• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2020

Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of complex Korean medicine treatments on a patient suffering from tetraplegia caused by spinal cord injury. Case Summary: A 64-year-old female patient diagnosed with tetraplegia was treated using acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, knee joint motion style treatment (MST), and herbal medicine. Clinical symptoms were measured using the numeric rating scale (NRS) and manual muscle test (MMT). After 67 days of treatment, the NRS score for lower back pain and knee pain decreased from 7 to 3. For the shoulder joint the MMT grade improved from 3+/4+(Rt./Lt.) to 4/5-; in the hip joint, it improved from 3-/3+ to 4/4+. No side effects were observed from the treatments used in this case report. Conclusion: The complex Korean Medicine treatments appeared to be effective in recovering muscle strength and reducing pain in patients with tetraplegia caused by spinal cord injury.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.275-280
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• 2020

This study reports the effectiveness of traditional Korean medicine in treating tetraplegia and respiratory symptoms (including dyspnea) after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury surgery. The patient was treated with complex Korean medical treatment including electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. The manual muscle test (expanded Medical Research Council system) was used to measure the patient's muscle strength. The Korean version of the modified Barthel index and the functional independent measure were used to evaluate the patient's independence in performing daily activities. Following 2 hospitalizations and treatments, the patient's muscle strength improved > 4+ score for all joints, and the Korean version of the modified Barthel index and functional independent measure scores increased from 26 to 79 and 56 to 95, respectively. Symptoms of dyspnea, coughing, and sputum gradually improved and finally disappeared during hospitalization. This study suggests complex Korean medicine treatment may be effective in the rehabilitation of post-surgical cervical spinal cord injury patients.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 2004

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the level of activity daily living and powerlessness of spinal cord injury patients'. Method: The subjects for the study consisted of 68 persons agreed above twenty below seventy had had spinal cord injury. The data were collected from November 1, 2003 to January 30, 2004. The instruments used for this study were ADL check List and Powerlessness Scale. The data were analysed by using SPSS computerlized program and included number, percentage, t-test and ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Results: The mean of activity daily living was paraplegia $49.53{\pm}10.91$ and tetraplegia $25.65{\pm}13.24$. The mean of powerlessness was paraplegia $35.22{\pm}9.50$ and tetraplegia $37.55{\pm}9.01$. In the relationship between activity daily living and powerlessness were significant difference. Conclusion: in order to increase the level of activity daily living of rehabilization nurse should be helpful to provide them. Also, it could be identified that informational support was important, that is, the lesser the informational support, spinal cord injury patient don't feel the powerlessness.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

A 3-year-old, intact female English cocker spaniel dog was evaluated for an acute onset of tetraplegia. Utilizing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the cause of the neurologic deficits was determined to be an peracute hemorrhage of spinal cord. The MR study additionally demonstrated parenchymal hyperintensity on T2weighted images and similarly located hypointensity on T1weighted images. Hemorrhagic myelomalcia was suspected based on these MR characteristics, which was subsequently confirmed histopathologically.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2014

Purpose: Deficits in upper-extremity function in individuals with tetraplegia are primarily due to the loss of motor pathways. The purpose of this case report is to describe the effect of closed kinetic chain exercise using PNF on hand function and ADL of patient with incomplete spinal cord injure. Methods: Patient was a 53-year-old man with C4 tetraplegia and hand and upper extremity impairment who participated in this training intervention for 10 weeks. Results: Patient demonstrated improvements in upper extremity strength, hand function and performance of ADL. Outcome measures(ASIA motor scale, Hand power, Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function test, SCIM) were measured before and after the training program. Conclusion: The results of this case suggests that an closed kinetic chain exercise program in incomplete spinal cord injury patient may induce Hand function and ADL.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.130-132
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• 2019

Acupuncture is generally regarded as a safe procedure and as a popular treatment for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. We report a case of a 47-year-old male patient with late-onset tetraplegia, developed after acupuncture. He had no trauma, medical, and social history relevant to tetraplegia. Right after the acupuncture, he felt discomfort in his right arm. After 6 days, all 4 extremity weakness developed. Whole-spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of spinal subdural hematoma extending from the C5 vertebra to the coccyx level. Hand coordination dysfunction, neurogenic bladder, and neuropathic pain were other symptoms. After the management, he recovered muscle strength, but incomplete bladder control and neuralgia were sustained. It is important to be aware of the possibilities of severe complications after acupuncture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.201-209
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• 2003

