• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the metabolic process of oxygen in cells. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in cells systemize the antioxidant enzymes to control the oxidative stress. Genistein is one of the isoflavonoids, and its role in controlling cellular oxidative stress is presently the active issue at question. In this study; we analyzed genistein-induced survival rates of the CHO-K1 cells, activities of antioxidant enzymes, ROS levels, and expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes in order to investigate the effect of genistein on cellular ROS production and antioxidative systems in CHO-K1 cells. As results, the survival rate of cells was decreased as the dose of genistein increases (12.5${\sim}$200 ${\mu}$M). Genistein increased cellular ROS levels, while it reduced total SOD activities and the expression of CuZnSOD. In conclusion, we suggest that genistein may induce oxidative stress via down-regulation of SOD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.32-32
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• 2001

Helicobacter pylori (Hp), an important etiologic agent in a variety of gastroduodenal diseases, produces a large amount of urease, which is believed to neutralize gastric acid by producing ammonia for the survival of the bacteria. Up to 30％ of the enzyme is associated with the surface of intact cells by lysis of neighboring bacteria. However, the role of the external enzyme has been a subject of controversy, because the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated below pH 5.(omitted)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.82-86
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• 2000

To evaluate anti-influenza virus activity of 113 specimens of Korean traditional medicine both water and methanol extracts were examined using haemagglutination inhibition test. The water extract from Citrus junos was found to inhibit influenza virus A/Taiwan/l/86(H1N1). The survival rates of virus were determined by in situ cellular enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The water extract of Citrus junos was fractionated by chromatographic separating using Amberlite XAD-4, 40% MeOH and 60% MeOH layer had antiviral activity. The half inhibition concentration $(IC_{50})$ of 40% MeOH layer on survival of influenza virus was $MIC>361.5{\mu}g/ml$ and $IC_{50}$ value of fr. 40-4 fractionated from 40% MeOH layer was $677.19{\mu}g/ml$. These results suggested that the fractions of Citus junos have potent anti-influenza A virus activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2008

Objectives : This study has been carried out to understand the effect of Uncooked Korean Food(F-DM) on blood glucose and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Methods : SD rats were separated into four groups(each with 20 rats). Except normal two group, the other two groups were injected into intra-peritoneal with streptozotocin 60 mg/kg. Experimental group was eated Feed with 25% F-DM for 4 weeks. The change of plasma glucose level, body weight were observed. After 4 weeks, liver and kidney weight, antioxidant enzyme activities, survival rate were observed with histological changes on liver, kidney and pancreas. Results : In experimental group, body weight and survival rate increased, plasma glucose level were decreased significantly. Liver and kidney weight, XOD activity were decreased in experimental group compared to control group. GSH-px and CAT activities, insulin- immunoreactive granules in p-cells were increased significantly in experimental group compared to control group. Conclusions : This study shows that the F-DM might be effective for treatment of diabetes and its complications, as well as reduction of the oxidative stress.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4595-4598
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• 2013

We conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the role of genes involved in transport pathways in response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome of osteosarcoma cases. Genotyping of six SNPs was performed in a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform for 208 osteosarcoma patients to reveal any correlations of the six SNPs with response to chemotherapy and clinical outcome. Individuals with the ABCB1 rs1128503 TT and ABCC3 rs4148416 TT genotypes had a higher probability of responding poorly to chemotherapy, indicated by odds ratios (ORs) of 2.46 (95%CI, 1.21-5.74) and 3.78 (95% CI, 1.20-13.85), respectively. Moreover, the ABCB1 rs1128503 TT and ABCC3 rs4148416 TT genotypes were significantly associated with shorter diseasefree survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Our study found the two SNPs in two transporter genes and one phase II metabolism enzyme to be associated with response to chemotherapy and overall survival in osteosarcoma patients, suggesting potential prognostic biomarker applications of the two SNPs.

• Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2014

Objectives: Measurement of the incidence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is very important for epidemiological studies. Here, we determined the recency period with the AxSYM avidity assay and the BED-capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) in Korean seroconverters. Methods: Two hundred longitudinal specimens from 81 seroconverters with incident HIV infections that had been collected at the Korea National Institute of Health were subjected to the AxSYM avidity assay (cutoff = 0.8) and BED-CEIA (cutoff = 0.8). The statistical method used to estimate the recency period in recent HIV infections was nonparametric survival analyses. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for 10-day increments from 120 days to 230 days to determine the recency period. Results: The mean recency period of the avidity assay and BED-CEIA using a survival method was 158 days [95% confidence interval (CI), 135-181 days] and 189 days (95% CI, 170-208 days), respectively. Based on the use of sensitivity and specificity, the mean recency period for the avidity assay and BED-CEIA was 150 days and 200 days, respectively. Conclusion: We determined the recency period to estimate HIV incidence in Korea. These data showed that the nonparametric survival analysis often led to shorter recency periods than analysis of sensitivity and specificity as a new method. These findings suggest that more data from seroconverters and other methodologies are needed to determine the recency period for estimating HIV incidence.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2001

