidant effect. Components with similar Rf values from TLC had the same retention times and peaks in the HPLC analysis. It was also determined that the sulforaphane content was high at the chloroform and butanol layers and the sulforaphane was responsible for, the high antioxidant activity. Thus, to use for functional materials, the butanol extract/layer of broccoli sprouts is recommended as the most effective.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 2002

Antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of various solvent extracts from different parts of the loquat were investigated to process it as the functional food. The extraction yield showed higher in butanol fraction of 4.95% in peel and 4.42% in seed than others, but water fraction showed high extraction yield of 3.89% in leafs 23.6% in the seedless fruit and 21.1% in fresh, In the antimicrobial activity test, ethyl acetate fraction that leaf and fruit excluded seed inhibited higher 19, 15 mm and 16, 15 m in clear zone far Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in each. Ethyl acetate fraction that extracted from a series of polar and nonpolar solvent fractionation of methanol extracts showed better results in the hydrogen donating activity of 82% in leaf, 74% in seedless fruit, 68% in seed, 52% in peel and 30% in fresh.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.204-210
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• 2000

The antioxidative effects of solvent fractions of kimchi on LDL oxidatiojn in vitro as well as hypolipidemic effects of these fractions in rabbit fed atherogenic diet were studied. Methanol extract of deffated kimchi was fractionated sequentially with dichloromethane, ethylacetate, butanol and water. All solvent fractions of kimchi inhibited Cu2+-induced LDL oxidation. Among these fractions, the dicholoromethane fraction at the concentration of 25$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL showed the highest antioxidant effects against LDL oxidation in the aspect of inhibiting TBARS production by 28.03% or prolonged lag phase duration 2-fold compared to those of control. Based on the results from in vitro study, New Zealand White Rabbits grouped six each were fed for 8 weeks either basal diet containing 1% cholesterol or experimental diet containing dichloromethane, ethylacetate or water fraciton added to the basal diet. The amount of solvent fraction of kimchi added to the experimental diet was equivalent to 5% of freeze-dried kimchi. The hypolipidemic effects was observed from all experimental gropus, especially from dichloromethane fraction added group. The plasma and LDL cholesterol levels of this group were decreased by 49% and 47%, respectively while that of HDL increased by 91% compared to those of control. The calculated atherogenic index for the dichloromethane group was the lowest among groups. However, TG lowering effect of experimental group was not observed since solbent fraction of kimchi was used instead of freeze-dried kimchi. The TBARS concentration of LDL isolated from rabbit fed dichloromethane fraction was decreased 21% than that of control. These results indicate that active principles responsible for inhibiting LDL oxidation and lowering plasma cholesterol may present abundantly in dichloromethane fraction of kimchi.