• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 2004

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the level of activity daily living and powerlessness of spinal cord injury patients'. Method: The subjects for the study consisted of 68 persons agreed above twenty below seventy had had spinal cord injury. The data were collected from November 1, 2003 to January 30, 2004. The instruments used for this study were ADL check List and Powerlessness Scale. The data were analysed by using SPSS computerlized program and included number, percentage, t-test and ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results: The mean of activity daily living was paraplegia $49.53{\pm}10.91$ and tetraplegia $25.65{\pm}13.24$. The mean of powerlessness was paraplegia $35.22{\pm}9.50$ and tetraplegia $37.55{\pm}9.01$. In the relationship between activity daily living and powerlessness were significant difference. Conclusion: in order to increase the level of activity daily living of rehabilization nurse should be helpful to provide them. Also, it could be identified that informational support was important, that is, the lesser the informational support, spinal cord injury patient don't feel the powerlessness.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.433-444
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• 2007

Today the number of the disabled people with a spinal cord injury is increasing by the acquired factor. The purpose of the study is to furnish basic data for the study of satisfactory clothing construction data by considering the physical variation by the time passed the since the injury. Also the study includes the actual measuring of the disabled men with spinal cord injuries which is compared with the data of the 5th national anthropometric survey of Korea and makes it possible to grasp the distinguished physical feature of the disabled men with the spinal cord injury. As a result, first, the measured data are smaller than those of the 5th national anthropometric survey of Korea in the items of height and length of the upper half of the body related to stature. Second, the measured data are bigger than those of the 5th national anthropometric survey of Korea in the items of breadth, depth and circumference of the upper half of the body related to the exercise. Third, there are differences in the items of depth of the lower half of the body, breadth and circumference in the analysis of the time passed since the injury.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.548-559
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• 2016

Objectives: This is a clinical report of one patient with both lower limb paraparesis and numbness as well as sensory impairment caused by a T10 spinal cord injury due to varicella zoster myelitis.Methods: The patient with the spinal cord injury induced by varicella zoster myelitis was treated using Korean medical treatments such as herbal medicine (Palmijihwang-tanggami), acupuncture, and moxibustion.Results: After treatments, improvements in muscular strength and the sensory impairment of both lower limbs were observed as well as improvements in various side effects such as the debridement state and laboratory findings of urine analysis.Conclusion: Given these results, it is considered that Korean medical treatment is effective for patients with spinal cord injury due to varicella zoster myelitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.898-902
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to report the improvement after the Oriental medical treatment about a paraplegic patient caused by spinal cord injury. The paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury was the result of falling down. So we diagnosed it as Eohyeol(瘀血), Wei symptom(痿證), Urinary retention(癃閉) in Oriental medical system and applied herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, physical exercise to the patient for 42days. We evaluate the clinical effect of the treatment with VAS and motor/sensory function score of the body and lower extremities. After the Oriental medical treatment, we achieved the effective result on impairment in motor and sensory function of the paraplegic patient. And also we got the improvement of urinary disorder and pain. The more clinical study about paraplegic patient caused by spinal cord injury may be needed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.384-397
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Treadmill Training on WISCI level, walking velocity, walking endurance, motor score and gait cycle of spinal cord injury patient with incomplete. Four subjects with spinal cord injury participated in this study. They took walking excercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks. One time excercise spent 30minutes. The theraputic effect was evaluated by WISCI level, walk 10 meters test, walk for 12 minutes test, motor score and gait cycle. Four subjects were examined before, after 8 week, walking training. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS PC for Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results of this study are as follows; 1) In WISCI level, walking velocity, walking endurance and motor score, post - treatment score were higher compared to pre-treatment score with statistical significance(p<0.05). 2) In Rt SLS, DLSII and Lt SLS, post-treatment percentage were higher compared to pre-treatment percentage with statistical significance(p<0.05). but DLSI were not statistical significance(p>0.05). The findings suggest that spinal cord injury patients with incomplete can improve their WISCI level, walking velocity, walking endurance, motor score and gait cycle through Treadmill gait training.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.123-127
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• 1999

Chronic pain is a frequent complication after spinal cord injury. Various medical and surgical approaches have been applied for management of spinal cord injury pain but none of them are definitive. The N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, ketamine has been reported to have a significant effect in the management of neuropathic pain. We used small divided doses of intravenous ketamine (30 mg divided by 6 equals 5 mg, 5 min interval) in spinal cord injury patients suffering from chronic pain, and accomplished significant pain relief without side effects.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1303-1310
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• 2006