Effect of single pre-administration of Cordyceps militaris(Cm) extract on the survival ratio, body weight and organ weight changes and blood cell counts after whole-body ${\gamma}-irradiation$ were investigated. The single pre-administration of Cm extract at 24 hrs before ${\gamma}-irradiation$ increased the 40-day survival ratio of irradiated mice from 60.1% to 71.4%. The administration of Cm extract completely prevented weight reductions of spleen and thymus produced by ${\gamma}-irradiation$ (P<0.01, P<0.05). Similar but somewhat less radioprotective effect was also found In the testis of the Cm treated mice. The administration of Cm extract retarded the reduction of both leukocyte and lymphocyte counts occured during the first 7 days and accelerated the recovery of the counts thereafter. The exrtract also acclerated the recovery of the erythrocyte counts occured after the day 21th. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the soluble proteins extracted from various organs did not reveal differences to any extent in all groups except in the livers of the irradiated and extract treated groups, in which some proteins were missing or less present. Also, the result of general intra and extra mycelial enzyme assays with Cm, extramycelial enzyme activity was relatively higher than the intramycelial enzyme, Cm appeared to indicate that ${\alpha}-amylase$ was the highest among the enzymes and gluosidase and chitinase were followed. Since the spleen, thymus and testis have been well known as radiosensitive organs, the protective action of Cm extract on irradiated mice may be responsible for its enhancing recovery of these organs. Although the exact mechanism in protective effect of Cm extract on irradiated mice is not clear yet, the present study is the first report regarding the Cm which was tested and found to be a potential radioprotective agent.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.90-103
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• 2008

Objective : This study wascarried out to understand the effect of Sopyung-tang (SPT) on blood glucose & antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods : SD rats were separated into three groups, each with 20 rats. Except the normal group, the other two groups were intra-peritoneally injected with streptozotocin 6mg/kg. The experimental group was treated with SPT extract 500mgkg/day for 4 weeks. The normal and control groups were treated with saline 500mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Changes of plasma glucose level and body weight were observed. After4 weeks, liver and kidney weight, antioxidant enzyme activities, and survival rate were observed with histological changes on liver, kidney and pancreas. Results : In the experimental group, body weight and survival rate increased, while plasma glucose level decreased significantly. Liver and kidney weight, XOD activity decreased in the experimental group compared to the control. GSH-px and CAT activities andinsulin-immunoreactive granules in ${\beta}-cells$ increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control. Conclusions : This study shows that SPT might be effective for treatment of diabetes and its complications, as well as reduction of oxidative stress.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.356-359
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• 1997

To study the relationship between oxygen tolerance and enzyme activity in the oxygen metabolism of bifidobacteria, the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), NADH oxidase and NADH peroxidase from six typical bifidobacteria and other bacteria were assayed by spectrophotometry. Catalase activity was hardly detected in any of the bifidobacteria tested. SOD activity was detected in every species including the Clostridium species. In particular SOD activity was notably high in the aerosensitive Bifidobacterium adolescentis. This fact indicates that SOD activity is not a critical factor to ensure aerotolerance. Aerosensitive B. adolescentis showed very low NADH oxidative enzyme activity whereas other aerotolerant bifidobacteria exhibited considerable activity for the enzymes. It seems that detoxification of $H_2O_2$ by NADH oxidative enzymes might be an important factor in improving for aerotolerant bifidobacteria survival rates in an oxygen environment.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 1995

The current study was undertaken to select the crude drug showing life prolonging effect on the starved rats(Sprague-Dawley) and elucidate the reaction mechanism there of. As distilled water extracts prepared from twenty kinds of natural drugs were administered orally to female starved rats, Bupleuri Radix demonstrated the most prominent effect with 34.6% increment in the survival time. To investigate underlying mechanism of life prolonging effect of Bupleuri Radix, the concentrations of adrenocorticosteroids(corticsterone, testosterone and aldosterone) and enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT), glutamate pyrurate transaminase(GPT) were assayed in the serums of rats starved for, 2, 4 and 6 days respectively. The results manifested much elevated values of corticosterone, aldosterone(2 days) and rather decreasing tendency afterwards, specially in the late periods of starvation(6 days). With respect to such a considerable changes according to starvation periods, Bupleur Radix restored these values much near to normal suggesting that Buplerum Radix may play a life prolonging action during starvation probably through reinforcing the homeostatic properties of corticosteroids and some enzyme activities.