Objective : Recently, Seguele of Traffic Accident patients are increasing, especially cervical injury bring only severe sequela but also mortal damage to the patient. In treatment of the disease, the east medical treatment is another effective method. Methods : The patient resisted the west theraphy improved greatly in movement and sensation by acupuncture, moxibustion, herb medication and Physical treatment. In MRI, The treatment result is proved. Acupuncture on Stomach Meridian(足陽明胃經) referring to Naijing(內經) is thought effective. Results : Tetraplegia by Traffic Accident is considered as Wei Symptom in term of the east medicine, By means of radial and physical study of the patient treated by the east medicine, we are conviced that the east medicine is the excellent method Conclusions : Referring to the past documentary data, The only Treatment on this disease is Surgical operation, but the operation isn't the successful one because seg. of spinal cord injury is mortal. The east treatment, acupuncture, moxibustion herb medication and physical treatment isn't only effective but also satisfactory. In the future, The study on this disease by the east medicine should be made thoroughly.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical features, strength, function, and upper extremity musculoskeletal pain during rehabilitation of manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The degree and frequency of upper extremity musculoskeletal pain were measured in persons with spinal cord injuries using manual wheelchairs with the use of questionnaires. The pain scores of the hand, wrist, and shoulder joints were calculated by multiplying the seriousness and frequency of pain. We collected data on the manual muscle test, Spinal Cord Independent Measure-III, and the Body Mass Index. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: A total of 47 patients participated in this study and the neurological level of the injuries ranged from C2 to S5. Pain in the shoulder joints was the most common in persons with tetraplegia and paraplegia. Pain was experienced as mild to moderate, and occurred one or more times a week. Of the 32 persons with paraplegia, the most common area of complaint was the shoulder. Of the 15 persons with paraplegia, the shoulder joints were the most common site of pain. The independence levels of the persons with spinal cord injuries were highly correlated to muscle strength levels (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study investigated upper extremity musculoskeletal pain during rehabilitation of manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries and the relationship between physical features, strength, and function. In most persons with spinal cord injuries, pain and frequency of shoulder joints were high and pain levels were also related to functional levels.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.457-463
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• 2004

Schizencephaly is a form of the porencephaly in which there is a cystic cavity in the cerebral hemispheres. Schizencephaly is a congenital disease which consist of clefts that extend through the entire hemisphere from the ependymal lining of the lateral ventricles to the pial covering of the cortex. The etiology and the pathogenesis of this malady are not clearly estalilished. Typical symtoms is seizures, mental retardation, spastic tetraplegia and blindness. A case of schizencephaly which was treated through methods of the Oriental Medicine, and that met with good results, is reported.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.303-308
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• 2019

Non-traumatic acute myelopathy caused by cervical disc herniation is rare. To date, no case has been reported to be caused by extrusion cervical disc herniation, unrelated to patient posture during surgery. Here, we report the case of a 65-year-old male patient with cervical myelopathy who underwent subsequent arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery under general anesthesia; non-cervical spine surgery. Ed. Notes: I am unable to understand the insertion of the highlighted phrase. Please delete if not required, or revise the sentence appropriately. Patient showed acute postoperative tetraplegia in spite of optimal anesthetic management. He showed no limitation of neck movement at pre-operative airway evaluation, and had no history of trauma to the cervical spine. During surgery, there had been no overextension or twisting of the neck, including at the time of anesthetic induction by tracheal intubation. However, cervical disc herniation causing spinal canal cord compression was detected in the postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, which probably resulted in tetraplegia of the patient. Motor and sensory functions were recovered after 21 days of conservative treatment, including steroid pulse intravenous therapy without any surgical intervention. In this report, the disease is described after reviewing other reported cases; furthermore, we also discuss the pathophysiology of the disease. Based on our report, we propose that under general anesthesia, clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of pre-existing cervical disease, even in non-cervical spine surgeries of geriatric patients.