• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.47-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of mixed surfactant solution for removal of perchloroethylene (PCE) in soil. Ten different surfactant solutions were used in column studies. Mixed surfactant solutions (anionic and nonionic) were most effectively worked in the sandy soil for removal of PCE as a result of synergism between the two types of surfactants. The effectiveness of the mixture of surfactants was 35 % greater than that for the anionic or nonionic surfactant alone. The results indicate that mixed surfactant solution leaching is a promising candidate for the remediation of PCE contaminated sandy soil.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.424-431
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• 2003

The evaporation cooling phenomenon of a droplet containing a surfactant on a heated surface has been studied experimentally. The two kinds of heater modules made of brass and Teflon$^{TM}$ were tested to investigate the cooling characteristics of droplet. Solutions of water containing Sodium Lauryl Sulfate(0 ppm, 100 ppm, 1000 ppm) were tested in the experiments. The results showed that the contact angle decrease as the concentration of surfactant increases. The tendency did not very with different heated solid materials. As initial temperature of the heated surface becomes high, time averaged heat flux increases and evaporation time decreases with the denser concentration of surfactant. Therefore, water with denser concentration of surfactant could be effective to cool flammable materials. However, the effect of surfactant becomes low as the material temperature is higher than the boiling temperature of water.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.243-246
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• 2002

Surfactant-enhanced electrokinetic remediation is an emerging technology that can effectively remove hydrocarbons from low-permeability soils. In this study, the electrokinetic remediation using APG(alkyl polyglucoside) was conducted for the removal of phenanthrene from kaolinite. APG, which was an environmentally compatible and non-toxic surfactant, was used at concentrations of 5, 15, and 30g/1 to enhance the solubility of phenanthrene. Also an electrolyte solution was used for considering a relation between electrical potential gradient and removal efficiency of phenanthrene. When the electrolyte solution was used, it represented low electrical potential gradient, but the removal efficiency was lower than that of no electrolyte system. Removal efficiency of phenanthrene in EK process using surfactant solution depended on concentration of surfactant. Because surfactant increased the solubility and the mobility of phenanthrene, when surfactant concentration was high, high removal efficiency was observed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.356-359
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• 2003

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are representative hydrophobic organic carbons (HOCs). Surfactant-enhanced electrokinetic (EK) remediation is an innovative in-situ technology that can effectively remove HOCs from low-permeability soils. In this study, the electrokinetic remediation using Tergitol 15-S-12, a nonionic surfactant, was conducted for the removal of phenanthrene from kaolinite. Tergitol 15-S-12 was used at concentrations of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 7.5 g/L to enhance the solubility of phenanthrene. When the surfactant solution was applied to EK system, high electrical potential gradient was maintained and the amount of electroosmotic flow decreased. Removal efficiency of phenanthrene was proportional to the concentration of Tergitol 15-S-12 because the solubility and mobility of phenanthrene was enhanced by surfactant micelle. Therefore, the suitable concentration of nonionic surfactant Tergitol 15-S-12 is expected to improve the removal efficiency of PAHs in EK remediation.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.255-263
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• 1992

Pasting characteristics and amylose-surfactant complex forming ability of sweet potato starch were investigated after defatting and the addition of surfactants, such as SSL (sodium steamyl-2-lactylate) Dimodan (mono/di glyceride) and SE (sucrose ester) with different concentrations. All starch granules were smooth and round, there were no damages to starch granules after defatting and surfactant addition. amylose content of surfactant added stach decreased and me order of decrease was SSL, SE and Dimodan. The cornplex forming ability of SE added starch increased according to increasing HLB value. As surfactants concentration increased, amylose complex formig ability increased. In case of gelatinization patterns by amylograph, the initial pasting temperature of surfactant added starches was higher than mat of untreated or defatted starches, but viscosity at each temperature were all decreased. Soluble carbohydrate and leached amylose of starches increased at increasing temperature, those of surfactant added starches decreased at each temperature in the order of SSL, SE and Dimodan.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.365-368
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• 2000

The antibacterial effect amino acid-copper(II) surfactant on fish pathogens was studied. Fish pathogens of Edwardsiella tarda Vibrio anguillarum Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus sp. were selected cultured in nutrient agar and adjusted at $2{\times}10^5~10^6 CFU/$m\ell$$ in phosphate buffer saline before the addtion of amino acid-copper(II) surfactant with different concentrations. All tested pathogens died within 1 hour with 1 ppm of amino acid-copper(II) surfactant. In comparison with formalin and ET. amino acid-copper (II) surfactnat was more effective in antibacterial capacity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.215-218
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• 2005

We applied the density-surfactant-motivated method to the removal of DNAPL within a rough-walled single fracture. Observations are made to compare the DNAPL residual distribution before and after the flushing of surfactant-enhanced solution or water flushing. Results show that density-motivated method with surfactant-enhanced solution effectively removed DNAPL in a single fracture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.315-317
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• 2004

Henry's law constants of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in air-aqueous surfactant systems were determined by gas chromatography headspace analysis of closed system. The effect of surfactant type and concentration was investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.422-427
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• 2009

We have investigated the effects of polyols and NaCl on the rheological behaviours of surfactant mixtures. Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), disodium cocoamphodiacetate (DSCA), cocamide DEA (CDEA) and lauroyl/myristoyl DEA (LMDE) were used as surfactants. The polyols added into the surfactant mixture were 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, dipropylene glycol, PEG 1500 and PEG 400. The addition of amphoteric surfactant to SLES aqueous solution lead to increase the height of foam and the viscosity of the system. The addition of nonionic surfactant, LMDE or CDEA to the SLES aqueous solution increased the viscosity and the effect of LMDE was better than that of CDEA. The effect of adding polyols and NaCl into the surfactant mixture aqueous solution lead to increase or decrease the viscosity of the systems depending on the concentration of NaCl and the kinds of polyols. These results can be explained through the salting in or salting out of surfactant of the systems.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.341-349
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• 2002

Heat and mass transfer characteristics of a surfactant-added LiBr-$H_2O$ solution flowing over a single horizontal tube were examined experimentally. The parameters considered were surfactant (2-ethyl-1-hexanol) concentration, solution temperature at the top of the tube and absorber pressure. Even with an amount of the surfactant below the solubility limit, heat and mass transfer performances were enhanced tremendously. The Nusselt and Sherwood numbers increased by about 70% and 340%, respectively, when 10 ppm of the surfactant was added. However, an excess amount of the surfactant in the solution did not bring a further enhancement. The absorption performance deteriorated when the non-condensable gases were extracted from the system (by a vacuum pump) since the vaporized surfactant was also extracted during the process. Therefore, it is desirable to add a sufficient amount of the surfactant (more than 10 ppm) to maintain high performance of absorption.