In oriental medicine, Samul-tang (SMT) has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and neuronal disorders. Here, possible effects of SMT on axonal regeneration after the spinal cord injury were examined. SMT treatment induced increases in regeneration-related proteins GAP-43, cell division cycle 2 (Cdc2) and phospho-Erk1/2 in the peripheral sciatic nerves after crush injury. Increased levels of Cdc2 and phospho-Erk1/2 were observe mostly in the gray matter area and some in the dorsomedial white matter. These increases correlated with increased cell numbers in affected areas. Moreover, axons of corticospinal tract (CST) showed increased sprouting in the injured spinal cord when administrated with SMT compared with saline-treated control. Thus, the present data indicate that SMT may be useful for identifying active components and for therapeutic application toward the treatment of spinal cord disorders after injury.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between rehabilitation motive and social support perceived by spinal cord injury patients. Method: Data were collected by the questionnaires from 83 patients with spinal cord injury in a hospital. It was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Peason's correlation coefficients. Result: The social support score was 3.51 of 5 in average. The connectedness of subordinate portion was the highest as 3.57. The rehabilitation motive was 2.93 of maximum 4.00 in average. Among sub-dimensions of the rehabilitation motive, the mean score of change oriented motivation was 3.27 as the highest. The higher the direct support, the higher the indirect support(r=.663, p=.000). The higher the rehabilitation motive, the higher the direct(r=.282, p=.010) and indirect support(r=.397, p=.000). Conclusion: According to this study, the social support had the significant relationship with the rehabilitation motive. The social support was the key factor to enhance the rehabilitation motive psychologically. Finally, there is a need to develop the nursing intervention improve the social support for the spinal cord injury patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2014

Objective : Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory rheumatic disease mainly affecting the axial skeleton. The rigid spine may secondarily develop osteoporosis, further increasing the risk of spinal fracture. In this study, we reviewed fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis that had been clinically diagnosed to better define the mechanism of injury, associated neurological deficit, predisposing factors, and management strategies. Methods : Between January 2003 and December 2013, 12 patients with 13 fractures with neurological complications were treated. Neuroimaging evaluation was obtained in all patients by using plain radiography, CT scan, and MR imaging. The ASIA Impairment Scale was used in order to evaluate the neurologic status of the patients. Management was based on the presence or absence of spinal instability. Results : A total of 9 cervical and 4 thoracolumbar fractures were identified in a review of patients in whom ankylosing spondylitis had been diagnosed. Of these, 7 fractures were associated with a hyperextension mechanism. 10 cases resulted in a fracture by minor trauma. Posttraumatic neurological deficits were demonstrated in 11 cases and neurological improvement after surgery was observed in 5 of these cases. Conclusions : Patients with ankylosing spondylitis are highly susceptible to spinal fracture and spinal cord injury even after only mild trauma. Initial CT or MR imaging of the whole spine is recommended even if the patient's symptoms are mild. The patient should also have early surgical stabilization to correct spinal deformity and avoid worsening of the patient's neurological status.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2003

This study was conducted to assess the effects of the gait training method in incomplete spinal cord injured persons using an auto-walking machine. Persons with incomplete spinal cord injury level C or D on the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale participated for eight weeks in an auto-walking training program. The gait training program was carried out for 15 minutes, three times per day for 8 weeks with an auto-walking machine. The foot rests of the auto-walking machine can be moved forward, downward, backward and upward to make the gait pattern with fixed on crank. The patient's body weight is supported by a harness during waking training. We evaluated the gait speed, physiologic cost index, motor score of lower extremities and the WISCI (walking index for spinal cord injury) level before the training and after the forth and eighth week of walking training. 1. The mean gait speed was significantly increased from .22 m/s at pre-training to .28 m/s after 4 weeks of training and .31 m/s after 8 weeks of training (p=.004). 2. The mean physiologic cost index was decreased from 4.6 beats/min at pre-training to 3.0 beats/min after 4 weeks and 2.0 beats/min after 8 weeks of training, but it was not statistically significant (p=.140). 3. The mean motor score of lower extrernities was significantly increased from 29.8 to 35.8 after 8 weeks of training (p=.043). 4. The mean WISCI level was significantly increased from level 10 to level 19 after 8 weeks of training (p=.007). The results of this study suggest that the gait training program using the auto-walking machine increased the gait speed, muscle strength and galt pattern (WISCI level) in persons with incomplete spinal cord injury. A large, controlled study of this technique is warranted.